NEET

Prachand NEET 2024

Chemistry
Practical Organic Chemistry

Q1 The sodium fusion test is used in _________of an 0.1014 g of water. The percentage of hydrogen
organic compound. is, approximately
(A) Elemental qualitative analysis (A) 2 (B) 3
(B) Elemental quantitative analysis (C) 5 (D) 6
(C) Atomic qualitative analysis
Q5 During the combustion of an organic
(D) Atomic quantitative analysis
compound containing nitrogen (CxHy­Nz), the
Q2 If sodium fusion is done with excess sodium, process is done in the presence of cupric oxide.
which of the following is true? The number of moles of free nitrogen produced
(A) Thiocyanate is decomposed into cyanide for every one mole of the given compound is
and sulphide (A) 2z (B) 2+z
(B) Cyanide and sulphide will combine to give (C) z-2 (D) z/2
thiocyanate and will test positive for it.
Q6 In Dumas method, the free nitrogen is collected
(C) Deep blood red colouration is obtained if
in the_______ part of the graduated tube.
ferric ions are added to the sodium fusion
(A) Upper
extract.
(B) Bottom
(D) All of these.
(C) Mid
Q3 During the quantitative analysis of carbon and (D) Can be collected anywhere depending
hydrogen, upon its mass percent in the organic
compound

Q7 In Kjeldahl’s method, which of the following is

correct?
(A) Quantitative estimation of phosphorous is
The role of the first and second U-tubes is, done.
respectively (B) The acid-base reaction takes place only
(A) To absorb water and oxygen produced once.
(B) To absorb water and carbon dioxide (C) This method does not apply to the
produced compound containing nitro group, azo
(C) To absorb carbon dioxide and water group, and nitrogen present in the ring.
produced (D) Concentrated nitric acid is used in this
(D) To absorb oxygen and carbon dioxide method.
produced.
Q8 Which of the following gases is produced during
Q4 On complete combustion, 0.246 g of an organic Kjeldahl’s method?
compound gave 0.198 g of carbon dioxide and (A) Hydrogen (B) Ammonia
(C) Oxygen (D) Carbon dioxide

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Q9 A definite mass of an organic compound is Q13 To the sodium fusion extract, acetic acid and
decomposed by heating in the stream of lead acetate are added. The black precipitate
nitrogen gas. The mixture of gaseous products is obtained. This precipitate indicates the
containing X is passed over red-hot coke when presence of
all the X is converted to Y. Identify X and Y. (A) Sulphur (B) Nitrogen
(A) Sulphur and nitrogen (C) Chlorine (D) Bromine
(B) Oxygen and carbon monoxide
Q14 If both sulphur and nitrogen are present in an
(C) Oxygen and carbon dioxide
organic compound, these will fuse with sodium
(D) Sulphur and chlorine
metal as
Q10 A known mass of an organic compound is (A) Cyanide (B) Isocyanide
heated in fuming nitric acid whereupon (C) Thiocyanate (D) Isothiocyanate
phosphorous present in the compound is
Q15 Paper chromatography is a type of
oxidised to
(A) Column chromatography
(A) Phosphoric acid
(B) Adsorption chromatography
(B) Pyrophosphoric acid
(C) Thin layer chromatography
(C) Phosphorous acid
(D) Partition chromatography
(D) Meta phosphoric acid
Q16 There are many detection techniques to detect
Q11 Which of the following is a correct statement?
the colourless spots in the thin layer
(A) In the qualitative and quantitative
chromatography plate. What do we do to
estimation of phosphorous in an organic
detect amino acids on the same plate?
compound, fuming nitric acid acts as an
(A) By putting the plate in ultraviolet radiation
oxidising agent converting phosphorous into
(B) By putting the plate in a jar containing
phosphoric acid.
iodine solution.
(B) In the qualitative and quantitative
(C) By spraying the ninhydrin solution.
estimation of phosphorous in an organic
(D) By keeping the plate in an open air.
compound, fuming nitric acid acts as an
oxidising agent converting phosphorous into Q17 The organic compounds, in general, contain
phosphorous acid. carbon and hydrogen. Which of the following is
(C) In the quantitative analysis of sulphur in an not present in them?
organic compound, sulphur can be (A) Phosphorous (B) Silicon
precipitated as sulphide in the Carius tube. (C) Sulphur (D) Chlorine
(D) 188g of AgBr contains 88 g of bromine.
Q18 When a hydrocarbon is heated with cupric
Q12 During the estimation of nitrogen present in an oxide, which of the following happens?
organic compound by Kjeldahl’s method, the (A) Carbon is oxidised to carbon monoxide.
ammonia evolved from 0.5 g of the organic (B) Carbon is reduced to elemental carbon.
compound, and neutralized 10 mL of 1M (C) Hydrogen is reduced to water.
sulphuric acid. The mass of nitrogen in the (D) Carbon is oxidised to carbon dioxide.
compound is
(A) 0.20 g (B) 0.25 g Q19 The sodium fusion extract is boiled with ferrous
(C) 0.28 g (D) 0.30 g sulphate and then acidified with concentrated
sulphuric acid. The formation of Prussian blue
colour confirms the test for

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(A) Carbon (B) Nitrogen (A) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason
(C) Sulphur (D) Halogens is a correct explanation for assertion.
(B) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason
Q20 An organic compound is heated with an
is not a correct explanation for assertion.
oxidizing agent (Y). The (Z) present in the
(C) Assertion is correct, reason is incorrect.
organic compound is oxidised to phosphate.
(D) Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct.
The solution is boiled with nitric acid and then
treated with ammonium molybdate. A (X) Q24 Assertion: Differential extraction is done in
coloured precipitate confirms the presence of separatory funnel.
(Z). The (X), (Y) and (Z) are, respectively Reason: Retardation factor is the ratio of
(A) Yellow, phosphorous, sodium peroxide distance travelled by the substance from the
(B) Sodium peroxide, phosphorous, yellow base line and the distance travelled by the
(C) Yellow, sodium peroxide, phosphorous solvent from the base line.
(D) Phosphorous, yellow, sodium peroxide (A) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason
is a correct explanation for assertion.
Q21 Assertion: Distillation under reduced pressure is
(B) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason
used to purify liquids having very high boiling
is not a correct explanation for assertion.
points and those which decompose at or below
(C) Assertion is correct, reason is incorrect.
their boiling points
(D) Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct.
Reason: Glycerol is separated from spent lye in
soap industry by this technique. Q25 Assertion: Kjeldahl’s method is used in the
(A) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason estimation of nitrogen.
is a correct explanation for assertion. Reason: Dumas method is used in the
(B) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason estimation of chlorine.
is not a correct explanation for assertion. (A) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason
(C) Assertion is correct, reason is incorrect. is a correct explanation for assertion.
(D) Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct. (B) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason
is not a correct explanation for assertion.
Q22 Assertion: Steam distillation is used to separate
(C) Assertion is correct, reason is incorrect.
the substances which are steam non-volatile
(D) Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct.
and miscible with water.
Reason: Aniline can be separated from aniline- Q26 Match List-I with List-II
water mixture by steam distillation. List-I
List-II (Technique)
(A) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason (Mixture)
is a correct explanation for assertion. Water and
(B) Assertion is correct, reason is correct; reason A. I. Crystallization
sugar
is not a correct explanation for assertion. Water and Differential
(C) Assertion is correct, reason is incorrect. B. II.
oil extraction
(D) Assertion is incorrect, reason is correct.
Water and Distillation under
C. III.
Q23 Assertion: Water and organic substance can alcohol reduced pressure
be separated using separatory funnel if both Glycerol
are immiscible with each other. D. and spent- IV. Steam distillation
Reason: Chromatograph is the developed lye
chromatography paper.

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Choose the correct answer from the sulphuric acid and

options given below: ferrous sulphate
A B C D Choose the correct answer from the
(1) I II III IV options given below:
(2) I II IV III A B C D
(3) II I IV III (1) I II III IV
(4) II I III IV (2) I II IV III
(A) 1 (B) 2 (3) II I IV III
(C) 3 (D) 4 (4) II I III IV
(A) 1 (B) 2
Q27 Match List-I with List-II
(C) 3 (D) 4
List-I List-II
Spraying with ninhydrin Q29 Match List-I with List-II
A. Amino acids I.
solution List-II (Methods and
List-I
Colourless reagent)
B. II. Fluoresce in UV lights
compounds Ammonium molybdate
A. Free nitrogen I.
Adsorption solution
C. Silica gel III.
chromatography B. Phosphate II. Dumas’ method
Bubble plate C. Ammonia III. Barium chloride
D. IV. Fractionating column
column D. Sulphate IV. Kjeldahl’s method
Choose the correct answer from the Choose the correct answer from the
options given below: options given below:
A B C D A B C D
(1) I II III IV (1) I II III IV
(2) I II IV III (2) I II IV III
(3) II I IV III (3) II I IV III
(4) II I III IV (4) II I III IV
(A) 1 (B) 2 (A) 1 (B) 2
(C) 3 (D) 4 (C) 3 (D) 4

Q28 Match List-I with List-II Q30 Match List-I with List-II
List-I List-I List-II
List-II (Reagent)
(Element) Oxidises
Heating in presence phosphorous to
A. Hydrogen I.
of cupric oxide A. CuO I. phosphate present
Addition of nitric acid in the organic
B. Halogens II.
and silver nitrate compound
Addition of acetic Oxidises carbon to
C. Nitrogen III. acid and lead Sodium carbon dioxide
B. II.
acetate peroxide present in the
D. Sulphur IV. Addition of organic compound
concentrated C. Concentrated III. Oxidises ferrous ions
sulphuric acid to ferric ions which

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reacts with oxygen in the

hexacyanidoferrate organic compound
(II) ions to give Choose the correct answer from the
Prussian blue options given below:
colouration A B C D
D. Diiodine IV. Oxidises carbon (1) I II III IV
pentaoxide monoxide to carbon (2) I II IV III
dioxide to estimate (3) II I IV III
the amount of (4) II I III IV
(A) 1 (B) 2
(C) 3 (D) 4

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Answer Key
Q1 (A) Q16 (C)

Q2 (A) Q17 (B)

Q3 (B) Q18 (D)

Q4 (C) Q19 (B)

Q5 (D) Q20 (C)

Q6 (A) Q21 (B)

Q7 (C) Q22 (D)

Q8 (B) Q23 (C)

Q9 (B) Q24 (B)

Q10 (A) Q25 (C)

Q11 (A) Q26 (B)

Q12 (C) Q27 (A)

Q13 (A) Q28 (B)

Q14 (C) Q29 (C)

Q15 (D) Q30 (D)

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Hints & Solutions

Q1 Text Solution:
The sodium fusion test, also known as
Lassaigne’s test is an elemental qualitative
analysis.

Q2 Text Solution: Q9 Text Solution:

If sodium fusion is carried out with excess of A definite mass of an organic compound is
sodium, the thiocyanate decomposes to yield decomposed by heating in a stream of nitrogen
cyanide and sulphide. These ions give their gas. The mixture of gaseous products
usual tests. containing oxygen is passed over red-hot coke
NaSCN + 2Na → NaCN + Na2S when all the oxygen is converted to carbon
monoxide. This mixture is passed through warm
Q3 Text Solution:
iodine pentoxide (I2O5) when carbon monoxide
The mass of water produced is determined by
is oxidised to carbon dioxide producing iodine.
passing the mixture through a weighed U-tube
containing anhydrous calcium chloride. Carbon Q10 Text Solution:
dioxide is absorbed in another U-tube A known mass of an organic compound is
containing concentrated solution of potassium heated with fuming nitric acid whereupon
hydroxide. phosphorus present in the compound is
oxidised to phosphoric acid. It is precipitated as
Q4 Text Solution:
ammonium phosphomolybdate by adding
ammonia and ammonium molybdate.

Q11 Text Solution:

Q5 Text Solution: In the qualitative and quantitative estimation of
y
Cx Hy Nz + (2x +
2
) CuO → xCO 2 +
phosphorous in an organic compound, fuming
y y

2
H2 O +
z

2
N2 + (2x +
2
) Cu nitric acid acts as an oxidising agent
converting phosphorous into phosphoric acid.
Q6 Text Solution:
In Dumas method, traces of nitrogen oxides Q12 Text Solution:
formed, if any, are reduced to nitrogen by 1 M of 10 mL H2SO4 = 1M of 20 mL NH3 1000 mL
passing the gaseous mixture over a heated of 1M ammonia contains 14 g nitrogen
copper gauze. The mixture of gases so 20 mL of 1M ammonia contains =
14×20
produced is collected over an aqueous solution 1000
= 0. 28g nitrogen

of potassium hydroxide which absorbs carbon

dioxide. Nitrogen is collected in the upper part Q13 Text Solution:
of the graduated tube. The sodium fusion extract is acidified with
Q7 Text Solution: acetic acid and lead acetate is added to it. A
In Kjeldahl’s method, quantitative estimation of black precipitate of lead sulphide indicates the
nitrogen is done. The acid-base reaction takes presence of sulphur.
place twice. Concentrated sulphuric acid is S
2−
+ Pb
2+
= P bS

used in this method. (Black)

Q8 Text Solution:

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Q14 Text Solution: points by reducing the pressure on their surface.

In case, nitrogen and sulphur both are present A liquid boils at a temperature at which its
in an organic compound, sodium thiocyanate is vapour pressure is equal to the external
formed. It gives blood red colour with ferric ions. pressure. The pressure is reduced with the help

Q15 Text Solution: of a water pump or vacuum pump.

Partition chromatography is based on Q22 Text Solution:

continuous differential partitioning of Steam distillation technique is applied to
components of a mixture between stationary separate substances which are steam volatile
and mobile phases. Paper chromatography is a and are immiscible with water.
type of partition chromatography. Q23 Text Solution:
Q16 Text Solution: Chromatogram is the developed
The amino acids may be detected by spraying chromatography paper. Chromatograph is an
the plate with ninhydrin solution. instrumental device.

Q17 Text Solution: Q24 Text Solution:

In general hydrocarbons do not contain silicon When an organic compound is present in an
as a foreign element. aqueous medium, it is separated by shaking it

Q18 Text Solution: with an organic solvent in which it is more

Carbon and hydrogen are detected by heating soluble than in water.

the compound with copper(II) oxide. Carbon Q25 Text Solution:

present in the compound is oxidised to carbon Dumas method is used in the estimation of
dioxide (tested with lime-water, which develops nitrogen.
turbidity) and hydrogen to water (tested with Q26 Text Solution:
anhydrous copper sulphate, which turns blue). Water and sugar : Crystallization
Q19 Text Solution: Water and oil: Differential extraction
Water and alcohol: Steam distillation
Glycerol and spent-lye: Distillation under
reduced pressure

Q20 Text Solution: Q27 Text Solution:

The compound is heated with an oxidising
agent (sodium peroxide). The phosphorus
present in the compound is oxidised to
phosphate. The solution is boiled with nitric acid
and then treated with ammonium molybdate. A
yellow colouration or precipitate indicates the
presence of phosphorus.
Q21 Text Solution:
Distillation under reduced pressure is used to
purify liquids having very high boiling points and
those which decompose at or below their
boiling points. Such liquids are made to boil at
a temperature lower than their normal boiling
Amino acids: spraying with ninhydrin solution
Colourless compounds: fluoresce in UV lights
Silica gel: Adsorption chromatography
Bubble plate column: Fractionating column
Q28 Text Solution:
Hydrogen: Heating in presence of cupric oxide
Halogens: addition of nitric acid and silver
nitrate
Nitrogen: addition of concentrated sulphuric
acid and ferrous sulphate
Sulphur: addition of acetic acid and lead
acetate
Q29 Text Solution:

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Free nitrogen: Dumas method Concentrated sulphuric acid: Oxidises ferrous

Phosphate: ammonium molybdate solution ions to ferric ions which reacts with
Ammonia: Kjeldahl’s method hexacyanidoferrate (II) ions to give Prussian blue
Sulphate: Barium chloride colouration

Q30 Text Solution: Diiodine pentaoxide: Oxidises carbon monoxide

CuO: Oxidises carbon to carbon dioxide to carbon dioxide to estimate the amount of

present in the organic compound oxygen in the organic compound

Sodium peroxide: Oxidises phosphorous to

phosphate present in the organic compound

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