JAIN TEMPLES

Dilwara Jain temple- Mt.Abu, Rajasthan

Ranakpur temple- Sadri, Rajasthan

Krish Balsara (05) Nevil Chahwala (08) Shreshth Dadwal (10) Pooja Nimbhorkar (39)
Ayush Parmar (41) Harshil Raichura (61) Ansh Tapiawala (82) Aditya Patidar (59)
 Index
● Location

● Timeline

● Historical background

● Types of Jain temples

● Architectural style

● Site context

1) Vimala Vasahi temple

2) Luna Vasahi temple
3) Pitalhar temple
4) Khartar Vasahi temple
5) Mahavir Swami temple

About temple and its characteristics,

plans and similarities.

● Ranakpur Temple
Location

● The Dilwara Temples or Delwara

Temples are a group of Śvētāmbara
Jain temples located about 2+1⁄2
kilometres from the Mount Abu
settlement in Sirohi District,
Rajasthan's only hill station.
Timeline
Historical Background
● Dilwara Temples are composite cluster of 5 temples.

● Vimal Shah(Chief minister of Bhimdev-1) wanted to built the temple dedicated to the Jain
Tirthankaras.

● Vimal Shah request the land to build, but the land was occupied by the Brahmins at that time. They
need strong proofs or religious relics of Jainism then only they will allow Jain people to built the
temple.

● Vimal Shah started to exploring to find the relics. It is believed that Goddess Ambika Devi came in
the dreams of Vimal Shah and give the location of buried statue of Jain Tirthankar Adinath from
which the first temple of Dilwara complex, Vimal Vasahi was built and other temples during the 11th
to 13th century during Solanki rule.

Purpose to built the temples

● Vimal Shah was a devout Jain and commissioned the construction of temples to honor to the Jain
Tirthankaras.

● The choice of location on hill is selected because the natural surroundings and peaceful ambiance
added to the spiritual significance and appeal of temple.
Types of jain temples
● All jain temples are dedicated to 24
Tirthankaras.

● Jain adopted the method of carving out

temple from rock faces believing concept of
mountains of immortality.

Two types of jain temples

Shikar-bandhi temple (with Ghar jain temple

dome) (without dome)

● Shikar-bandhi temple style is found in Dilwara temples.

These temples have entrance mandapas with carving
and sculptures.
Jain Tirthankara
● The central shrine consists of image or idol of
Tirthankaras
Architectural style

● Maru-Gurjara is the architecture style of all

temples in Dilwara cluster.

● The interior of temple are lavishly decorated, with

elaborate carving on most surfaces.

● Low domes are carved out on inside with

sculptures. Another feature is flying arch like
elements between pillars which are very Ranga Mandapa of Vimal Vasahi Temple
beautifully carved out and they do not provide any
structural support.

● The style developed large pillared halls or

sequence of pillared halls on main axis that leads
to the shrine.

Dome of Luna Vasahi Temple

Site context

● Cluster
plan of all
temples
Location About Temple
● It is a group of jain temples.

1) Vimala Vasahi temple

2) Luna Vasahi temple
3) Pitalhar temple
4) Khartar Vasahi temple
5) Mahavir Swami temple

● It was built by Bhima 1 and designed by Vastupala, Jain

minister of Dholka.

● It was constructed during the 11th century - 12th century

AD.

● White marble is used for all temples.

● Each temple are built at different time.

Dilwara Jain temple- Mt.Abu, Rajasthan

● Vimala Vasahi temple

● It is one of the oldest temple in the whole group of

temples.

● It was built in 1032 CE, constructed by Vimal Shah a

minister of Bhima I.

● Temple is dedicated to Rishabhanath (Aadinath).

● it is enclosed in courtyard surrounded by corridor which

has cells(Devkulis)containing idols of Jain tirthankaras.

● Temple is made by white marble from Arasoori Hills.

● The temple was constructed with the help of 1500 masons

and 12000 laborers.
View of Garbhgriha from prayer hall
Plan

Garbhgriha

Corridor
Devkulikas of Goddess Ambika

Gudha mandapa

Ranga Mandapa
Novchokino
Design
● Symmetry
● Enclosure
● Concentric Rectangles
● Collonade
● Double Arcade
Axis along East-West direction.
Design

● The main dome of Rang ● The pillars forming the octagon,

Manadapa has a centre element
which is hanged know as
pendant (Lotus Blossom).
● It has 16 bracket of Goddess of
Knowledge(Vidhya Devi).
are decorated with figural motifs
and they are linked with each
other by highly detailed carved
arches knows as Toranas.
● It has 16 bracket of Goddess of
Knowledge(Vidhya Devi).

This are some of the nine rectangular

ceilings in Novchokino each of them is
different and decorated resting on
ornamented columns.
● Figures carved on
And ceilings is decorated with right columns.
patterns which depict lotus buds,
petals, flowers and elaborated scenes
from Jain mythology.
Plan

Columns and tornas of Navchokino

This are some of the nine

rectangular ceilings in
Novchokino each of them is
different and decorated
resting on ornamented
columns.
 ● The main dome of Rang
Manadapa has a centre
element which is hanged
know as pendant (Lotus
Blossom).

● It has 16 bracket of Goddess

of Knowledge(Vidhya Devi).
Gudha Mandapa from which idol
can seen, with decorated carved ● The goddess Ambika
columns and toranas. Statue is worshipped
in cell no 8.
Ambulatory is having double ● And in cell no 7
arcade of pillars and cells for contains huge
devakulikas or subsidiary shrines. sculpture of Adinatha.
● Khartar Vasahi temple

● This temple is also called Khartar Vashi temple.

● This was built by Mandlik and his family in

1458-59 A.D.

● It is devoted to Lord Parshavnath..

● The temple was constructed after 425 years of

Vimal Vasahi and 225 years after Luna Vasahi.

● Temple is made by sandstone .

● in each storey, in all the four sides, images of

Paraswanath are installed.

● It consists of a three storied building , The tallest

of the shrines at Dilwara
Plan
Cellar (garbhagriha)

● The garbhagriha is the

location of the murti
(statue or icon) of Lord
Parshavnath.

Vorhalle (mandapa),

● There is a pendant
in the centre of the
main dome in
Vorhalle.

● It has 16 brackets
for Goddess of
Knowledge.
● Luna Vasahi temple

● This temple is also called Neminatha Temple.

● This was built by Two Porwad brothers - Vastupal

and Tejpal in 1230.

● It is devoted to Lord Neminatha.

● The temple has a similar structure as Vimala

Vasahi but has better Carvings.

● The temple was constructed almost after 200 years

of Vimala Vasahi Temple.

● Dome is the major attraction of this Luna Vasahi

Temple.

● Temple’s layout is based on Solanki Architecture.

Plan Cellar (garbhagriha)

Gudha Mandapa

Rang Mandap Navchoki

With Dome

● Dome Stands On 8 Pillars.

● Seated Jain Monks are carved along

the second to lowest level of circular
base .
● Pittalhar
Temple
● The Pittalhar temple, also
called the Adinatha temple

● It was built by Bhima Shah, a

minister of Sultan Begada of
Ahmedabad, between
1316-1432 AD.
● The name of the temple is
also mentioned in an
inscription dating back to
1432, found in Digambar
shrine in Dilwara complex
● There are 107 images in the
main shrine.
● The shrine consists of a
Garbhagriha, Gudh mandap
and Navchowki with images
of yakshi Chakreshvari and
yaksha Gomukha on both
sides.
Plan
● Mahaveer Swami temple

● smallest structure in the temple complex.

● Constructed in 1582 A.D.
● dedicated to the 24th Jain Tirthankara, Lord Mahaveer,
● it has beautiful paintings on its walls.
● There are pictures on the upper walls of the porch painted in 1764 A.D. by the artists of
Sirohi.
● On the walls of the temple the images of Lord Mahaveer is there.
● This temple is an amalgamation of ancient and modern Jain architecture - quite
contemporary in design, unlike the ancient Jain temples which were highly ornamented and
richly carved.
Location About Temple

● The construction is well documented in a 1436 CE

copper-plate record, inscriptions in the temple and a
Sanskrit text Soma-Saubhagya Kavya.
● Inspired by a dream of a celestial vehicle, Dharna Shah,a
Porwal from Ghanerao, commenced its construction in
1389, under the patronage of Rana Kumbha, then ruler of
Mewar.
● The architect who oversaw the project was named Dwepa.
● There is an inscription on a pillar near the main shrine
stating that in 1439 Deepaka, an architect, constructed the
temple at the direction of Dharanka, a devoted Jain.
● When the ground floor was completed, Acharya Soma
Sundar Suri of Tapa Gaccha supervised the ceremonies,
which are described in Soma-Saubhagya Kavya.

Ranakpur jain temple- Rajasthan

● Ranakpur jain temple

● Ranakpur Jain temple or Chaturmukha Dharana Vihara is a

Svetambara Jain temple at Ranakpur dedicated to
Tirthankara Rishabhanatha. The temple is located in a
village of Ranakpur near Sadri town in the Pali district of
Rajasthan.
● Darna Shah, a local Jain businessperson, started
construction of the temple in the 15th century following a
divine vision. The temple honours Adinath, the first
Tirthankar of the present half-cycle (avasarpiṇī) according
to Jain cosmology. The Ranakpur temple is one of the
largest and most important temples of Jain culture. The
campus includes various temples such as Chaumukha
temple, Surya temple, Suparshvanatha temple and Amba
temple.
● Ranakpur along with Muchhal Mahavir, Narlai, Nadol and
Varkana forms "Gorwad Panch Tirth". View of Garbhgriha from prayer hall
Plan
Plan

Columns and tornas of adinath temple

This are some of the nine rectangular ceilings in Adinath each

of them is different and decorated resting on ornamented
columns.

Corridor
Elevation
Sources

● https://www.slideshare.net/VIRAGSONTAKKE/abu-temples

● https://www.slideshare.net/Cutegalrj/dilwara-jain-temple-2

● https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Delwara

● https://kleoc.blogspot.com/2023/06/brief-history-of-dilwara-temple.html

● https://archi-monarch.com/jain-temple-architecture/

● https://www.sirohishehar.com/dilwara-temple-mount-abu-rajasthan/#Dilwara_
Temple_History