6. What is cultural relativism? Why it is not tenable in ethics?

Why should culture not be the ultimate

determinant of values?

 As stated in the Khan Academy. Org, cultural relativism refers to not judging a culture to our
own standards of what is right or wrong, strange or normal. Instead, we should try to
understand cultural practices of other groups in its own cultural context.
 It is not tenable for the reason that we have individual differences. We came from different
places and raves that has different cultures.
 Culture should not be the ultimate determinant of values because culture may varies differently
depending on what culture does an individual or society have.

7. Is there a Filipino understanding of right and wrong? Why its interpretation? What are its influence?

 Through our diverse culture and environment, these can affect our understanding of right and
wrong.
 According to www.loc.org, in European countries they accepted or they have already legalized
divorce, abortion and euthanasia but for us Filipinos as a Christian-religious country life is very
important as stated in Nathan Allen’s blog, an American blogger who claimed that Philippines is
a religious country.
 For example, in our barrio

1. What are moral standards, and how they differ from pother rules of lives? What are moral and
non-moral standards? Explain your answers.
 According to Seven Pillars Institute for Global Finance and Ethics, moral standards is about the
types of actions which we believe to be morally acceptable and morally unacceptable. The
validity of Moral standards comes from the line of reasoning and this standards are not able to
be formed or changed by particular bodies of authority. This only means that moral standards
may vary depending on individuals or society and that our beliefs are deeply influenced by our
own culture and context.
 This, this moral standards are different in the sense that laws gives limit to acceptable conduct
while morality gives an advice for a preferable society (Antonischki G., 2015). In contrast to
moral standards is the non-moral standards in which we judge what is good or bad and right or
wrong in a non-moral way. •Therefore non-moral standards are matters of taste and preference
while moral standards prescribe what humans ought to do in terms of rights and obligations.

4. What is the advantage of owning moral standards (morality and ethics) over merely abiding by
moral standards? Elaborate your answers.

 Moral standards are set of individuals' norms that prescribed like why human ought to do in
terms of rights and obligations. According to Ferenal V.J. (2019), the advantages of owning
moral standards over merely abiding it are related from the significance of ethics itself. Ethics
pertains to on how individuals behave according to a higher standard or simply what individuals
"ought to be".
 Additionally, Theory of Moral Development by Kohlberg emphasized the importance of moral
judgements and moral reasoning towards increasingly just and fair solutions to moral problems.
Therefore, owning a set of morals standards are significant to individuals enable them to
investigate the meaning of life.
 In relation to this, these leads individuals the advantages of knowing their own moral standards
better, building confidence and self-worth, enhancing the ability to understand the standards of
there, to have an efficient and effective relation among others people who possess different set
of moral standards and most importantly, to give themselves the best chance to apply these
moral standards appropriately and significantly.

5. How does culture shapes moral behavior?

 According to lumen Boundless Management, culture reflects the moral values and ethics.
Undeniably, different societies possess different beliefs, norms and standards that deeply
rooted from their own culture and traditions. Usually when people talk about Culture, this
simply serve as an identity for people and it be can easy to identify citizens' culture by examining
his/her behavior and acts
 According to theory of cultural relativism, culture has a big influence in molding or shaping the
moral behavior that an individual or society have and this moral behavior may extend to social
behavior. For the reason the individuals have their own different cultures, clashes among
culture, ethnocentrism, and discrimination occurs. Therefore, culture shapes our moral behavior
because it biases and prejudices morality since individuals or society gives judgements based on
their own culture.
 Thus amidst all these differences, some people learn how to understand and respect other
culture which is what we called cultural relativism.