GOENKA AND ASSOCIATES EDUCATIONAL TRUST

YASHODHAM HIGH SCHOOL AND JUNIOR COLLEGE

STD VIII (2021-2022) SUB: SCIENCE
I UNIT TEST REVISION WORKSHEET ANSWER KEY
TOPIC: LIVING WORLD AND CLASSIFICATION OF MICROBES,
INSIDE THE ATOM
NAME: ____________________________DIV:___ ROLL NO: ____

I. FIL IN THE BLANKS:

1. If the valency of Carbon is 4 and that of Hydrogen is 1, then the

molecular formula of Methane is CH4 .
2. The locomotory organs of Amoeba are pseudopodia.
3. Bacteria reproduce by simple binary fission.
4. The shell wise distribution of the electrons in an atom of an element is
called the electronic configuration.

II. MATCH THE COLUMNS :

Column ‘A’ Column ‘B’

(1) Determine the mass of an atom. Nucleons
(2) Electrically neutral. Atoms
(3) Have same chemical properties Isotopes
but different physical properties.
(4) Number of protons or electrons. Atomic number
(5) Sum of protons and neutrons. Atomic mass number

III. DISTINGUISH BETWEEN:

1. Neutrons and Electrons.

Neutrons
Neutrons are sub atomic particles
which are neutral in nature.
Neutrons are present in the
nucleus and have a mass of 1 unit.
Electrons
Electrons are negatively charged
sub atomic particles
Electrons revolve around the
nucleus and have negligible mass.
 2. Viruses and Bacteria.
Viruses
A virus is a non-cellular infectious
entity that has nucleic acid
surrounded by a protein coat.
Viruses are considered as the
organisms at the edge of living
and non-living.
Viruses are extremely minute i.e.
around 10- 100 nm in size. They
are 10 to 100 times smaller than
bacteria.
Bacteria
Bacteria are prokaryotic cells,
which lack a well-defined nucleus.
The nucleic acid is present in the
cellular region called nucleoid.
The size of bacterial cells may
vary between the range of 1- 10
µm.

IV. GIVE SCIENTIFIC REASONS :

1. All microorganisms are not pathogens.

Ans: Pathogens are the microorganisms that can cause diseases in plants
and animals. E.g. Typhoid, flu, dysentery, tomato wilt etc. However, some
microorganisms are also useful to humans. They are used for preparation of
various food items like cheese, bread, yoghurt etc. Hence, all
microorganisms are not pathogens.

2. All multicellular algae are included in Kingdom Plantae.

Ans: Algal cells are comparatively large ranging from 10-100 µm.
They have well defined nucleus and membrane bound organelles i.e. they
are eukaryotic organisms. The process of photosynthesis is carried out with
the help of chloroplasts present in the cell. So algae can prepare their own
food i.e. they are autotrophic in nutrition. Hence, they are included in
Kingdom Plantae.

3. The atomic mass number of an element is a whole number.

Ans: Atomic mass number is the total number of protons and neutrons
present in the nucleus of an atom. Protons and neutrons are always in
whole numbers, not in fractions. Therefore, atomic mass number of an
element is a whole number.
 4. Sodium vapour lamps are installed in streetlights.
Ans: The electron of sodium absorbs energy while going to the outer shell
and comes back to the inner shell by emitting energy. This energy
corresponds to the energy of yellow light, which happens to be the most
sensitive colour for the human eye. Sodium being reactive and energy
efficient, is widely used in vapour lamps installed in streetlights.

V. ANSWER THE FOLLOWING QUESTIONS:

1. Following listed are the characteristics of few organisms. Identify the
kingdom to which they belong :
Characteristics Kingdom
Unicellular, prokaryotic, motile. Monera
Unicellular, eukaryotic, with hair like Protista
cilia.
Non – green, thread like, with many Fungi
nuclei in the cytoplasm.
Eukaryotic, multicellular, autotrophic, Plantae
with rigid cell wall.

2. State uses of the following isotopes:

a. Iodine-131 - It is used in the treatment of Goitre.
b. Carbon-14 - It is used in the process of carbon dating where the age of
fossils is determined.

3. a. Name the causative agent of malaria.

Ans: Plasmodium vivax.
b. To which Kingdom does this organism belong?
Ans: Phylum Protista
c.State any two characteristics of this Kingdom.
Ans: The characteristics of Kingdom Protista are as follows:
These are unicellular organisms.They are aquatic, found in oceans,
ponds and lakes. They have a well-defined nucleus enclosed in a nuclear
membrane. Few are autotrophic like Euglena, Volvox etc. and few are
heterotrophic like Amoeba and Paramoecium. Locomotion is by
pseudopodia, flagella or cilia. These microbes are motile and irregular in
shape.
4. a. What is the hierarchy for classification of living organisms?
Ans: Kingdom →Division / Phylum →Class → Order→ Family →Genus
→ Species.

b. Who invented ‘binomial system’ of nomenclature?

Ans: ‘Carl Linnaeus’ invented binomial system of nomenclature.

c.Which levels of hierarchy are considered while writing the name in

binomial nomenclature?
Ans: ‘Genus’ and ‘species’ levels of hierarchy are considered while writing
the name in binomial nomenclature.

5. Read the following passage and answer the following questions:

According to Bohr’s atomic model, the negatively charged electrons
revolve in stable shells. These shells have a definite energy level. The shell
nearest to the nucleus is called the first shell. A symbol ‘n’ is used for the
ordinal number of a shell.

a. What are the symbols used for first four shells?

Ans: K, L, M, N… are the symbols used for first four shells.

b. Write the ordinal number (n) corresponding to the first four shells.
Ans: Ordinal number (n) =1, 2, 3, 4

c. State the formula to find the maximum number of electrons that can be
accommodated in each shell.
Ans: Maximum number of electrons in a shell=2n²

d.What happens to the energy level of an electron in a shell as the

magnitude of ‘n’ increases?
Ans: As the magnitude of ‘n’ increases, the energy of an electron in that
shell increases.

e. State any two characteristics of Bohr’s atomic model.

Ans: The characteristics of Bohr’s atomic model are as follows:
i) Electrons revolve in shells.
ii) These shells have a definite energy level.
6. What is the criteria for Whittaker’s Five- kingdom system of
classification?
Ans: Whittaker considered following criteria for this classification:
i. Complexity of cell structure: Prokaryotic and Eukaryotic.
ii. Complexity of organisms: Unicellular or Multicellular.
iii. Mode of nutrition: Plants-Autotrophic, Photosynthetic
Fungi-Saprophytic, Absorption from dead organisms.
Animals-Heterotrophic and ingestive.
iv. Life style: Plants-Producers. Animals-Consumers. Fungi-Decomposers.
v. Phylogenetic relationship: Prokaryotic to Eukaryotic,
unicellular to multicellular.

VI. NAME THE PARTS LABELLED AS A, B, C, D IN THE DIAGRAM

GIVEN BELOW.
Ans: A. Sporangium B. Spores C. Nucleus D. Rhizoids.

VII. DRAW NEAT AND LABELLED DIAGRAM SHOWING ATOMIC

STRUCTURE OF THE FOLLOWING:

A. HELIUM B. SODIUM
 VIII. COMPLETE THE TABLES GIVEN BELOW:

S Sr No Symbol ofM Molecular formulaV Valency of the

element O of compound E element
1 1 H H H HCI 1
2 2 F F H HF 1
3 3 M Mg M MgCl₂ 2
4 4 O O H H₂O 2

S E Element A AtomicE Electronic V Valence V Valency

Sr.No N NumberC ConfigurationE Electrons
(x)
1 1 A Al 1 13 2,8,3 3 3
2 2 N Ne 1 10 2,8 8 0
3 3 B Be 4 4 2,2 2 2
4 4 F F 9 9 2,7 7 1
5 5 N Na 1 11 2,8,1 1 1

IX. IDENTIFY THE ORGANISMS SHOWN BELOW:

Bacteriophage Mushrooms Euglena