FULLBRIGHT COLLEGE

Hyperlinking you to a bright future

Subject: The Child and Adolescent Learners and Learning Principles

Main Topic: Social and Emotional Development
Sub Topic: Developmental Theories
Presenter: Group 9
Isabel C. Pancho
Babylyn A. Simbulas
Pinalyn L. Andap

Introduction
According to the article “What is Social and Emotional Development” social and
emotional development means how children start to understand who they are, what they are
feeling, and what to expect when interacting with others. It is the development of being able
to form and sustain positive relationships, experience, manage and express emotions, and
explore and engage with the environment. Also, the parents and caregivers hold a significant
role in this developmental process, providing stable relationships that serve as the foundation
for children's emotional growth.
Thus, this lesson aims to provide a thorough explanation of the underlying mechanisms
involved in social and emotional development. Introducing four key theories offers learners a
comprehensive grasp of this crucial facet of childhood maturation. Theories serve as
frameworks for understanding how children navigate and evolve in their social and emotional
capacities. Through exploration of these theories, learners gain insights into the intricate
processes through which children form relationships, regulate emotions, and interact with
their environment. Ultimately, enhanced understanding equips educators and caregivers to
support and nurture children's social and emotional growth effectively. This is a valuable
resource for anyone supporting children's healthy development, facilitating a more informed
and effective approach to promoting their well-being.

Learning Objectives
1. Understand the process of social and emotional development and grasp four
developmental theories that influence children's development.

2. Comprehend the influence of parents or caregivers on the social and developmental

growth of children.
 3. Comprehend the importance of developmental theories in current research and
studies.

Lesson 1: Developmental Theories

1.1 Sigmund Freud’s Psychosexual Stages
 Oral Stage
 Anal Stage
 Phallic Stage; (Oedipus Complex & Electra Complex)
 Latency Stage
 Genital Stage

1.2 Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development

 Trust vs. Mistrust (Birth to 18 months) -Virtue: Hope
 Autonomy vs Shame and Doubt (18 months to 3 years) -Virtue: Will
 Initiative vs. Guilt (3 to 6 years) -Virtue: Purpose
 Industry vs. Inferiority (6 to 11 years) -Virtue: Competence
 Identity vs. Role Confusion (Adolescence 12-18 years) -Virtue: Fidelity
 Intimacy vs. Isolation (Emerging Adult 18-40) -Virtue: Love
 Generativity vs. Stagnation (Adult 40-65 years) -Virtue: Care
 Integrity vs. Despair (Old Age 65 years onwards) -Virtue: Wisdom

1.3 Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory

 Attention
 Retention
 Reproduction
 Motivation

1.4 Bowlby’s Attachment Theory

 Pre-attachment (0 to 2 months)
 Attachment in-the-making (2 to 7 months)
 Clear-cut attachment (7 months to 2 years)
 Formation of reciprocal relationship (2 years onward)
 ASSESSMENT

Direction: Encircle the letter of the correct answer.

1. This theory propose that individuals acquire learning through observation.

A. Bowlby’s Attachment Theory

B. Erikson’s Stages of Psychosocial Development
C. Bandura’s Social Cognitive Theory
D. Freud’s Psychosexual Stages

2. Tina frequently hears that she's "lazy" or "not good enough," leading her to
develop feelings of inferiority and become less confident. In what stage this
might occur?

A. Initiative vs. Guilt

B. Industry vs. Inferiority
C. Identity vs. Role Confusion
D. Intimacy vs. Isolation

3. At which stage of Sigmund Freud's Psychosexual Stages do children begin to

recognize the differences between males and females?

A. Anal Stage
B. Phallic Stage
C. Genital Stage
D. Latency Stage

4. What is the term used to describe the personality that may develop if parents
exhibit excessive tolerance according to Freud's Psychosexual Stages?

A. Oral aggressive personality

B. Oral receptive personality
C. Anal-receptive personality
D. Anal-expulsive personality

5. These features are notably prominent during this stage, including grasping,
crying, smiling, and gazing to establish and sustain attention.

A. Pre-attachment
B. Attachment in-the-making
C. Clear-cut attachment
D. Formation of reciprocal relationship
6. What is the term for the powerful yearning of a young boy for his own mother
and the wish to replace his father?

A. Phallic stage
B. Genital Stage
C. Oedipus Complex
D. Electra Complex

7. During which developmental stage do children typically exhibit separation

anxiety when separated from their primary caregiver?

A. Clear-cut attachment
B. Attachment in the making
C. Pre-attachment
D. Formation of reciprocal relationship

8. What psychosocial development stage is exemplified when Maria, a new

mother, encourages her 2-year-old baby boy to pick up his own clothes to wear
for preschool, even if they end up being mismatched?

A. Initiative vs. Guilt

B. Industry vs. Inferiority
C. Autonomy vs. Shame and Doubt
D. Trust vs. Mistrust

9. During which stage of development is it common for children to develop a

habit of thumb sucking that persists as they grow older?

A. Anal Stage
B. Phallic Stage
C. Oral Stage
D. Latency Stage

10. Anton makes the decision to marry his longtime girlfriend, and together they
intend to create a family. What stage of psychosocial development is this?

A. Generativity vs. Stagnation

B. Trust vs. Mistrust
C. Integrity vs. Despair
D. Intimacy vs. Isolation