ARTICLE 1243

Payment made to the creditor by the debtor after the latter has been judicially ordered to retain the debt shall not be valid.

Example:
A owes a significant sum of money to a bank, and there's a legal dispute regarding the debt. The court issues
an order for A to retain the debt until the legal matter is resolved. Despite this court order, A makes a payment
of PhP10,000 to the bank. Since the court had already ordered A to retain the debt, this payment of PhP10,000
is considered invalid under Article 1243 of the Civil Code. The bank cannot legally accept or enforce this
payment because it violates the court's order. A may need to comply with the court's instructions and retain the
debt until the legal matter is resolved.

Another Example:
Garnishment- The proceeding by which a debtor’s creditor is subjected to the payment of his own debt to
another.

A owes B PhP10,000. B, in turn, owes C PhP10,000.00. C brings an action against B, who claims insolvency but
admits the credit which he has over A. Before A pays B, A is summoned into the proceeding, and asked to
retain the debt in the meantime. Thus, the debt is “garnished”. The reason is A should not pay B, and instead
pay C, should C really be adjudged the creditor of B.