MATH REVISION GUIDE

Grade 9 Term 1

AL-FORSAN INTERNATION SCHOOL AL-QIRAWAN

ACADEMIC YEAR (2023 – 2024)
REVISION 1
Lesson 1-6: Absolute Value Equa ons and Inequali es

Resources

h ps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=3LN0IDooaIE

Example
 Solve the equa on for x: |2x + 3| = 7.
o Step 1: In order to remove the absolute value symbol, set the value a er the
equal sign to the posi ve and nega ve number and then solve.
o 2𝑥 + 3 = 7 and 2𝑥 + 3 = −7
o Step 2: Solve for both.
 Solving for 2𝑥 + 3 = 7
 2𝑥 = 4
 𝑥=2
 Solving for 2𝑥 + 3 = −7
 2𝑥 = −10
 𝑥 = −5
 Solve the inequality for x and graph the solu on: |2x + 1| ≥ 5
o Step 1: In order to remove the absolute value symbol, set the value a er the
equal sign to the posi ve and nega ve number. Important: when solving for
inequali es, make sure to flip the sign, in this case the less than or equal to
sign, when se ng the inequality equal to its nega ve value. Then solve.
o 2𝑥 + 1 ≥ 5 and 2𝑥 + 1 ≤ −5
o Step 2: Solve for both.
 Solving for 2𝑥 + 1 ≥ 5
 2𝑥 ≥ 4
 𝑥≥2
 Solving for 2𝑥 + 1 ≤ −5
 2𝑥 ≤ −6
 𝑥 ≤ −3
o Step 3: Graph the solu on.
 Graph 𝑥 ≥ 2 and 𝑥 ≤ −3


Prac ce Problems

Solve for x: |4x - 3| = 8. Solve for x: |2x + 7| = -3.

Solve for x and graph the solu on on a number Solve for x and graph the solu on on a number
line: |4x + 5| < 7 line: |x + 2| ≥ 4

Solve for x and graph the solu on on a number Solve for x and graph the solu on on a number
line: |2x| > 6. line: |5x + 1| ≤ 9.

Lesson 2-1: Slope Intercept Form

Resources

h ps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qXX47hS2KLw
Example
 Write the equa on in slope-intercept form of the line that passes through the given
points (2, 3) and (-4, 5).

 Step 1: Find the slope (m).

o The formula to find the slope (m) given two points (𝑥 , 𝑦 ) and (𝑥 , 𝑦 ) is:
o 𝑚=
o In this case, the points are (9, 2) and (-3, -2):
o 𝑚= = =
o So, the slope (m) is .

 Step 2: Use the slope and one of the points to find the y-intercept (b).
o You can use either of the given points. Let's use the point (9, 2) and the slope
(1/3) in the slope-intercept form (y = mx + b) and solve for b:
o 2= 9+𝑏
o Now solve for b:
o 2 = 3 + 𝑏
o To isolate b, subtract 3 from both sides of the equa on:
o 𝑏 =2−3
o 𝑏 = −1
o So, the y-intercept (b) is -1.

 Step 3: Write the equa on in slope-intercept form.

o Now that you know the slope (m = 1/3) and the y-intercept (b = -1), you can write
the equa on in slope-intercept form:
o 𝑦= 𝑥−1
o Refer to the video a ached above on how to graph this type of equa on
Prac ce Problems

Find the slope-intercept form of the line Determine the equa on in slope-intercept
passing through the points (3, 4) and (5, 6). form for the line with a slope of 2 and a y-
intercept of -3.

Given the equa on 𝑦 = 3𝑥 + 2 , iden fy the Write the equa on of the line with a slope of
slope and the y-intercept. -1/2 and passing through the point (4, 7) in
slope-intercept form.
 Graph the line that represents the linear equa on 𝑦 = 𝑥 − 2

Lesson 2-2: Point Slope Form

Resources
h ps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=yoHs1h5qtuQ

Example

Problem:

 Find the equa on of a line in point-slope form that passes through the point (2, 3) with a
slope of 4.

 Step 1: Understand the formula for point-slope form.

 o The point-slope form of a linear equa on is given by:
o 𝑦 − 𝑦 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥 )
o Where:
 (x₁, y₁) is a point on the line.
 m is the slope of the line.
o In this problem, you are given the point (2, 3) and the slope, which is 4.

 Step 2: Plug in the values into the formula.

o You can use the given point (2, 3) as (x₁, y₁) and the given slope, which is 4 (m).
Plug these values into the point-slope form:
- 𝑦 − 3 = 4(𝑥 − 2)

 Step 3: Simplify the equa on.

o Now, simplify the equa on by distribu ng 4 into the parentheses on the right
side:
- 𝑦 − 3 = 4𝑥 − 8

 Step 4: Isolate the y-term.

o To isolate the y-term, add 3 to both sides of the equa on:
- 𝑦 − 3 + 3 = 4𝑥 − 8 + 3
- This simplifies to:
- 𝑦 = 4𝑥 − 5
o So, the equa on of the line in point-slope form that passes through the point (2,
3) with a slope of 4 is:
- 𝑦 = 4𝑥 − 5
o This equa on describes a straight line with a slope of 4 and passing through the
point (2, 3).

Prac ce Problems
Find the equa on in point-slope form for a Given the equa on in point-slope form:
line that passes through the point (3, 5) with 𝑦 − 2 = 3(𝑥 − 4), iden fy the slope and the
a slope of 2. point the line passes through.

Write the equa on in point-slope form for a Given the equa on in point-slope form:
line with a slope of -1/2 that passes through 𝑦 − 7 = 4(𝑥 − 2), iden fy the slope and the
the point (6, -3). point the line passes through.

Graph the line that represents the linear equa on 𝑦 + 4 = −2(𝑥 + 1)

Lesson 2-3: Standard Form
Resources

h ps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=CN4-ty9e5Jk

Example

Problem:

Write the equa on of a line in standard form that passes through the point (4, 3) and has a slope of -2/3.

 Step 1: Understand the standard form of a linear equa on.

o The standard form of a linear equa on is typically wri en as:
o 𝐴𝑥 + 𝐵𝑦 = 𝐶
o Where A, B, and C are integers, and A should be a non-nega ve integer. We want to find
the values of A, B, and C.

 Step 2: Use the point-slope form to find the standard form.

o The point-slope form of a linear equa on is given by:
o 𝑦 − 𝑦 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥 )
o In this problem, you are given the point (4, 3) and the slope, which is -2/3. So, we have:
o 𝑦 − 3 = (− 𝑥)(𝑥 − 4)

 Step 3: Distribute the slope and simplify.

o Distribute the slope (-2/3) on the right side of the equa on:
o 𝑦 − 3 = (− 𝑥 − )

 Step 4: Move all terms to one side of the equa on.

o To convert it to standard form (Ax + By = C), we need to move all terms to one side. We
can do this by adding (2/3)x and subtrac ng 8/3 from both sides:
o 𝑥+𝑦 =3−

 Step 5: Find a common denominator and simplify the constants.

o To find a common denominator for 3 and 8/3, convert 3 to 9/3:
o 𝑥+𝑦 = −
o Now, subtract the frac ons:
o 𝑥+𝑦 =
  Step 6: Mul ply both sides by 3 to eliminate frac ons.
o To make all coefficients integers, mul ply both sides of the equa on by 3:
o 3 𝑥 + 𝑦 = 3( )
o This simplifies to:
o 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 1
o So, the equa on of the line in standard form that passes through the point (4, 3) with a
slope of -2/3 is:
o 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 1

Prac ce Problems
Write the equa on of a line in standard form with Determine the equa on in standard form for a
a slope of -4/5 that passes through the point (7, line with a slope of 2 and a y-intercept of -3.
9).

Write the equa on in standard form for a line Given the equa on in slope-intercept form:
that passes through the points (2, 5) and (4, 9). 𝑦 = 3𝑥 − 2 , convert it in standard form.

Determine the equa on in standard form for a Write the equa on in standard form for a line
line with a slope of 0 that passes through the that passes through the points (6, 4) and (6, 7).
point (3, -7).
Lesson 2-4: Parallel and Perpendicular Lines

Resources

h ps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=LTb2-LE7StE

Example

Problem 1 (Parallel Lines):

Find the equa on of a line parallel to the line 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 6 and passing through the point (4, -1).

 Step 1: Understand the concept of parallel lines.

o To find a line parallel to a given line, you need to know that parallel lines have the same
slope. So, our goal is to find the slope of the given line: 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 6

 Step 2: Convert the given line to slope-intercept form.

o The given line 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 6 is not in slope-intercept form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, so we'll convert it
to that form.
o Subtract 3x from both sides:
o −2𝑦 = −3𝑥 + 6
o Divide both sides by -2 to isolate y:
o 𝑦 = 𝑥−3
o Now we have the equa on in slope-intercept form. The slope of this line is 𝑚 =

 Step 3: Use the given point to find the equa on of the parallel line.
o You are given that the line must pass through the point (4, -1). We now know the slope
𝑚 = , so we can use the point-slope form of a linear equa on:
o 𝑦 − 𝑦 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥 )
o Plugging in the values, where (𝑥 , 𝑦 ) 𝑖𝑠 (4, −1) 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑚 =
o 𝑦 − (−1) = (𝑥 − 4)
o Simplify:
o 𝑦 + 1 = (𝑥 − 4)

 Step 4: Convert the equa on to your desired form.

 o If you want the equa on in slope-intercept form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, con nue to simplify:
o Subtract 1 from both sides:
o 𝑦 = (𝑥 − 4) − 1
o Distribute on the right side:
o 𝑦 = 𝑥−6−1
o Combine constants:
o 𝑦 = 𝑥−7
o So, the equa on of the line parallel to 3𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 6 and passing through the point (4, -
1) is:
o 𝑦 = 𝑥−7

Problem 2 (Perpendicular Lines):

Problem:

Find the equa on of a line perpendicular to the line 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 9 and passing through the point (5, 2).

 Step 1: Understand the concept of perpendicular lines.

o To find a line perpendicular to a given line, you need to know that perpendicular lines
have slopes that are nega ve reciprocals of each other. So, our goal is to find the slope
of the given line 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 9 and then determine the nega ve reciprocal.

 Step 2: Convert the given line to slope-intercept form.

o The given line 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 9 is not in slope-intercept form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏, so we'll convert it
to that form.
o Subtract 2x from both sides:
o 3𝑦 = −2𝑥 + 9
o Divide both sides by 3 to isolate y:
o 𝑦 =− 𝑥+3
o Now we have the equa on in slope-intercept form. The slope of this line is 𝑚 = −

 Step 3: Determine the slope of the perpendicular line.

o To find the slope of the line perpendicular to the given line, we take the nega ve
reciprocal of − . The nega ve reciprocal of a frac on is − . In this case, it is
− − = .
o Now, we have the slope for the perpendicular line, which is 𝑚 = .
  Step 4: Use the given point to find the equa on of the perpendicular line.
o You are given that the line must pass through the point (5, 2). We now know the slope
𝑚 = , so we can use the point-slope form of a linear equa on:
o 𝑦 − 𝑦 = 𝑚(𝑥 − 𝑥 )
o Plugging in the values, where (𝑥 , 𝑦 ) is (5, 2) and 𝑚 𝑖𝑠 :
o 𝑦 − 2 = (𝑥 − 5)
o Simplify:
o 𝑦−2= 𝑥−

 Step 5: Convert the equa on to your desired form.

o If you want the equa on in slope-intercept form 𝑦 = 𝑚𝑥 + 𝑏 , con nue to simplify:
o Add 2 to both sides:
o 𝑦= 𝑥− +2
o Combine constants:
o 𝑦= 𝑥−
o So, the equa on of the line perpendicular to 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 9 and passing through the point
(5, 2) is:
o 𝑦= 𝑥−

Prac ce Problems

Find the equa on of a line parallel to the line Determine the equa on of a line perpendicular to
4𝑥 − 2𝑦 = 8 , and passing through the point the line 2𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 6 and passing through the
(3, 1). point (1, -2).
 Write the equa on of a line parallel to Find the equa on of a line perpendicular to
5𝑥 + 2𝑦 = 7 , and passing through the point 3𝑥 − 𝑦 = 5 and passing through the point (4, -1).
(2, 3).

Determine the equa on of a line parallel to Write the equa on of a line perpendicular to
2𝑥 − 4𝑦 = 8 and passing through the point 4𝑥 + 3𝑦 = 12 and passing through the point
(-1, 3). (5, 1).

Lesson 3-1: Rela ons and Func ons

Resources

h ps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wbBY2tTqXDA

Example

Problem:

Determine whether the following rela on is a func on and, if it is a func on, find its domain and range:

Rela on: {(1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 2), (4, 5), (1, 6)}

Solu on:

To determine whether a rela on is a func on, we need to check if each input (the first element in each
ordered pair) is associated with exactly one output (the second element in each ordered pair). In other
words, there should be no repe on of the same input value.
 1. Examine the given rela on: {(1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 2), (4, 5), (1, 6)}
o (1, 2) and (1, 6) have the same input value, 1. Therefore, it fails the ver cal line test, and
this rela on is not a func on.

o Since the rela on is not a func on, we do not proceed to find the domain and range.
However, if it were a func on, here's how you would find the domain and range:
i. Domain: The domain of a func on is the set of all possible input values. In this
case, the domain would be all the unique input values in the ordered pairs. For
this rela on, the domain would be {1, 2, 3, 4}.
ii. Range: The range of a func on is the set of all possible output values. In this
case, the range would be all the unique output values in the ordered pairs. For
this rela on, the range would be {2, 3, 5, 6}.

So, in summary, the given rela on is not a func on due to the repe on of input values.

Prac ce Problems

Determine whether the following rela on is a Given the rela on R = {(2, 3), (4, 5), (6, 7)}, find
func on: the domain and range of R.
{(1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4), (1, 5)}

Iden fy whether the rela on is a func on or not: Determine if the rela on is a func on:
{(1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4), (4, 2)} {(1, 2), (2, 3), (3, 4), (4, 5), (5, 2)}

Determine whether the following rela on is a Given the rela on R = {(1, 3), (2, 4), (3, 5)}, find
func on: the domain and range of R.
{(2, 3), (4, 5), (2, 6), (7, 8)}