PROPOSED LESSON PLAN FOR WEEK 9 (3rdTERM 2021/2022)

Subject Biology

Date

Lesson length 40 mins of 3 periods each

Age 13-15 yrs

Class SSI

Number of Learners 14

Type of Learners Mixed

Learning Environment Indoor/Lab.

Aim(s) To enhance learners understanding on terrestrial habitat

Topic Terrestrial habitat

Teaching objective The teacher demonstrates and explains to the students:

the meaning of marsh and forest
the strata in the forest
factors affecting plant and animals in terrestrial habitat
food chain in marsh and forest
formation of marshes

Learning objective By the end of the lesson, the students will be able to:

correlate the effect of rainfall or any other source of water and

evaporation o the changes in the marsh

differentiate between a forest and a marsh

state the types of marshes

describe the formation of marshes

construct food chain in marshes and forest habitat

Anticipation Students have already learnt terrestrial habitat

progression Continue with the lesson

Reference Extension Biology for Senior Secondary Schools

Essential Biology for Senior Secondary Schools

Teaching Aid(s) A video on illustrating marshes and forest

Step 1: Entry behaviour: The teacher begins the lesson by projecting a video illustrating marshes and
forest

Step 2: Terrestrial habitat

Terrestrial habitat refers to life on land. It is divided into four groups;

Marsh

Rain forest

Savannah

Arid land

Most of these habitat are shown in the map of Africa indicating vegetation below;

Marshes

Marsh habitat is defined as a lowland habitat which is usually flooded or water logged all the time. It is also
called a swamp.

Factors affecting plant and animals in a terrestrial habitat

Abiotic factors that affects plants and animals are;

 Inorganic compounds

Sunlight

Altitude

Wind

Ph

Lightening

Effects of abiotic factors affecting terrestrial habitat

Temperature

High temperature leads to high transpiration rate

High rate of metabolism in animals

High rate of decay of organic matter

At low temperature, animals hibernate.

Formation of marshes

Marshes occurs in areas of lowlands and where drainage is poor, these areas include flood plains of rivers and
river mouth with extensive deltas. Marshes may develop as aresult of water overflowing its bank to accumulate
on the adjoining coastal or lowland area.

Types of marshes

Fresh water marshes; it occurs on land, just beyond the limit of salt water marshes and beyond the areas
influenced by tide.in this area , fresh water from river overflows the river banks to the flood adjoining
low lands resulting in the formation of fresh water marshes.

Salt water marshes; t occur along the costal areas and they are influenced by tides, because the water
along the coast is salty, it mix up with fresh water fr5om rivers to form brackish water.

Characteristics of marsh

Nature of soil; soil is wet, soft, waterlogged and poorly aerated

Lowland habitat; lowland which enhances flooding

High flooding
 Presence of stagnant water

Presence of organic matter

High rate of organic decomposition

Plants and animals found in marshes are;

Algae, water lillies, birds, barnacles, frogs, segdes, fishes, bloody clam , mud skippers, mangrove crab etc

Food chain in marshes

Flowering plants ------- Insects ------- Frogs------- Crocodiles

Detritus ------- Worms ------ Fishes

Humus ------ Earthworms ------- Frogs --------- Snakes

Factors affecting marsh habitat

Rainfall

Temperature

Light

Relative humidity

Salinity

Forest habitat

A forest is an extensive community of plants dominated by tall trees.

Characteristic of forest

Presence of broad leaves

Presence of buttress roots

Existence of canopies

Presence of tall trees

Presence of epiphytes

Presence of fallen leaves on ground

Interactive pattern Individual/pairing

Cross curricular link Agriculture : Ecosystem

On-going Assessment How do energy living organisms carry out energy transformation?

Why is energy lost in the ecosystem?

Define Energy loss

Biblical principle Genesis : 1-24 Then God said, Let the earth bring forth living creatures after
their kind. Cattle and creeping things , and it was so.

Organisation Whole class /individual activity.

Differentiation Further explanation for the up and coming, extra work for the highfliers

Evaluation correlate the effect of rainfall or any other source of water and
evaporation o the changes in the marsh

differentiate between a forest and a marsh

state the types of marshes

Outcome

Reflection

Summary

Conclusion

Homework