SYJC

Ch. 2
Reproduction in Lower and Higher
Animals
Unit 2.11 – Reproductive Health
Unit 2.13 – STDs

Firdous Ansari (Asst. Teacher)

Biology Dept. (Jr. College)
Mithibai College
 Unit 2.11 – Reproductive Health

Reproductive health: total well being in all aspects of

reproduction – physical, emotional, social and behavioral
aspect.
Reproductive healthy society: Members normal and healthy
in all sex related aspects.
India
Initiated action plans and programmes at a national level to improve
Biology Dept.Reproductive health
Firdous Ansari (Asst. Teacher)
(Jr. College)
Mithibai College
 Unit 2.11 – Reproductive Health

Reproductive and Child Health (RCH) Programmes – Goals

• To create awareness among people about various aspects related to

reproduction.
• To provide the facilities to people to understand and build up reproductive
health.
• To provide support for building up a reproductively healthy society.
• To bring about a change mainly in three critical health indicators i.e. reducing
total infertility rate, infant mortality rate and maternal mortality rate.
Firdous Ansari (Asst. Teacher)
Biology Dept. (Jr. College)
Mithibai College
 Unit 2.11 – Reproductive Health

Goals of RCH can be achieved by:

• Introduction of sex education in schools.
• Create awareness with the help of audio- visual and the print media, government
and non- government organizations .
• Educating the younger generation.
• By developing awareness about problems.
• By creating awareness about statutory ban on amniocentesis for sex
determination.
• By creating awareness about child immunization programmes .
• By educating couples.
Firdous Ansari (Asst. Teacher)
Biology Dept. (Jr. College)
Mithibai College
 Unit 2.13 – Sexually Transmitted disease

Sexually Transmitted Disease (STDs)

Venereal Diseases (VDs)
Reproductive Tract Infections (RTI)

Diseases transmitted through sexual intercourse

Firdous Ansari (Asst. Teacher)

Biology Dept. (Jr. College)
Mithibai College
 Unit 2.13 – Sexually Transmitted disease
1. Syphilis
Causative agent:
Treponema pallidum
(Bacteria)

Infection site
Mucous membrane in genital, rectal
and oral region.

Incubation Time Treatment

3 – 4 weeks Antibiotic - Penicillin

Firdous Ansari (Asst. Teacher)

Biology Dept. (Jr. College)
Mithibai College
 Unit 2.13 – Sexually Transmitted disease
1. Syphilis
Symptoms:
• Primary Lesion - Chancre at site of
Infection.
• Rashes on skin
• Fever
• Inflamed joints
• Loss of hair
• Paralysis
• Degenerative changes in heart and brain
Firdous Ansari (Asst. Teacher)
Biology Dept. (Jr. College)
Mithibai College
 Unit 2.13 – Sexually Transmitted disease
2. Gonorrhea
Causative agent:
Neisseria gonorrhea
(Bacteria)

Infection site
Mucous membrane of urinogenital tract,
rectum, throat and eye.
Incubation Time Treatment
Male: 2 – 14 days Antibiotic – Cefixime
Female: 7 to 21 days
Firdous Ansari (Asst. Teacher)
Biology Dept. (Jr. College)
Mithibai College
 Unit 2.13 – Sexually Transmitted disease
2. Gonorrhea
Symptoms:

Males Females
• Partial blockage of urethra and • Pelvic inflammation of urinary tract.
reproductive ducts. • Sterility
• Pus from penis. • Arthritis
• Pain and burning sensation during • Gonococcal ophthalmia – children
urination. born to affected mother
• Arthritis • Gonococcal vulvovaginitis – girls
before puberty.
Firdous Ansari (Asst. Teacher)
Biology Dept. (Jr. College)
Mithibai College
 Unit 2.13 – Sexually Transmitted disease

Preventive measures:
• Education about proper sexual practices.
• Maintaining sexual hygiene.
• Using Condom during coitus.
• Avoiding Sex with multiple or unknown partners.

Firdous Ansari (Asst. Teacher)

Biology Dept. (Jr. College)
Mithibai College ----------The End----------