URDANETA CITY

UNIVERSITY
Owned and operated by the City Government of Urdaneta

Validity

- degree to which a test measures what it intends to measure or the truthfulness of the
response.

Types of Validity

1. Content Validity – involves systematic administration of the test content to determine if it

covers the representative sample of the behavior domain to be measured. It is commonly
used to assess achievement tests.
2. Concurrent Validity – degree to which the test agrees or correlates with a criterion set up as
an acceptable measure.
3. Predictive Validity – determines by showing how well predictions made from the test are
proven by proof collected at some succeeding time.
4. Construct Validity – test measures a theoretical trait. Involves such test as those of
understanding, appreciation, and interpretation of data.

Reliability

- extent to which a test is consistent and dependable. It is concerned with the consistency or
responses from moment to moment.

Techniques in testing Reliability of Assessment Method

1. Test-retest Method – same test is administered twice to the same group of students and the
correlation coefficient is determined.

Spearman Rank Correlation coefficient (Spearman rho) is a statistical tool used to measure the
relationship between paired ranks assigned to individual scores on two variables, x and y.

6 ∑ 𝐷2
𝑟𝑠 = 1 −
𝑁3 − 𝑁

Steps:

1. Rank the scores of the respondents from highest to lowest in the first set of administration
(X), this will be your Rx.
2. Rank the set of scores for second administration (Y) and mark as Ry.
3. Find the difference for every pair of ranks to get D.
4. Multiply the difference by itself to get D2.
5. Add or total D2 to get ∑ 𝐷 2 .
6. Compute spearman rho using the formula above.

Example 1 https://drive.google.com/file/d/1aGIVIlEbWnllpqWJ74lkJ4MF84fKEfup/view?usp=sharing

Prepared by: Graciane Joy D. De Guzman

 URDANETA CITY
UNIVERSITY
Owned and operated by the City Government of Urdaneta

Parallel Forms Method – administered to a group of students and the paired observation is
correlated. Content, type of test item, difficulty, and instruction for administration are similar but not
identical.

Pearson Product-Moment Correlation Coefficient – statistical tool used to determine the

correlation of parallel forms.

𝑁 ∑ 𝑋𝑌 − (∑ 𝑋)(∑ 𝑌)
𝑟𝑥𝑦 =
√[𝑁 ∑ 𝑋2 − (∑ 𝑋)2 ][𝑁 ∑ 𝑌 2 − (∑ 𝑌)2 ]

Example 2

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1aGIVIlEbWnllpqWJ74lkJ4MF84fKEfup/view?usp=sharing

2. Split-Half Method – administered once, but the test items are divided into two halves. Two
halves of the test must be similar but not identical in content, number of items, difficulty,
means and standard deviations.

2(𝑟ℎ𝑡 )
𝑟𝑤𝑡 =
1 + 𝑟ℎ𝑡

Example 3

https://drive.google.com/file/d/1aGIVIlEbWnllpqWJ74lkJ4MF84fKEfup/view?usp=sharing

Prepared by: Graciane Joy D. De Guzman