Republic of the Philippines

BOHOL ISLAND STATE UNIVERSITY - Main Campus

College of Engineering and Architecture
6300 Tagbilaran City
Vision: A premier Science and Technology University for the formation of world class and virtual human resource for sustainable development in Bohol and the country
Mission: BISU is committed to provide quality higher education in the arts and sciences, as well as in the professional and technological fields; undertake research and
development and extension services for the sustainable development of Bohol and the country.

SUBJECT: PRINCIPLES OF TRANSPORTATION ENGINEERING

INSTRUCTOR: ENGR. SHEILAMAE S. BERSANO
TOPIC: INTRODUCTION TO TRAVEL DEMAND AND FORECASTING

Name: Rasonabe, Mary Ann Toni N. Date Submitted: October 19, 2023
Year and Section: BSCE – 4B CE 13

Activity No. 1:

1. Estimate the number of trips for each zone-to-zone using the gravity model and then present the
Singly Constrained and Doubly Constrained.

Zone Productions Attractions F values for each trip

1 400 300 Zone 1 2 3
2 400 300 1 1.0 0.5 2.0
3 100 300 2 1.0 0.5 2.0
Total 900 900 3 1.0 0.5 2.0

Note: K values for all zone is 1.

2. Continue the sample problem from Growth Factor model by estimating the trips between zones in 2nd
Iteration using the newly acquired values.
Estimated
Zone A B C D Actual Trip Growth
Zone Total Trip
Generation Factor
A 0 428 141 124 Generated
B 428 0 372 0 A 693 720 1.04
C 141 372 0 430 B 800 770 0.96
D 124 0 430 0 C 943 980 1.04
Total 693 800 943 554 D 554 520 0.94

Hint: Growth factor must be equal to 1 and Estimated Total Trip Generation must be equal to the
Actual Trip Generation
Solution:

1. Step 1: Calculate the initial values of trip distribution of each zones using the formula.
𝐴𝑗 𝐹𝑖𝑗 𝐾𝑖𝑗
𝑇𝑖𝑗 = 𝑃𝑖 ( )
Σ𝐴𝑗 𝐹𝑖𝑗 𝐾𝑖𝑗
From Zone 1
300 ∗ 1 ∗ 1
𝑇1−1 = 400 [ ] = 114
(300 ∗ 1 ∗ 1) + (300 ∗ 0.5 ∗ 1) + (300 ∗ 2 ∗ 1)

300 ∗ 0.5 ∗ 1
𝑇1−2 = 400 [ ] = 57
(300 ∗ 1 ∗ 1) + (300 ∗ 0.5 ∗ 1) + (300 ∗ 2 ∗ 1)

300 ∗ 2 ∗ 1
𝑇1−3 = 400 [ ] = 229
(300 ∗ 1 ∗ 1) + (300 ∗ 0.5 ∗ 1) + (300 ∗ 2 ∗ 1)
From Zone 2
300 ∗ 1 ∗ 1
𝑇2−1 = 400 [ ] = 114
(300 ∗ 1 ∗ 1) + (300 ∗ 0.5 ∗ 1) + (300 ∗ 2 ∗ 1)

300 ∗ 0.5 ∗ 1
𝑇2−2 = 400 [ ] = 57
(300 ∗ 1 ∗ 1) + (300 ∗ 0.5 ∗ 1) + (300 ∗ 2 ∗ 1)

300 ∗ 2 ∗ 1
𝑇2−3 = 400 [ ] = 229
(300 ∗ 1 ∗ 1) + (300 ∗ 0.5 ∗ 1) + (300 ∗ 2 ∗ 1)
From Zone 3
300 ∗ 1 ∗ 1
𝑇3−1 = 100 [ ] = 29
(300 ∗ 1 ∗ 1) + (300 ∗ 0.5 ∗ 1) + (300 ∗ 2 ∗ 1)

300 ∗ 0.5 ∗ 1
𝑇3−2 = 100 [ ] = 14
(300 ∗ 1 ∗ 1) + (300 ∗ 0.5 ∗ 1) + (300 ∗ 2 ∗ 1)

300 ∗ 2 ∗ 1
𝑇3−3 = 100 [ ] = 57
(300 ∗ 1 ∗ 1) + (300 ∗ 0.5 ∗ 1) + (300 ∗ 2 ∗ 1)

Step 2: Tabulate the zone-to-zone trips

Zone-to-Zone Trips: First Iteration, Singly Constrained

Zone 1 2 3 Computed P Given P
1 114 57 229 400 400
2 114 57 229 400 400
3 29 14 57 100 100
Computed A 257 128 515 900 900
Given A 300 300 300 900

Since computed P is equal only to the given P, then the iteration is Singly Constrained.

Step 3: Determine the multiplier (M) to correct/ adjust the Computed A in each zone to make it equal
to Given A.

300 300 300

𝑀𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑒 1 = = 1.17, 𝑀𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑒 2 = = 2.34 𝑀𝑧𝑜𝑛𝑒 3 = = 0.58
257 128 515
Step 4: Use the multiplier to adjust the values per zone-to-zone trips according to columns. The
computed values of both Attractions and Productions are almost the same as the given values, try to
adjust manually.

Zone-to-Zone Trips: 2nd Iteration, Doubly Constrained

Zone 1 2 3 Computed P Given P
1 133 133 133 399 400
2 133 133 133 399 400
3 34 33 33 100 100
Computed A 300 299 299 898 900
Given A 300 300 300 900

Step 5: Present the tabulation for Doubly Constrained Model.

Zone-to-Zone Trips: 2nd Iteration, Doubly Constrained

Zone 1 2 3 Computed P Given P
1 133 133 134 400 400
2 133 134 133 400 400
3 34 33 33 100 100
Computed A 300 300 300 900 900
Given A 300 300 300 900
2. FIRST ESTIMATE:
Step 1: Calculate the initial values of trips of each zones using the formula.

𝑡𝑖𝑗 𝐺𝑖
𝑇𝑖𝑗 = (𝑡𝑖 𝐺𝑖 ) ( )
Σ𝑥 𝑡𝑖𝑥 𝐺𝑖𝑥

From Zone A
𝑇𝐴𝐴 = 0

428 ∗ 0.96
𝑇𝐴𝐵 = 693 ∗ 1.04 [ ] = 439
(428 ∗ 0.96) + (141 ∗ 1.04) + (124 ∗ 0.94)

141 ∗ 1.04
𝑇𝐴𝐶 = 693 ∗ 1.04 [ ] = 157
(428 ∗ 0.96) + (141 ∗ 1.04) + (124 ∗ 0.94)

124 ∗ 0.94
𝑇𝐴𝐷 = 693 ∗ 1.04 [ ] = 125
(428 ∗ 0.96) + (141 ∗ 1.04) + (124 ∗ 0.94)

From Zone B
428 ∗ 1.04
𝑇𝐵𝐴 = 800 ∗ 0.96 [ ] = 411
(428 ∗ 1.04) + (372 ∗ 1.04)

𝑇𝐵𝐵 = 0

372 ∗ 1.04
𝑇𝐵𝐶 = 800 ∗ 0.96 [ ] = 357
(428 ∗ 1.04) + (372 ∗ 1.04)

𝑇𝐵𝐷 = 0

From Zone C
141 ∗ 1.04
𝑇𝐶𝐴 = 943 ∗ 1.04 [ ] = 158
(141 ∗ 1.04) + (372 ∗ 0.96) + (430 ∗ 0.94)

372 ∗ 0.96
𝑇𝐶𝐵 = 943 ∗ 1.04 [ ] = 386
(141 ∗ 1.04) + (372 ∗ 0.96) + (430 ∗ 0.94)

𝑇𝐶𝐶 = 0

430 ∗ 0.94
𝑇𝐶𝐷 = 943 ∗ 1.04 [ ] = 437
(141 ∗ 1.04) + (372 ∗ 0.96) + (430 ∗ 0.94)

From Zone D
124 ∗ 1.04
𝑇𝐷𝐴 = 554 ∗ 0.94 [ ] = 117
(124 ∗ 1.04) + (430 ∗ 1.04)

𝑇𝐷𝐵 = 0

430 ∗ 1.04
𝑇𝐷𝐶 = 554 ∗ 0.94 [ ] = 404
(124 ∗ 1.04) + (430 ∗ 1.04)

𝑇𝐷𝐷 = 0
Step 2: Calculate the average values of trip distribution of each pair zones such as T AB and TBA.

From pairs AB
𝑇𝐴𝐵 + 𝑇𝐵𝐴 439 + 411
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴𝐵 = = = 425
2 2
From pairs AC
𝑇𝐴𝐶 + 𝑇𝐶𝐴 157 + 158
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴𝐶 = = = 158
2 2
From pairs AD
𝑇𝐴𝐷 + 𝑇𝐷𝐴 125 + 117
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴𝐷 = = = 121
2 2
From pairs BC
𝑇𝐵𝐶 + 𝑇𝐶𝐵 357 + 386
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐵𝐶 = = = 372
2 2
From pairs CD
𝑇𝐶𝐷 + 𝑇𝐷𝐶 437 + 404
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐶𝐷 = = = 421
2 2

Step 3: Tabulate the number of trips for the first estimate.

Estimated
Actual Trip
Zone A B C D Total Trip
Generation
Generated
A 0 425 158 121 704 720
B 425 0 372 0 797 770
C 158 372 0 421 951 980
D 121 0 421 0 542 520
Total 704 797 951 542

Step 4: Determine the growth factor for the second estimate.

Estimated Total Actual Trip

Zone Growth Factor
Trip Generated Generation
A 704 720 1.02
B 797 770 0.97
C 951 980 1.03
D 542 520 0.96

720
𝐺𝐴 = = 1.02
704

770
𝐺𝐵 = = 0.97
797

980
𝐺𝐶 = = 1.03
951

520
𝐺𝐷 = = 0.96
542
SECOND ESTIMATE:

Step 1: Calculate the initial values of trips of each zones using the formula.

𝑡𝑖𝑗 𝐺𝑖
𝑇𝑖𝑗 = (𝑡𝑖 𝐺𝑖 ) ( )
Σ𝑥 𝑡𝑖𝑥 𝐺𝑖𝑥

From Zone A
𝑇𝐴𝐴 = 0

425 ∗ 0.97
𝑇𝐴𝐵 = 704 ∗ 1.02 [ ] = 428
(425 ∗ 0.97) + (158 ∗ 1.03) + (121 ∗ 0.96)

158 ∗ 1.03
𝑇𝐴𝐶 = 704 ∗ 1.02 [ ] = 169
(425 ∗ 0.97) + (158 ∗ 1.03) + (121 ∗ 0.96)

121 ∗ 0.96
𝑇𝐴𝐷 = 704 ∗ 1.02 [ ] = 121
(425 ∗ 0.97) + (158 ∗ 1.03) + (121 ∗ 0.96)

From Zone B
425 ∗ 1.02
𝑇𝐵𝐴 = 797 ∗ 0.97 [ ] = 410
(425 ∗ 1.02) + (372 ∗ 1.03)

𝑇𝐵𝐵 = 0

372 ∗ 1.03
𝑇𝐵𝐶 = 797 ∗ 0.97 [ ] = 363
(425 ∗ 1.02) + (372 ∗ 1.03)

𝑇𝐵𝐷 = 0

From Zone C
158 ∗ 1.02
𝑇𝐶𝐴 = 951 ∗ 1.03 [ ] = 170
(158 ∗ 1.02) + (372 ∗ 0.97) + (421 ∗ 0.96)

372 ∗ 0.97
𝑇𝐶𝐵 = 951 ∗ 1.03 [ ] = 382
(158 ∗ 1.02) + (372 ∗ 0.97) + (421 ∗ 0.96)

𝑇𝐶𝐶 = 0

421 ∗ 0.96
𝑇𝐶𝐷 = 951 ∗ 1.03 [ ] = 427
(158 ∗ 1.02) + (372 ∗ 0.97) + (421 ∗ 0.96)

From Zone D
121 ∗ 1.02
𝑇𝐷𝐴 = 542 ∗ 0.96 [ ] = 115
(121 ∗ 1.02) + (421 ∗ 1.03)

𝑇𝐷𝐵 = 0

421 ∗ 1.03
𝑇𝐷𝐶 = 542 ∗ 0.96 [ ] = 405
(121 ∗ 1.02) + (421 ∗ 1.03)

𝑇𝐷𝐷 = 0
Step 2: Calculate the average values of trip distribution of each pair zones such as T AB and TBA.

From pairs AB
𝑇𝐴𝐵 + 𝑇𝐵𝐴 428 + 410
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴𝐵 = = = 419
2 2
From pairs AC
𝑇𝐴𝐶 + 𝑇𝐶𝐴 169 + 170
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴𝐶 = = = 170
2 2
From pairs AD
𝑇𝐴𝐷 + 𝑇𝐷𝐴 121 + 115
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴𝐷 = = = 118
2 2
From pairs BC
𝑇𝐵𝐶 + 𝑇𝐶𝐵 363 + 382
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐵𝐶 = = = 373
2 2
From pairs CD
𝑇𝐶𝐷 + 𝑇𝐷𝐶 427 + 405
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐶𝐷 = = = 416
2 2

Step 3: Tabulate the number of trips for the second estimate.

Estimated
Actual Trip
Zone A B C D Total Trip
Generation
Generated
A 0 419 170 118 707 720
B 419 0 373 0 792 770
C 170 373 0 416 959 980
D 118 0 416 0 534 520
Total 707 792 959 534

Step 4: Determine the growth factor for the third estimate.

Estimated Total Actual Trip

Zone Growth Factor
Trip Generated Generation
A 707 720 1.02
B 792 770 0.97
C 959 980 1.02
D 534 520 0.97

720
𝐺𝐴 = = 1.02
707

770
𝐺𝐵 = = 0.97
792

980
𝐺𝐶 = = 1.02
959

520
𝐺𝐷 = = 0.97
534
THIRD ESTIMATE:

Step 1: Calculate the initial values of trips of each zones using the formula.

𝑡𝑖𝑗 𝐺𝑖
𝑇𝑖𝑗 = (𝑡𝑖 𝐺𝑖 ) ( )
Σ𝑥 𝑡𝑖𝑥 𝐺𝑖𝑥

From Zone A
𝑇𝐴𝐴 = 0

419 ∗ 0.97
𝑇𝐴𝐵 = 707 ∗ 1.02 [ ] = 422
(419 ∗ 0.97) + (170 ∗ 1.02) + (118 ∗ 0.97)

170 ∗ 1.02
𝑇𝐴𝐶 = 707 ∗ 1.02 [ ] = 180
(419 ∗ 0.97) + (170 ∗ 1.02) + (118 ∗ 0.97)

118 ∗ 0.97
𝑇𝐴𝐷 = 707 ∗ 1.02 [ ] = 119
(419 ∗ 0.97) + (170 ∗ 1.02) + (118 ∗ 0.97)

From Zone B
419 ∗ 1.02
𝑇𝐵𝐴 = 792 ∗ 0.97 [ ] = 406
(419 ∗ 1.02) + (373 ∗ 1.02)

𝑇𝐵𝐵 = 0

373 ∗ 1.02
𝑇𝐵𝐶 = 792 ∗ 0.97 [ ] = 362
(419 ∗ 1.02) + (373 ∗ 1.02)

𝑇𝐵𝐷 = 0

From Zone C
170 ∗ 1.02
𝑇𝐶𝐴 = 959 ∗ 1.02 [ ] = 181
(170 ∗ 1.02) + (373 ∗ 0.97) + (416 ∗ 0.97)

373 ∗ 0.97
𝑇𝐶𝐵 = 959 ∗ 1.02 [ ] = 377
(170 ∗ 1.02) + (373 ∗ 0.97) + (416 ∗ 0.97)

𝑇𝐶𝐶 = 0

416 ∗ 0.97
𝑇𝐶𝐷 = 959 ∗ 1.02 [ ] = 420
(170 ∗ 1.02) + (373 ∗ 0.97) + (416 ∗ 0.97)

From Zone D
118 ∗ 1.02
𝑇𝐷𝐴 = 534 ∗ 0.97 [ ] = 114
(118 ∗ 1.02) + (416 ∗ 1.02)

𝑇𝐷𝐵 = 0

416 ∗ 1.02
𝑇𝐷𝐶 = 534 ∗ 0.97 [ ] = 404
(118 ∗ 1.02) + (416 ∗ 1.02)

𝑇𝐷𝐷 = 0
Step 2: Calculate the average values of trip distribution of each pair zones such as T AB and TBA.

From pairs AB
𝑇𝐴𝐵 + 𝑇𝐵𝐴 422 + 406
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴𝐵 = = = 414
2 2
From pairs AC
𝑇𝐴𝐶 + 𝑇𝐶𝐴 180 + 181
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴𝐶 = = = 181
2 2
From pairs AD
𝑇𝐴𝐷 + 𝑇𝐷𝐴 119 + 114
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴𝐷 = = = 117
2 2
From pairs BC
𝑇𝐵𝐶 + 𝑇𝐶𝐵 362 + 377
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐵𝐶 = = = 370
2 2
From pairs CD
𝑇𝐶𝐷 + 𝑇𝐷𝐶 420 + 404
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐶𝐷 = = = 412
2 2

Step 3: Tabulate the number of trips for the third estimate.

Estimated
Actual Trip
Zone A B C D Total Trip
Generation
Generated
A 0 414 181 117 712 720
B 414 0 370 0 784 770
C 181 370 0 412 963 980
D 117 0 412 0 529 520
Total 712 784 963 529

Step 4: Determine the growth factor for the fourth estimate.

Estimated Total Actual Trip

Zone Growth Factor
Trip Generated Generation
A 712 720 1.01
B 784 770 0.98
C 963 980 1.02
D 529 520 0.98

720
𝐺𝐴 = = 1.01
712

770
𝐺𝐵 = = 0.98
785

980
𝐺𝐶 = = 1.02
963

520
𝐺𝐷 = = 0.98
529
FOURTH ESTIMATE:

Step 1: Calculate the initial values of trips of each zones using the formula.

𝑡𝑖𝑗 𝐺𝑖
𝑇𝑖𝑗 = (𝑡𝑖 𝐺𝑖 ) ( )
Σ𝑥 𝑡𝑖𝑥 𝐺𝑖𝑥

From Zone A
𝑇𝐴𝐴 = 0

414 ∗ 0.98
𝑇𝐴𝐵 = 712 ∗ 1.01 [ ] = 414
(414 ∗ 0.98) + (181 ∗ 1.02) + (117 ∗ 0.98)

181 ∗ 1.02
𝑇𝐴𝐶 = 712 ∗ 1.01 [ ] = 188
(414 ∗ 0.98) + (181 ∗ 1.02) + (117 ∗ 0.98)

117 ∗ 0.98
𝑇𝐴𝐷 = 712 ∗ 1.01 [ ] = 117
(414 ∗ 0.98) + (181 ∗ 1.02) + (117 ∗ 0.98)

From Zone B
414 ∗ 1.01
𝑇𝐵𝐴 = 784 ∗ 0.98 [ ] = 404
(414 ∗ 1.01) + (371 ∗ 1.02)

𝑇𝐵𝐵 = 0

370 ∗ 1.02
𝑇𝐵𝐶 = 784 ∗ 0.98 [ ] = 364
(414 ∗ 1.01) + (371 ∗ 1.02)

𝑇𝐵𝐷 = 0

From Zone C
181 ∗ 1.01
𝑇𝐶𝐴 = 963 ∗ 1.02 [ ] = 189
(181 ∗ 1.01) + (370 ∗ 0.98) + (412 ∗ 0.98)

370 ∗ 0.98
𝑇𝐶𝐵 = 963 ∗ 1.02 [ ] = 375
(181 ∗ 1.01) + (370 ∗ 0.98) + (412 ∗ 0.98)

𝑇𝐶𝐶 = 0

412 ∗ 0.98
𝑇𝐶𝐷 = 963 ∗ 1.02 [ ] = 418
(181 ∗ 1.01) + (370 ∗ 0.98) + (412 ∗ 0.98)

From Zone D
117 ∗ 1.01
𝑇𝐷𝐴 = 529 ∗ 0.98 [ ] = 114
(117 ∗ 1.01) + (412 ∗ 1.02)

𝑇𝐷𝐵 = 0

412 ∗ 1.02
𝑇𝐷𝐶 = 529 ∗ 0.98 [ ] = 405
(117 ∗ 1.01) + (412 ∗ 1.02)

𝑇𝐷𝐷 = 0
Step 2: Calculate the average values of trip distribution of each pair zones such as T AB and TBA.

From pairs AB
𝑇𝐴𝐵 + 𝑇𝐵𝐴 414 + 404
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴𝐵 = = = 409
2 2
From pairs AC
𝑇𝐴𝐶 + 𝑇𝐶𝐴 188 + 189
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴𝐶 = = = 189
2 2
From pairs AD
𝑇𝐴𝐷 + 𝑇𝐷𝐴 117 + 114
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴𝐷 = = = 116
2 2
From pairs BC
𝑇𝐵𝐶 + 𝑇𝐶𝐵 364 + 375
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐵𝐶 = = = 370
2 2
From pairs CD
𝑇𝐶𝐷 + 𝑇𝐷𝐶 418 + 405
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐶𝐷 = = = 412
2 2

Step 3: Tabulate the number of trips for the fourth estimate.

Estimated
Actual Trip
Zone A B C D Total Trip
Generation
Generated
A 0 409 189 116 714 720
B 409 0 370 0 779 770
C 189 370 0 412 971 980
D 116 0 412 0 528 520
Total 714 779 971 528

Step 4: Determine the growth factor for the fifth estimate.

Estimated Total Actual Trip

Zone Growth Factor
Trip Generated Generation
A 714 720 1.01
B 779 770 0.99
C 971 980 1.01
D 528 520 0.98

720
𝐺𝐴 = = 1.01
714

770
𝐺𝐵 = = 0.99
779

980
𝐺𝐶 = = 1.01
971

520
𝐺𝐷 = = 0.98
528
FIFTH ESTIMATE:

Step 1: Calculate the initial values of trips of each zones using the formula.

𝑡𝑖𝑗 𝐺𝑖
𝑇𝑖𝑗 = (𝑡𝑖 𝐺𝑖 ) ( )
Σ𝑥 𝑡𝑖𝑥 𝐺𝑖𝑥

From Zone A
𝑇𝐴𝐴 = 0

409 ∗ 0.99
𝑇𝐴𝐵 = 714 ∗ 1.01 [ ] = 412
(409 ∗ 0.99) + (189 ∗ 1.01) + (116 ∗ 0.98)

189 ∗ 1.01
𝑇𝐴𝐶 = 714 ∗ 1.01 [ ] = 194
(409 ∗ 0.99) + (189 ∗ 1.01) + (116 ∗ 0.98)

116 ∗ 0.98
𝑇𝐴𝐷 = 714 ∗ 1.01 [ ] = 116
(409 ∗ 0.99) + (189 ∗ 1.01) + (116 ∗ 0.98)

From Zone B
409 ∗ 1.01
𝑇𝐵𝐴 = 779 ∗ 0.99 [ ] = 405
(409 ∗ 1.01) + (370 ∗ 1.01)

𝑇𝐵𝐵 = 0

370 ∗ 1.01
𝑇𝐵𝐶 = 779 ∗ 0.99 [ ] = 366
(409 ∗ 1.01) + (371 ∗ 1.01)

𝑇𝐵𝐷 = 0

From Zone C
189 ∗ 1.01
𝑇𝐶𝐴 = 971 ∗ 1.01 [ ] = 195
(189 ∗ 1.01) + (370 ∗ 0.99) + (412 ∗ 0.98)

371 ∗ 0.99
𝑇𝐶𝐵 = 971 ∗ 1.01 [ ] = 375
(189 ∗ 1.01) + (370 ∗ 0.99) + (412 ∗ 0.98)

𝑇𝐶𝐶 = 0

412 ∗ 0.98
𝑇𝐶𝐷 = 971 ∗ 1.01 [ ] = 412
(189 ∗ 1.01) + (370 ∗ 0.99) + (412 ∗ 0.98)

From Zone D
116 ∗ 1.01
𝑇𝐷𝐴 = 528 ∗ 0.98 [ ] = 114
(116 ∗ 1.01) + (412 ∗ 1.01)

𝑇𝐷𝐵 = 0

412 ∗ 1.01
𝑇𝐷𝐶 = 528 ∗ 0.98 [ ] = 404
(116 ∗ 1.01) + (412 ∗ 1.01)

𝑇𝐷𝐷 = 0
Step 2: Calculate the average values of trip distribution of each pair zones such as T AB and TBA.

From pairs AB
𝑇𝐴𝐵 + 𝑇𝐵𝐴 412 + 405
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴𝐵 = = = 409
2 2
From pairs AC
𝑇𝐴𝐶 + 𝑇𝐶𝐴 194 + 195
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴𝐶 = = = 195
2 2
From pairs AD
𝑇𝐴𝐷 + 𝑇𝐷𝐴 116 + 114
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴𝐷 = = = 115
2 2
From pairs BC
𝑇𝐵𝐶 + 𝑇𝐶𝐵 366 + 375
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐵𝐶 = = = 371
2 2
From pairs CD
𝑇𝐶𝐷 + 𝑇𝐷𝐶 412 + 404
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐶𝐷 = = = 408
2 2

Step 3: Tabulate the number of trips for the fifth estimate.

Estimated
Actual Trip
Zone A B C D Total Trip
Generation
Generated
A 0 409 195 115 719 720
B 409 0 371 0 780 770
C 195 371 0 408 974 980
D 115 0 408 0 523 520
Total 719 780 974 523

Step 4: Determine the growth factor for the sixth estimate.

Estimated Total Actual Trip

Zone Growth Factor
Trip Generated Generation
A 719 720 1.00
B 780 770 0.99
C 974 980 1.01
D 523 520 0.99

720
𝐺𝐴 = = 1.00
719

770
𝐺𝐵 = = 0.99
780

980
𝐺𝐶 = = 1.01
974

520
𝐺𝐷 = = 0.99
523
SIXTH ESTIMATE:

Step 1: Calculate the initial values of trips of each zones using the formula.

𝑡𝑖𝑗 𝐺𝑖
𝑇𝑖𝑗 = (𝑡𝑖 𝐺𝑖 ) ( )
Σ𝑥 𝑡𝑖𝑥 𝐺𝑖𝑥

From Zone A
𝑇𝐴𝐴 = 0

409 ∗ 0.99
𝑇𝐴𝐵 = 719 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 407
(409 ∗ 0.99) + (195 ∗ 1.01) + (115 ∗ 0.99)

195 ∗ 1.01
𝑇𝐴𝐶 = 719 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 198
(409 ∗ 0.99) + (195 ∗ 1.01) + (115 ∗ 0.99)

115 ∗ 0.99
𝑇𝐴𝐷 = 719 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 114
(409 ∗ 0.99) + (195 ∗ 1.01) + (115 ∗ 0.99)

From Zone B
409 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐵𝐴 = 780 ∗ 0.99 [ ] = 403
(409 ∗ 1.00) + (371 ∗ 1.01)

𝑇𝐵𝐵 = 0

371 ∗ 1.01
𝑇𝐵𝐶 = 780 ∗ 0.99 [ ] = 369
(409 ∗ 1.00) + (371 ∗ 1.01)

𝑇𝐵𝐷 = 0

From Zone C
195 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐶𝐴 = 974 ∗ 1.01 [ ] = 199
(195 ∗ 1.00) + (371 ∗ 0.99) + (408 ∗ 0.99)

371 ∗ 0.99
𝑇𝐶𝐵 = 974 ∗ 1.01 [ ] = 374
(195 ∗ 1.00) + (371 ∗ 0.99) + (408 ∗ 0.99)

𝑇𝐶𝐶 = 0

408 ∗ 0.99
𝑇𝐶𝐷 = 974 ∗ 1.01 [ ] = 411
(195 ∗ 1.00) + (371 ∗ 0.99) + (408 ∗ 0.99)

From Zone D
115 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐷𝐴 = 523 ∗ 0.99 [ ] = 113
(115 ∗ 1.00) + (408 ∗ 1.01)

𝑇𝐷𝐵 = 0

408 ∗ 1.01
𝑇𝐷𝐶 = 523 ∗ 0.99 [ ] = 405
(115 ∗ 1.00) + (408 ∗ 1.01)

𝑇𝐷𝐷 = 0
Step 2: Calculate the average values of trip distribution of each pair zones such as T AB and TBA.

From pairs AB
𝑇𝐴𝐵 + 𝑇𝐵𝐴 407 + 403
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴𝐵 = = = 405
2 2
From pairs AC
𝑇𝐴𝐶 + 𝑇𝐶𝐴 198 + 199
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴𝐶 = = = 199
2 2
From pairs AD
𝑇𝐴𝐷 + 𝑇𝐷𝐴 114 + 113
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴𝐷 = = = 114
2 2
From pairs BC
𝑇𝐵𝐶 + 𝑇𝐶𝐵 369 + 374
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐵𝐶 = = = 372
2 2
From pairs CD
𝑇𝐶𝐷 + 𝑇𝐷𝐶 411 + 405
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐶𝐷 = = = 408
2 2

Step 3: Tabulate the number of trips for the sixth estimate.

Estimated
Actual Trip
Zone A B C D Total Trip
Generation
Generated
A 0 405 199 114 718 720
B 405 0 372 0 777 770
C 199 372 0 408 979 980
D 114 0 408 0 522 520
Total 718 777 979 522

Step 4: Determine the growth factor for the seventh estimate.

Estimated Total Actual Trip

Zone Growth Factor
Trip Generated Generation
A 718 720 1.00
B 777 770 0.99
C 979 980 1.00
D 522 520 1.00

720
𝐺𝐴 = = 1.00
718

770
𝐺𝐵 = = 0.99
777

980
𝐺𝐶 = = 1.00
979

520
𝐺𝐷 = = 1.00
522
SEVENTH ESTIMATE:

Step 1: Calculate the initial values of trips of each zones using the formula.

𝑡𝑖𝑗 𝐺𝑖
𝑇𝑖𝑗 = (𝑡𝑖 𝐺𝑖 ) ( )
Σ𝑥 𝑡𝑖𝑥 𝐺𝑖𝑥

From Zone A
𝑇𝐴𝐴 = 0

405 ∗ 0.99
𝑇𝐴𝐵 = 718 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 403
(405 ∗ 0.99) + (199 ∗ 1.00) + (114 ∗ 1.00)

199 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐴𝐶 = 718 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 200
(405 ∗ 0.99) + (199 ∗ 1.00) + (114 ∗ 1.00)

114 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐴𝐷 = 718 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 115
(405 ∗ 0.99) + (199 ∗ 1.00) + (114 ∗ 1.00)

From Zone B
405 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐵𝐴 = 777 ∗ 0.99 [ ] = 401
(405 ∗ 1.00) + (372 ∗ 1.00)

𝑇𝐵𝐵 = 0

372 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐵𝐶 = 777 ∗ 0.99 [ ] = 368
(405 ∗ 1.00) + (372 ∗ 1.00)

𝑇𝐵𝐷 = 0

From Zone C
199 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐶𝐴 = 979 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 200
(199 ∗ 1.00) + (372 ∗ 0.99) + (408 ∗ 1.00)

372 ∗ 0.99
𝑇𝐶𝐵 = 979 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 370
(199 ∗ 1.00) + (372 ∗ 0.99) + (408 ∗ 1.00)

𝑇𝐶𝐶 = 0

408 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐶𝐷 = 979 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 410
(199 ∗ 1.00) + (372 ∗ 0.99) + (408 ∗ 1.00)

From Zone D
114 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐷𝐴 = 522 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 114
(114 ∗ 1.00) + (408 ∗ 1.00)

𝑇𝐷𝐵 = 0

408 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐷𝐶 = 522 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 408
(114 ∗ 1.00) + (408 ∗ 1.00)

𝑇𝐷𝐷 = 0
Step 2: Calculate the average values of trip distribution of each pair zones such as T AB and TBA.

From pairs AB
𝑇𝐴𝐵 + 𝑇𝐵𝐴 403 + 401
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴𝐵 = = = 402
2 2
From pairs AC
𝑇𝐴𝐶 + 𝑇𝐶𝐴 200 + 200
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴𝐶 = = = 200
2 2
From pairs AD
𝑇𝐴𝐷 + 𝑇𝐷𝐴 115 + 114
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴𝐷 = = = 115
2 2
From pairs BC
𝑇𝐵𝐶 + 𝑇𝐶𝐵 368 + 370
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐵𝐶 = = = 369
2 2
From pairs CD
𝑇𝐶𝐷 + 𝑇𝐷𝐶 410 + 408
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐶𝐷 = = = 409
2 2

Step 3: Tabulate the number of trips for the seventh estimate.

Estimated
Actual Trip
Zone A B C D Total Trip
Generation
Generated
A 0 402 200 115 717 720
B 402 0 369 0 771 770
C 200 369 0 409 978 980
D 115 0 409 0 524 520
Total 717 771 978 524

Step 4: Determine the growth factor for the eighth estimate.

Estimated Total Actual Trip

Zone Growth Factor
Trip Generated Generation
A 717 720 1.00
B 771 770 1.00
C 978 980 1.00
D 524 520 0.99

720
𝐺𝐴 = = 1.00
717

770
𝐺𝐵 = = 1.00
771

980
𝐺𝐶 = = 1.00
978

520
𝐺𝐷 = = 0.99
524
EIGHTH ESTIMATE:

Step 1: Calculate the initial values of trips of each zones using the formula.

𝑡𝑖𝑗 𝐺𝑖
𝑇𝑖𝑗 = (𝑡𝑖 𝐺𝑖 ) ( )
Σ𝑥 𝑡𝑖𝑥 𝐺𝑖𝑥

From Zone A
𝑇𝐴𝐴 = 0

402 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐴𝐵 = 717 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 403
(402 ∗ 1.00) + (200 ∗ 1.00) + (115 ∗ 0.99)

200 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐴𝐶 = 717 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 200
(402 ∗ 1.00) + (200 ∗ 1.00) + (115 ∗ 0.99)

115 ∗ 0.99
𝑇𝐴𝐷 = 717 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 114
(402 ∗ 1.00) + (200 ∗ 1.00) + (115 ∗ 0.99)

From Zone B
402 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐵𝐴 = 771 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 402
(402 ∗ 1.00) + (369 ∗ 1.00)

𝑇𝐵𝐵 = 0

369 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐵𝐶 = 771 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 369
(402 ∗ 1.00) + (369 ∗ 1.00)

𝑇𝐵𝐷 = 0

From Zone C
200 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐶𝐴 = 978 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 201
(200 ∗ 1.00) + (369 ∗ 1.00) + (409 ∗ 0.99)

369 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐶𝐵 = 978 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 371
(200 ∗ 1.00) + (369 ∗ 1.00) + (409 ∗ 0.99)

𝑇𝐶𝐶 = 0

409 ∗ 0.99
𝑇𝐶𝐷 = 978 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 407
(200 ∗ 1.00) + (369 ∗ 1.00) + (409 ∗ 0.99)

From Zone D
115 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐷𝐴 = 524 ∗ 0.99 [ ] = 114
(115 ∗ 1.00) + (409 ∗ 1.00)

𝑇𝐷𝐵 = 0

409 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐷𝐶 = 524 ∗ 0.99 [ ] = 405
(115 ∗ 1.00) + (409 ∗ 1.00)

𝑇𝐷𝐷 = 0
Step 2: Calculate the average values of trip distribution of each pair zones such as T AB and TBA.

From pairs AB
𝑇𝐴𝐵 + 𝑇𝐵𝐴 403 + 402
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴𝐵 = = = 403
2 2
From pairs AC
𝑇𝐴𝐶 + 𝑇𝐶𝐴 200 + 201
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴𝐶 = = = 201
2 2
From pairs AD
𝑇𝐴𝐷 + 𝑇𝐷𝐴 114 + 114
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴𝐷 = = = 114
2 2
From pairs BC
𝑇𝐵𝐶 + 𝑇𝐶𝐵 369 + 371
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐵𝐶 = = = 370
2 2
From pairs CD
𝑇𝐶𝐷 + 𝑇𝐷𝐶 407 + 405
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐶𝐷 = = = 406
2 2

Step 3: Tabulate the number of trips for the eighth estimate.

Estimated
Actual Trip
Zone A B C D Total Trip
Generation
Generated
A 0 403 201 114 718 720
B 403 0 370 0 773 770
C 201 370 0 406 977 980
D 114 0 406 0 520 520
Total 718 773 977 520

Step 4: Determine the growth factor for the ninth estimate.

Estimated Total Actual Trip

Zone Growth Factor
Trip Generated Generation
A 718 720 1.00
B 773 770 1.00
C 977 980 1.00
D 520 520 1.00

720
𝐺𝐴 = = 1.00
718

770
𝐺𝐵 = = 1.00
773

980
𝐺𝐶 = = 1.00
977

520
𝐺𝐷 = = 1.00
520
NINTH ESTIMATE:

Step 1: Calculate the initial values of trips of each zones using the formula.

𝑡𝑖𝑗 𝐺𝑖
𝑇𝑖𝑗 = (𝑡𝑖 𝐺𝑖 ) ( )
Σ𝑥 𝑡𝑖𝑥 𝐺𝑖𝑥

From Zone A
𝑇𝐴𝐴 = 0

403 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐴𝐵 = 718 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 403
(403 ∗ 1.00) + (201 ∗ 1.00) + (114 ∗ 1.00)

201 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐴𝐶 = 718 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 201
(403 ∗ 1.00) + (201 ∗ 1.00) + (114 ∗ 1.00)

114 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐴𝐷 = 718 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 114
(403 ∗ 1.00) + (201 ∗ 1.00) + (114 ∗ 1.00)

From Zone B
403 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐵𝐴 = 773 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 403
(403 ∗ 1.00) + (370 ∗ 1.00)

𝑇𝐵𝐵 = 0

370 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐵𝐶 = 773 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 370
(403 ∗ 1.00) + (370 ∗ 1.00)

𝑇𝐵𝐷 = 0

From Zone C
201 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐶𝐴 = 977 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 201
(201 ∗ 1.00) + (370 ∗ 1.00) + (406 ∗ 1.00)

370 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐶𝐵 = 977 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 370
(201 ∗ 1.00) + (370 ∗ 1.00) + (406 ∗ 1.00)

𝑇𝐶𝐶 = 0

406 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐶𝐷 = 977 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 406
(201 ∗ 1.00) + (370 ∗ 1.00) + (406 ∗ 1.00)

From Zone D
114 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐷𝐴 = 520 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 114
(114 ∗ 1.00) + (406 ∗ 1.00)

𝑇𝐷𝐵 = 0

406 ∗ 1.00
𝑇𝐷𝐶 = 520 ∗ 1.00 [ ] = 406
(114 ∗ 1.00) + (406 ∗ 1.00)

𝑇𝐷𝐷 = 0
Step 2: Calculate the average values of trip distribution of each pair zones such as T AB and TBA.

From pairs AB
𝑇𝐴𝐵 + 𝑇𝐵𝐴 403 + 403
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴𝐵 = = = 403
2 2
From pairs AC
𝑇𝐴𝐶 + 𝑇𝐶𝐴 201 + 201
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴𝐶 = = = 201
2 2
From pairs AD
𝑇𝐴𝐷 + 𝑇𝐷𝐴 114 + 114
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐴𝐷 = = = 114
2 2
From pairs BC
𝑇𝐵𝐶 + 𝑇𝐶𝐵 370 + 370
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐵𝐶 = = = 370
2 2
From pairs CD
𝑇𝐶𝐷 + 𝑇𝐷𝐶 406 + 406
̅̅̅̅̅
𝑇𝐶𝐷 = = = 406
2 2

Step 3: Tabulate the number of trips for the ninth estimate.

Estimated
Actual Trip
Zone A B C D Total trip
Generation
Generated
A 0 403 201 114 718 720
B 403 0 370 0 773 770
C 201 370 0 406 977 980
D 114 0 406 0 520 520
Total 718 773 977 520

Step 4: Determine the growth factor for the next estimate.

Estimated Total Actual Trip

Zone Growth Factor
Trip Generated Generation
A 718 720 1.00
B 773 770 1.00
C 977 980 1.00
D 520 520 1.00

720
𝐺𝐴 = = 1.00
718

770
𝐺𝐵 = = 1.00
773

980
𝐺𝐶 = = 1.00
977

520
𝐺𝐷 = = 1.00
520
Step 5: The estimated total trip generated and actual trip generation are almost the same as the given
values and growth factor in each zone is equal to 1. Therefore, try to adjust manually.

Estimated
Actual Trip
Zone A B C D Total Trip
Generation
Generated
A 0 400 205 115 720 720
B 400 0 370 0 770 770
C 205 370 0 405 980 980
D 115 0 405 0 520 520
Total 720 770 980 520

Step 6: Determine the growth factor for the adjusted values.

Estimated Total Actual Trip

Zone Growth Factor
Trip Generated Generation
A 720 720 1.00
B 770 770 1.00
C 980 980 1.00
D 520 520 1.00

720
𝐺𝐴 = = 1.00
720

770
𝐺𝐵 = = 1.00
720

980
𝐺𝐶 = = 1.00
980

520
𝐺𝐷 = = 1.00
520