Eklavya NDA (1) 2024

Chapter: Binomial Theorem

LWS OFFLINE QUESTION
1. The co-efficient of 𝑥 in the expansion of
7
7. The co-efficient of 𝑥 7 in the expansion of
𝑥2 2
9 (1 − 𝑥 4 )(1 + 𝑥)9 is.
( 2 − 𝑥) is.
(a) 27 (b) -24
(a) – 56 (b) 14 (c) 48 (d) -48
(c) -14 (d) None of these
8. The sum of the co- efficient in the
2. The co-efficient of 𝑥 𝑛 in the expansion expansion of (1 − 𝑥)10 is.
of (1 + 𝑥)2𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (1 + 𝑥)2𝑛−1 are in the (a) 0 (b) 1
ratio. (c) 102 (d) 1024
(a) 1: 2 (b) 1: 3
9. If the absolute term in the expansion of
(c) 3: 1 (d) 2: 1 𝑘 10
3. The coefficient of 𝑥 99 in (𝑥 + 1)(𝑥 + 3)(𝑥 + (√𝑥 − 𝑥 2 ) is 405, then 𝑘 is equal to.
5) … (𝑥 + 199) is. (a) ± 1 (b) ± 2
(a) 1 + 2 + 3 + ⋯ + 99 (c) ± 3 (d) None of these
(b) 1 + 3 + 5 + ⋯ + 199 10. If (1 + 𝑥)𝑛 = ∑𝑛𝑟=0 𝐶𝑟 𝑥 𝑟 , then (1 + 𝐶1) (1 +
𝐶

(c) 1. 3. 5 … … . . 199 𝐶2 𝐶
0

(d) None of these 𝐶1

) … … . (1 + 𝐶 𝑛 ) =
𝑛−1
4. The coefficient of 𝑥 17 in the expansion of (a)
𝑛𝑛−1
(b)
(𝑛+1)𝑛−1
(𝑛−1) ! (𝑛−1) !
(𝑥 − 1)(𝑥 − 2)(𝑥 − 3) … . . (𝑥 − 18) is.
(𝑛+1)𝑛 (𝑛+1)𝑛+1
(a) 342 (b) -171 (c) 𝑛 !
(d) 𝑛!
171
(c)
2
(d) 684 11. The term independent of 𝑥 in the
12
5. The value of 13C2 + 13C3 + 13C4 +……..+ expansion of (2𝑥 − 2𝑥 2 )
1
is.
13C13 is
(a) −12C32 (b) −12C52
6 2
(a) 2 − 13
13
(c) C6
12 (d) 12C424
(b) 213 − 14
12. If (1 + 𝑥)𝑛 = 𝐶0 + 𝐶1 𝑥 + 𝐶2 𝑥 2 + ⋯ + 𝐶𝑛 𝑥 𝑛 ,
(c) an odd number ≠ 213 − 12
then 𝐶02 + 𝐶12 + ⋯ + 𝐶𝑛2 are equal to.
(d) an even number ≠ 213 − 14
(a) 2nCn (b) 2nCn-1
6. The power of 𝑥 occurring in the 7th term (c) 2n+1Cn (d) 2n-1Cn
4𝑥 8 9
𝐶
in the expansion of ( 5 − 5𝑥) is. 13. If (1 + 𝑥)𝑛 = 𝐶0 + 𝐶1 𝑥 + ⋯ 𝐶𝑛 𝑥 𝑛 , then 𝐶1 +
0
(a) 3 (b) -3 2.𝐶2 3.𝐶3 𝑛.𝐶
+ + ⋯ 𝑛 is.
(c) 5 (d) -5 𝐶1 𝐶2 𝐶𝑛−1
2𝑛 (𝑛+1)𝑛 𝑛(𝑛−1) 𝑛(𝑛+1)
(a) ⌊𝑛
(b) ⌊𝑛
(c) 2 (d) 2

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14. The middle term in the expansion of (b)
(2𝑛+2) !
𝑛 !(𝑛+1)!
(1 + 𝑥) is:2𝑛
(2𝑛) !
(a) 2nCn (b) 2nC 𝑛+1 (c)
n+1𝑥 (𝑛 (𝑛+1))!
1.3.5….(2𝑛−1) 𝑛 𝑛 (2𝑛+2) !
(c) 2nC
n-1𝑥
𝑛−1
(d) 𝑛!
.2 𝑥 . (d) 2
((𝑛+1)!)
15. The total number of terms in the 22. If the sum of odd terms of (𝑥 + 𝑎)𝑛
expansion of (𝑥 + 𝑦) 100
+ (𝑥 − 𝑦) 100
after where 𝑛 ∈ 𝑁, is P and the sum of the
simplification is even terms is Q, then the value of 𝑃2 −
(a) 50 (b) 51 𝑄 2 will be
(c) 202 (d) None of these (a) (𝑥 2 − 𝑎2 )𝑛
(b) (𝑎2 − 𝑥 2 )𝑛
(c)(𝑥 2 + 𝑎2 )𝑛
(d) (𝑥 + 𝑎)2𝑛 − (𝑥 − 𝑎)2𝑛
23. If 2nd , 3rd and 4th terms in the
expansion of (𝑥 + 𝑎)𝑛 are 240, 720 and
1080 respectively, then the value of 𝑛 is.
(a) 20 (b) 15
(c) 10 (d) 5
24. The number of non-zero terms in the
9 9
expansion of [(1 + 3 √2 𝑥) +(1 − 3 √2 𝑥) ]
16. The fifth term from the end in the is:
𝑥3 2
12 (a) 9 (b) 10
expansion of ( 2 − 𝑥 2 ) is.
(c) 5 (d) None of these
7920 7920
(a) (b) − 3 6
𝑥4 𝑥4 25. The coefficient of 𝑥 3 in (√𝑥 5 + √𝑥 3) is.
(c) 7220 𝑥 −4 (d) −7220 𝑥 4
(a) 0 (b) 120
17. The co-efficient of 𝑥 6 in the expansion (c) 420 (d) 540
of (1 + 𝑥 + 𝑥 2 )−3 is.
26. The number of terms which are free
(a) 5 (b) 4
from factional powers in the expansion
(c) 3 (d) 6 45
of (𝑎1/5 + 𝑏 2/3 ) , 𝑎 ≠ 𝑏 is
18. In the expansion of (1 + 3𝑥 + 2𝑥 2 )6, the
co-efficient of 𝑥 11 is. (a) 9 (b) 15
(a) 144 (b) 288 (c) 4 (d) None of these
(c) 216 (d) 576 27. The term independent of 𝑥 in the
𝑥+1 𝑥−1 10
19. The co-efficient of 𝑥 2 in the expansion expansion of (𝑥 2/3 −𝑥 1/3 +1 − 𝑥−𝑥 1/2 )
1
of (1 + 4𝑥 + 𝑥 2 )2 is. is.
(a) -3 (b) -2 (a) 120 (b) 4
(c) 2 (d) None of these (c) 210 (d) 310
20. If in the expansion of (3 + 2) , the co-
𝑥 𝑛 28. In the coefficients of 𝑟𝑡ℎ, (𝑟 +
1)𝑡ℎ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (𝑟 + 2)𝑡ℎ terms in the binomial
efficient of 𝑥 7 , 𝑥 8 are equal, then 𝑛 =
expansion of (1 + 𝑦)𝑛 are in A.P., then
(a) 44 (b) 48
𝑛 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑟 satisfy the equation
(c) 52 (d) 55
(a) 𝑛2 − 𝑛(4𝑟 + 1) + 4𝑟 2 − 2 = 0
21. The greatest co-efficient in the
(b) 𝑛2 − 𝑛(4𝑟 − 1) + 4𝑟 2 + 2 = 0
expansion of (1 + 𝑥)2𝑛+2 is.
2𝑛 !
(c) 𝑛2 − 𝑛(4𝑟 − 1) + 4𝑟 2 − 2 = 0
(a) (d) 𝑛2 − 𝑛(4𝑟 + 1) + 4𝑟 2 + 2 = 0
(𝑛 !)2

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 3√𝑥 5
13𝑛 (c) 10 (d) 11
29. If the expansion of ( − 2𝑥 𝑥)
7 √ 5. If 𝑡1 is the 𝑟𝑡ℎ term in the expansion of
contains a terms independent of 𝑥 , then 𝑡20
(1 + 𝑥)101, then what is the ratio equal
𝑛should be a multiple of 𝑡19

(a) 10 (b) 5 to? [2008-I]

20𝑥
(c) 6 (d) 4 (a) 19
(b) 83 𝑥
30. The term independent of 𝑥 in the (c) 19 𝑥 (d)
83𝑥
8 19
1
expansion of (2 𝑥 1/3 + 𝑥 −1/5 ) is. 6. What is the value of 8C0 -8C1 +8C2 -8C3
(a) 11 (b) 10 +8C4 -8C5 +8C6 -8C7 +8C8[2008-II]
(c) 8 (d) 7 (a) 0 (b) 1
31. 26C0 + 26C1 + 26C2 +…..+ 26C13 is equal (c) 2 (d) 28
to 7. What is the term independent of 𝑥 in the
9
(a) 225 3𝑥 2 1
expansion of (1 + 𝑥 + 2𝑥 3 ) ( − )
1 2 3𝑥
(b) 225 + (26C13) ?[2009-I]
2
1 26
(c) 2 + 2( C13)
13 (a) 1/3
1 (b) 17/54
(d) 213 − 2(26C13)
(c) 1/4
32. The remainder when 599 is divided by (d) No such term exists in the expansion
13, is. 8. What is the coefficient of 𝑥 4 in the
(a) 6 (b) 8 expansion of (1 + 2𝑥 + 3𝑥 2 + 4𝑥 3 + ⋯ )1/2 ?
(c) 9 (d) 10 [2009-II]
BRAIN BOOSTER PYQs (a) 1/4 (b) 1/16
1. What is the coefficient of 𝑥 3 in (c) 1 (d) 1/128
(3−2𝑥)
(1+3𝑥)3
?[2006-I] 9. Consider the following
(a) -272 (b) -540 statements.[2009-II]
(c) -870 (d) -918 I. The coefficient of the middle term in
2. What is the coefficient of 𝑥 5 in the the expansion of (1 + 𝑥)8 is equal to the
1 8
expansion (1 − 2𝑥 + 3𝑥 2 − 4𝑥 3 + middle term of (𝑥 + 𝑥) .
⋯ ∞)−5 ?[2007-I] II. The coefficient of the middle term in
(a) (10 !)/(5!)2 the expansion of (1 + 𝑥)8 is less than the
(b) 5−5 coefficient of the fifth term in the
(c) 55 expansion of (1 + 𝑥)7 .
(d) 10 !/{(6!)(4!)} which of the above statement is/are
3. What is the middle term in the correct?
12
expansion of (
𝑥√𝑦 3
− 𝑦 𝑥) ? (a) I only
3 √
(b) II only
[2007-I]
(c) Both I and II
(a) 𝐶(12, 7)𝑥 3 𝑦 −3
(d) Neither I nor II
(b) 𝐶(12, 6)𝑥 −3 𝑦 3
10. What is the coefficient of 𝑥 4 in the
(c) 𝐶(12, 7)𝑥 −3 𝑦 3
1−𝑥 2
(d) 𝐶(12, 6)𝑥 3 𝑦 −3 expansion of (1+𝑥) ?[2010-II]
4. After simplification, what is the number (a) -16 (b) 16
of terms in the expansion of [(3𝑥 + (c) 8 (d) -8
𝑦)5 ]4 − [(3𝑥 − 𝑦)4 ]5 ?[2007-II]
(a) 4 (b) 5
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11. What is the number of terms in the a positive integer, the sum of the
expansion of (𝑎 + 𝑏 + 𝑐)𝑛 . 𝑛 ∈ 𝑁 ?[2010-II] coefficients of 𝑥 5 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 10 is 0.[NDA & NA
(a) 𝑛 + 1 (b) 𝑛 + 2 2014(I)]
(c) 𝑛(𝑛 + 1) (d)
(𝑛+1)(𝑛+2) 20. What is 𝑛 equal to ?
2
(a) 5 (b) 10
12. What is the coefficient of 𝑥 17 in the
9 (c) 15 (d) N.O.T
𝑥3
expansion of (3𝑥 − 6
) ?[2010-II]
(a) 189/8 (b) 567/2
(c) 21/16 (d) N.O.T
13. What is the ratio of coefficient of 𝑥 15 to
the term independent of 𝑥 𝑖𝑛 (𝑥 2 +
2 15
𝑥
) ?[2011-II]
(a) 1/64 (b) 1/32
(c) 1/16 (d) 1/4
14. For all 𝑛 ∈ 𝑁, 24𝑛 − 15𝑛 − 1 is divisible
by [2011-II]
(a) 125 (b) 225 21. What is the value of the independent
(c) 450 (d) N.O.T term?
15. In the expansion of [1 + 𝑥]𝑛 , what is the (a) 5005 (b) 7200
sum of even binomial coefficients?[2012- (c) -5005 (d) -7200
I] 22. If 𝐶(28, 2𝑟) = 𝐶(28, 2𝑟 − 4), then what is
(a) 2𝑛 (b) 2𝑛−1 𝑟 equal to?[2014-II]
(c) 2𝑛+1 (d) N.O.T (a) 7 (b) 8
16. The value of the term independent of x (c) 12 (d) 16
1 9 Direction (Q.NO. 10 to 14)
in the expansion of (𝑥 2 − 𝑥) is: 1 15
Consider the expansion (𝑥 2 + 𝑥) . [NDA
[2012-I]
(a) 9 (b) 18 & NA 2014(II)]
(c) 48 (d) 84 23. What is the independent term in the
Directions (Q.NO. 22-24 ) for the next given expansion?
three (03) items that follow (a) 2103 (b) 3003
Given that 𝐶(𝑛, 𝑟): 𝐶(𝑛, 𝑟 + 1) = (c) 4503 (d) N.O.T
1: 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐶 (𝑛, 𝑟 + 1): 𝐶(𝑛, 𝑟 + 2) = 2: 3[2014- 24. What is the ratio of coefficient of 𝑥 15 to
I] the term independent of 𝑥 in the given
17. What is 𝑛 equal to? expansion? [NDA & NA 2014(II)]
(a) 11 (b) 12 (a) 1 (b) ½
(c) 13 (d) 14 (c) 2/3 (d) ¾
18. What is 𝑟 equal to ? 25. Consider the following statements:
(a) 2 (b) 3 [NDA & NA 2014(II)]
(c) 4 (d) 5 1. There are 15 terms in the given
19. What is 𝑃(𝑛, 𝑟): 𝐶(𝑛, 𝑟) equal to ? expansion.
(a) 6 (b) 24 2. The coefficient of 𝑥 12 is equal to that
(c) 120 (d) 720 of 𝑥 3 .
Direction: Which of the above statements is/are
1 𝑛 correct?
In the expansion of (𝑥 3 − 𝑥 2 ) , where 𝑛 is
(a) 1 only
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 (b) 2 only (1 + 𝑥)2𝑛 𝑏𝑒𝛼and those of two middle
(c) Both 1 and 2 terms of the binomial expansion of
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 (1 + 𝑥)2𝑛−1 𝑏𝑒 𝛽 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝛾 which one of the
26. Consider the following statements: following relations is correct?[2018-II]
[NDA & NA 2014(II)] (a) 𝛼 > 𝛽 + 𝛾(b) 𝛼 < 𝛽 + 𝛾
1. The term containing 𝑥 2 does not exist (c)𝛼 = 𝛽 + 𝛾(d) 𝛼 = 𝛽𝛾
in the given expansion. 34. What is the number of terms in the
2. The sum of the coefficients of all the expansion of [(2𝑥 − 3𝑦)2 (2𝑥 +
terms in the given expansion is 215 . 3𝑦)2 ]2 ?[2019-I]
Which of the above statements is/are (a) 4 (b) 5
correct? (c) 8 (d) 16
(a) 1 only 35. In the expansion of (1 + 𝑎𝑥)𝑛 , the first
(b) 2 only three terms are respectively 1,
(c) Both 1 and 2 12 𝑥 𝑎𝑛𝑑 64 𝑥 2 . What is 𝑛 equal to?
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 [NDA & NA 2019(I)]
27. What is the sum of the coefficients of (a) 6 (b) 9
the middle terms in the given (c) 10 (d) 12
expansion? [NDA & NA 2014(II)] 36. The term independent of 𝑥 in the
(a) 𝐶(15, 9) (b) 𝐶(16, 9) 2 10
binomial expansion of (𝑥 2 − √𝑥) is
(c) 𝐶(16, 8) (d) N.O.T
1 10 equal to: [NDA & NA (II) 2020]
28. In the expansion of (√𝑥 + 2 ) the (a) 180(b) 120
3𝑥
value of constant term (independent of 𝑥) (c) 90(d) 72
is : [NDA & NA 2015 (II)] 37. What is the sum of the last five
(a) 5 (b) 8 coefficients in the expansion of (1 + 𝑥)9
(c) 45 (d) 90 when it is expanded in ascending powers
29. What is 47C4 + 51C3 +∑5𝑗=2 52-jC3 is equal of 𝑥 ? [NDA & NA (II) 2020]
to ?[2016-II] (a) 256 (b) 512
(a) 52C4 (b) 51C5 (c) 1024 (d) 2048
(c) 53C4 (d) 52C5 38. What is the coefficient of the middle
30. In the expansion of (1 + 𝑥)50 , the sum term in the expansion of (1 + 4𝑥 +
of the coefficients of odd power of 𝑥 is. 4𝑥 2 )5 ?[NDA & NA 2021(I)]
[2017-II] (a) 8064 (b) 4032
(a) 226 (b) 249 (c) 2016 (d) 1008
(c) 250 (d) 251 39. How many terms are therein the
(2𝑛−1)3𝑎 +𝑏 21
𝑎2 𝑏2
31. If 1.3 + 2. 32 + 3. 33 + ⋯ 𝑛. 3𝑛 = 3
expansion of (𝑏2 + 𝑎2 + 2) where a ≠
then 𝑎 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑏 are respectively. [2017-II] 0, 𝑏 ≠ 0 ?[ NDA & NA (II) Dec, 2021]
(a) 𝑛 , 2 (b) 𝑛, 3 (a) 21 (b) 22
(c) 𝑛 + 1, 2 (d) 𝑛 + 1 ,3 (c) 42 (d) 43
32. If 𝑛 ∈ 𝑁, 𝑡ℎ𝑒𝑛 121𝑛 − 25𝑛 + 1900𝑛 − (−4)𝑛 40. Consider the expansion of (1 + 𝑥)𝑛 Let
is divisible by which one of the following 𝑝, 𝑞, 𝑟 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑠 be the coefficients of first,
?[2018-I] second, 𝑛𝑡ℎ 𝑎𝑛𝑑 (𝑛 + 1)𝑡ℎ terms
(a) 1904 (b) 2000 respectively. What is (𝑝𝑠 + 𝑞𝑟) equal to?[
(c) 2002 (d) 2006 [NDA & NA (II) Dec, 2021]
33. Let the coefficient of the middle term of (a) 1 + 2𝑛(b) 1 + 2𝑛2
the binomial expansion of (c) 1 + 𝑛2 (d) 1 + 4𝑛
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41. Consider the following statements in
respect of the expansion of (𝑥 + 𝑦)10 : 45. What is ∑𝑛𝑟=0 2𝑟 𝐶(𝑛, 𝑟) equal to? [NDA
1. Among all the coefficient of the 2022-II]
terms, the coefficient of the 6th term (a) 2𝑛 (b) 3𝑛
has the highest value. (c) 22𝑛 (d) 32𝑛
2. the coefficient of the 3rd term is Consider the following for the next
equal to coefficient of the 9th term three (03) items that follow:
Which of the above statements is/are Consider the binomial expansion of
correct? [NDA 2022 I] (𝑝 + 𝑞𝑥)9 . [NDA 2022 II]
(a) 1 only 46. What is the value of 𝑞 if the
(b) 2 only coefficients of 𝑥 3 and 𝑥 6 are equal?
(c) Both 1 and 2 (a) 𝑝 (b) 9𝑝
(d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c)
1
(d) 𝑝2
𝑝
47. What is the ratio of the coefficients of
middle terms in the expansion (when
expanded in ascending powers of 𝑥)?

(a) 𝑝𝑞 (b) 𝑝/𝑞

(c) 4𝑝/5𝑞 (d) 1/(𝑝𝑞)
48. Under what condition the coefficients
of 𝑥 2 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑥 4 are equal
(a) 𝑝; 𝑞 = 7: 2
(b) 𝑝2 : 𝑞 2 = 7: 2
(c) 𝑝: 𝑞 = 2: 7
42. If 𝐶(3𝑛, 2𝑛) = 𝐶(3𝑛, 2𝑛 − 7), then what is
(d) 𝑝2 : 𝑞 2 = 2: 7
the value of 𝐶(𝑛, 𝑛 − 5)? [NDA 2022
49. If the sixth term in the binomial
I] 8
8
(a) 42 (b) 35 expansion of (𝑥 −3 + 𝑥 2 log10 𝑥) is
(c) 28 (d) 21 5600, then what is the value of 𝑥?
43. What is the value of 𝐶(51,21) − [2023-I]
𝐶(51,22) + 𝐶(51,23) − 𝐶(51,24) + (a) 6 (b) 8
𝐶(51,25) − 𝐶(51,26) + 𝐶(51,27) − (c) 9 (d) 10
𝐶(51,28) + 𝐶(51,29) − 𝐶(51,30)? [NDA 50. How many terms are there in the
2022 I] expansion of (3𝑥 − 𝑦)4 (𝑥 + 3𝑦)4 ?
(a) 𝐶(51,25) [2023-I]
(b) 𝐶(51,27) (a) 9 (b) 12
(c) 𝐶(51,51) − 𝐶(51,0) (c) 15 (d) 17
(d) 𝐶(51,25) − 𝐶(51,27) 51. Consider the following statements for
1 2𝑛 a fixed natural number 𝑛:
44. In the expansion of (𝑥 + 𝑥) . what is
1. 𝐶(𝑛, 𝑟) is greatest if 𝑛 = 2𝑟
the (𝑛 + 1)𝑡ℎ term from the end (when 2. 𝐶(𝑛, 𝑟) is greatest if 𝑛 = 2𝑟 −
arranged in descending powers of 𝑥)? 1 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑛 = 2𝑟 + 1
[NDA 2022 I] Which of the statements given above
(a) 𝐶(2𝑛, 𝑛)𝑥 is/are correct? [2023-I]
(b) 𝐶(2𝑛, 𝑛 − 1)𝑥 (a) 1 only
(c) 𝐶(2𝑛, 𝑛) (b) 2 only
(d) 𝐶(2𝑛, 𝑛 − 1) (c) Both 1 & 2
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 (d) Neither 1 nor 2 (c) 2𝑛 (d) 𝑛2𝑛−1
Consider the following for the next 53. What is 1 − 𝑇1 + 2𝑇2 − 3𝑇3 + ⋯ +
three (03) items that follow: (−1)𝑛 𝑛𝑇𝑛 equal to?
Let (1 + 𝑥)𝑛 = 1 + 𝑇1 𝑥 + 𝑇2 𝑥 2 + 𝑇3 𝑥 3 + (a) 0 (b) −2𝑛−1
⋯ + 𝑇𝑛 𝑥 𝑛 . [2023-II] (c) 2𝑛𝑛−1 (d) 1
52. What is 𝑇1 + 2𝑇2 + 3𝑇3 +…+𝑛𝑇𝑛 equal 54. What is 𝑇1 + 𝑇2 + 𝑇3 + ⋯ + 𝑇𝑛 equal to?
to? (a) 2𝑛 (b) 2𝑛 − 1
(a) 0 (b) 1 (c) 2𝑛−1 (d) 2𝑛 + 1

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 Answer keys:[LWS Offline]
1. D 9. C 17. C 25. D
2. D 10. C 18. D 26. C
3. B 11. D 19. D 27. C
4. B 12. A 20. D 28. A
5. B 13. D 21. D 29. D
6. B 14. D 22. A 30. D
7. D 15. B 23. D 31. B
8. A 16. A 24. C 32. B

Brain Booster PYQs (Answer key)

1. D 15. B 29. A 43. .

2. A 16. D 30. B 44. .
3. D 17. D 31. B 45. .
4. C 18. C 32. B 46. .
5. D 19. B 33. C 47. .
6. A 20. C 34. B 48. .
7. B 21. C 35. B 49. .
8. C 22. B 36. A 50. .
9. A 23. B 37. A 51. .
10. B 24. A 38. A 52. D
11. D 25. B 39. D 53. D
12. A 26. C 40. C 54. B
13. B 27. C 41. .
14. B 28. A 42. .

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