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LESSON 1: Illustrations of Quadratic Equation

Good Day, students! As you start your journey, you are fortunate to
discover your strength to learn quadratic equation with so much confidence. As
an explorative learner, you will begin it by understanding the information of the
linear expression to the quadratic expression.
For today, you are expected to illustrate the quadratic equation written in
standard form. Your interest in learning and increasing your skill will be
expanded through understanding the quadratic term, linear term and the
constant term of the quadratic equation.

After going through to this module, you are expected to:

1. Illustrate the quadratic equation
2. Define the quadratic equation
3. Write the qudratic equations in standard form.
4. Relate the quadratic equations in real life situations

Pre-Assessment
Before knowing the important details of our lesson, it seems that you have prior
knowledge in previous Mathematics learning. Kindly identify which of the following is a
linear or quadratic expression.

1. 4x + 5 5. 2x (3x + 4)
2. 2(3x − 7) 6. (2x + 3)(3x + 2)
3. x2 + 7x + 4 7. x2 − 4
4. 3x2 − 4x + 2 8. 3(5 + 4x ) + 7

DISCUSSION
Since you are now motivated to learn and wanted to improve your capability in
Mathematics, there is some important points to ponder in understanding the quadratic
equation.
A quadratic equation in one variable is a mathematical sentence of
degree 2 that can be written in the standard form as,

ax2 + bx + c = 0, where a, b, and c are real numbers and a ≠ 0. In

the equation, ax2 is the quadratic term, bx is the
linear term, and c is the constant term.

Here are the given examples, for the elaboration of your learning in this lesson.

Example 1: The given, 4x2 + 8x - 3 = 0 is in the quadratic equation written

in standard form with a = 4, b = 8, and c = -3. Likewise, 4x2 is thequadratic
term, 7x is the linear term, and 5 is the constant term.
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Example 2: The quadratic equation x(x – 2) = 5 is not yet written into its standard form.
In order to write it into its standard, we have to dothe process, as shown
below
x (x − 2) = 5 Given
x ⋅ (x) − x ⋅ (2) = 5 Distributive property
x2 − 2x = 5 Multiplication property of
x2 − 2x − 5 = 0 equality
Additive Inverse /Substraction property of equality

Thus, the equation x2 − 2x − 5 = 0 is written now into its standard form.

wherever a =1, b = −2, c =− 5

Example 3: The quadratic equation (s+3)2 +4 =4s + 3 is not also written in standard form.
For you to have a standard form, the first thing to do isto perform how to find
the product of the left side of the equation through a perfect square trinomial
and the right side of the equationmust be zero, as the value. Here is the
process as displayed below.
(s + 3)2 + 4 = 4s + 3 Given equation
s2 + 2(s)(3) + 32 + 4 = 4s + 3 Perfect Square Trinomial / Distributive property
s2 + 6s + 9 + 4 = 4s + 3 Multiplication property of equality
s2 + 6s +13 = 4s + 3 Addition property of equality
s2 + 6s +13 − 4s − 3 = 0 Additive Inverse /Subtraction property of equality
s2 + 2s +10 = 0 Subtraction property off equality

Thus,s2 + 2s +10 = 0 is in the standard form of t he quadratic equation

with a=1,b=2 and c=10 whiles2 is the quadratic term,2s is the linear term and10 is the
constant term

Example 4: Given the equation (a + 1)(a + 2) = 3 is not in the standard form. Foryou to
have a standard form, first thing to do is to perform how to find the product
of the left side of the equation through first-outer- inner-last (FOIL) method
and the right side of the equation must bezero, as the value. Here is the
process as displayed below.
(a +1)(a + 2) = 3 Given equation
a ⋅ a − a ⋅ 2 +1⋅ a +1⋅ 2 = 3 FOIL / Distributive property
a2 − 2a + a + 2= 3 Multiplication property of equality Addition
a2 − a + 2− 3 = 0 property of equality
a2 − a −1 = 0
Addition property of equality

Thus,a2 − a −1 = 0 is in the standard form of quadratic equation

with a=1,b=-1 and c=-1whilea2 is the quadratic term, − a is the linearterm and
 -1 is the constant term 3

Example 5: The quadratic equation (3x+4)(4x – 5) =4x + 3 is not in the

standard form. For you to have a standard form, first thing to do isto perform
how to find the product of the left side of the equation through first-outer-
inner-last (FOIL) method and the right side of the equation must be zero, as
the value. Here is the process as displayed below.
(3x + 4)(4x − 5) = 4x + 3 Given equation
3x ⋅ 4x + 3x ⋅ (−5) + 4 ⋅ 4x + 4 ⋅ (−5) = 4x + 3 FOIL / Distributive property
12x2 −15x +16x − 20 = 4x + 3 Multiplication property of
12x2 + x − 20 = 4x + 3 equalityAddition property of
12x2 + x −10 − 4x − 3 = 0 equality Additive Inverse (to
12x2 − 3x −13 = 0 make it zero) Addition property
of equality

Thus,12x2 − 3x −13 = 0 is in the standard form of quadratic equation

with a=12,b=-3 and c=-13 while12x2 is the quadratic term, − 3x is the linear
term and −13 is the constant term
Example 6: The length and its width of the rectangular garden measures 7m and4m,
respectively. If its length is increased by a number in meters andthe width is
increased by thrice of the same number. Represent the equation if the new
area is 90 square meter.
Solution: Area =length × width
length is 7m and its new length is x + 7
width is 4m and its new width is 3x + 4
The new area = ( x + 7)(3x + 4)
90 = x ⋅ 3x + x ⋅ 4 + 7 ⋅ 3x + 7 ⋅ 4
90 = 3x2 + 4x + 7x + 28
0 = 3x2 +11x + 28 − 90
0 = 3x2 +11x − 62
Therefore, the equation of the area 0 = 3x2 +11x − 62

Activity 1

To basically assess your understanding on illustrating the quadraticequation, you

are tasked to answer the following quadratic equations
A. In writing it into standard form.

1. x (x − 3) = 5

2. 3x (x + 2) = 4

3. (x + 3)(x + 2) = 3
5. (x + 3)(x − 2) = 2x − 5
4. (2x + 3)(x + 5) = − 7
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B. From Test A, the standard form of quadratic equation is the
value of a, b and c. ax2 + bx + c = 0 , find the

a b c

1. x (x − 3) = 5

2. 3x (x + 2) = 4

3. (x + 3)(x + 2) = 3
4. (2x + 3)(x + 5) = − 7
5. (x + 3)(x − 2) = 2x − 5

Answer the following questions:

1. What is the quadratic equation?

2. In t h e standard form of quadratic equation, what are the quadratic term,

linear term and constant term?

4. From the different examples being encountered, what will be the way inwriting
the quadratic equation in standard form?

5. How are quadratic equation differ from linear equation? Give threeexamples

6. In standard form of quadratic equation, what are the quadratic term,linear

term and constant term?
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ASSESSMENT
Choose the letter of the best answer. Write the chosen letter on a separate sheetof paper.

1. Which of the following is a quadratic equation?

A. 3x² + 4x +5 C. 3s² + 4s - 9 = 0
B. 4t - 11 = 5 D. 5x² - 6x ≥ 4

2. In the quadratic equation 4x² + 11x - 5 = 0, which is the quadratic term?A. 4x² B.
11x C. 0 D. –5

3. Which of the following is the standard form of quadratic equation?

A. ax² + bx + c < 0 C. ax + by + c = 0
B. ax² + bx + c = 0 D. y = mx + b

4. It is a polynomial equation of degree two that can be written in the form ax² + bx +
c = 0, where a, b, c are real numbers and a is not to equal to 0.
A. Linear Equation C. Linear Inequality
B. Quadratic Equation D. Quadratic Inequality

5. Which of the following is a quadratic equation?

A. 5m - 7 = 11 C. 3x² - 8x ≥ 4
B. 6n² + 11n + 5 D. 3t²+ 5t - 8 = 0

6. In the quadratic equation 7w² + 9w + 4 = 0, which is the quadratic term?

A. w² B. 9w C. 7w² D. 4

7. What is the linear term of the equation 3x² +7x + 8= 0?

A. 7x B. 3x² C. x² D. 8

8. Which of the following are the values of a, b, and c of the quadraticequation

5 - 3x = 2x² in standard form?
A. a= 2; b= -3; c = 5 C. a=2; b= 3; c =-5
B. a=3; b = 5; c = -2 D. a= -2; b = -3; c = 5
9. Which of the following express the quadratic equation x² +12x + 36 as asquare of
a binomial?
A. ( x + 8 )² B. ( x + 6)² C. ( x - 8)² D. ( x - 6)²
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10. Which of the following are the values of a, b and c of the quadratic equation2r² - 3r -
5 = 0?
A. a= -2; b= -3; c = 5 C. a=2; b= 3; c =-5
B. a.=3; b = 5; c = -2 D. a= 2; b = -3; c = -5

11. Determine a number that must be added to make m² + 8m + aperfect

square trinomial.
A. 16 B. 8 C.4 D. 2

12. Transform the equation x(x - 3) = 6 to a quadratic equation in the form ofax² + bx +
c = 0.
A. x² - 3x = 6 C. x² - 3x - 6 = 0
B. x² + 3x - 6 = 0 D. x² -3x + 6 = 0

13. The length of a rectangular swimming pool is 30 m longer than its width and its area
is 1000 m². If w represents the width of the swimming pool, howwould you represent
its length?
A. 30 - w B. w +30 C. 100 - w D. 100/w

14. Which equation represents the area of the swimming pool?A. 2w +

2(30 - w) = 1000 C. w ( 100 - w ) = 1000
B. 2w + 2 ( 100/w) = 1000 D. w ( w + 30 ) = 1000

15. What is the possible width of the swimming pool?

B. 20 m B. 50 m C. 60 m D. 30 m

Problem Solving

A. Write each quadratic equation in standard form, ax2 + bx + c = 0 then identifythe values
of a, b, and c. Answer the questions that follow.
1. 2x − 5x2 = 9
2. (x + 2)(x − 2) = 3x
3. 3x (x + 2) + 3(4x −1) = 4x
B. Given the square garden in the backyard of Miss Retdex. If the width is increased
by two meters, makes the area of new lot of 15 square meters.Represent the
equation of the new lot area of the garden.
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Solving Quadratic Equation by Extracting Square Root
REVIEW!
1
As to begin in this lesson, a practice review for your prior
knowledge in dealing with square root of a number.

A square root of a number (written in the symbol " " ) is a value that, when
multiplied by itself, gives the number.

Example: 1.) 49
Solution : 49 = 7, because (7)(7) = 49
49
= −7,because (−7) ⋅ (−7) = 49
Therefore, 49 = ± 7

2.) 12
Solution : 12 = = ± 2 3,
because
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Solve by extracting the square root.

1. x2=49

Solution:

x2 − 8 = 0
x2 = 8
2. x2 – 8 = 0 x2=
Solution:
x = ± (4)(2)
x =± 2
The solutions are 2 2 and − 2
x2 − 8 = 0
x2 = 8
3. . x2 - 8 = 0 x2=
Solution: x = ± (4)(2)
x =± 2
The solutions are 2 2 and − 2

4. x2 + 8 = 8
Solution:
x2 + 8 = 8
x2 = 8 − 8

x2x= 0
x =0 2
The solution is 0.
=
x

0
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ACTIVITY

ASSESSMENT

Write the letter of the correct answer on your answer sheet. If your answer is notfound
among the choices, write the correct answer.

1. If x and c are real number and if 𝑥𝑥2 = 𝑐𝑐, then 𝑥𝑥 or x = − .

A. Square Root Property C. Addition Property
B. Multiplication Property D. Zero Product Property

2. The square root of 81.

A. ± 8 C. ± 9
B. ± 16 D. ± 7
3. A number which produces a specific quantity when multiplied by itself.
A. square root C. sum
B. constant D. real number
4. Determine the square root of 121?
A. ± 5 C. ± 9
B. ± 7 D. ± 11
5. How many real solutions does the equation 𝑥𝑥2 = c where c > 0 have?
A. three C. no real solution
B. two D. one
6. How do you describe (the signs) the square root of a number where thenumber is
negative?
A. positive & positive C. positive & negative

B. negative & negative D. imaginary

7. Which of the following denotes an expression of the square root?
A. b C. 𝑏𝑏3
B. D.
8. What are the roots of the quadratic equation 𝑥𝑥2 – 9 = 0?
9. A. ± 5 C. ± 9
B. ± 3 D. ± 7
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10.By applying the method of extracting the square roots, solve for x in
2x2 − 5 = 11 .
A. x = ± 2 6 C. x = ± 3
B. x = ± 2 D. x = ± 3
11. How many real number solutions does the equation 𝑥𝑥2 = 𝑐𝑐, where 𝑐𝑐 < 0 have?
A. no real solution C. three
B. two D. one
11. What are the roots of 𝑥𝑥2 – 144 = 0?A. ± 24
C. ± 12
B. ± 11 D. ± 13
12. Solve: 4𝑥𝑥2 – 80 = 0 by extracting the square root.
B. ± 5 C.
C. ±2 D.

13. Simplify .
A. C. ±
B. D. ±

14. What is the solution set of the equation 𝑥𝑥2 + 16 = 0 ?A. {2, 4}
C. {2, −4}
B. {−4, 4} D. 𝑛𝑛𝑛𝑛 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟 𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟𝑟

15. Baby Brown has a piece of wood whose area is 25 square centimeters. Whatis the length
of the side of the largest square that can be formed using the wood?
D. 5 cm. C. 4 cm
E. 10 cm. D. cm
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