THIN-WALLED

CYLINDER
STRESS
By equilibrium condition:
P = 2F
P= p·D·L
(resultant force of uid
pressure)
F = σ · A [ A = t · L; σ = F / A]
pDL = 2 σ · t·L
⸫ σ = pD / 2t
p = internal uid pressure
t = wall thickness
By equilibrium condition:
P=F
P = p · π · D2 / 4
(resultant force of uid
pressure)
p·π·D2/4 = σ · (π·D·t)
F=σ·A ⸫ σ = pD / 4t
[ A = π· D · t ; σ = F / A p = internal uid pressure
] t = wall thickness
 PROBLEM 140
The tank shown is fabricated from a steel plate. Determine
the minimum thickness of plate which may be used if the
stress is limited to 40 MPa and the internal pressure is 1.5 MPa.
D = 400 mm, w = 600
mm
You should get three
values of “t”,
write all of them…
which must be
chosen?
 PROBLEM 140

“t” required by:

P1, t = 5.58mm
P1 P2, t = 7.50mm
P2
P3 P3, t = 18.75mm
⸫ t = 18.75mm
PROBLEM 133

A cylindrical steel pressure vessel 400 mm in diameter with a wall

thickness of 20 mm, is subjected to an internal pressure of 4.5 MPa .
(a) Calculate the tangential and longitudinal stresses in the steel.
(b) To what value may the internal pressure be increased if the
stress in the steel is limited to 120 MPa ?
(c) If the internal pressure were increased until the vessel burst,
sketch the type of fracture that would occur.

a) σT = 45MPa, σL = 22.5MPa, b) p = 12MPa,

c) show fracture along longitudinal seam/joint/section
 PROBLEM 139
The tank shown is fabricated from 10-mm steel plate.
Determine the maximum longitudinal and circumferential
stresses caused by an internal pressure of 1.2 MPa.
D = 400 mm, w = 600
mm

σ = 17.9 MPa, 60 MPa