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CBSE Physics Grade 12 Solar Cell

Last updated date: 21st Nov 2023 • Total views: 286.7k • View

Answer NCERT Solutions CBSE

(a) What is a solar cell? Draw the


labelled diagram of a solar cell.
(b) Name the semiconductor
material which is usually used for
making solar cells.
(c) Write the uses of solar cells.

Answer Veri!ed

286.7k+ views 5 likes

Hint : Solar cells are used in solar panels


because of their capability to convert solar
energy into electrical energy. Di"erent
semiconductor materials that have capacity
of absorbing radiation from the sun and
then using the properties of doped
semiconductors converts it into electricity.

Complete step by step answer


(a) A solar cell is an electrical device that
converts the energy of light directly into
electricity by the photovoltaic e"ect that is
exhibited by semiconductors. Individual
solar cell devices can be combined to form
solar panels which are commonly used for
commercial and residential purposes to
convert solar energy into electrical energy.
Incominglight Conductingmetalstrip

Anti-reflective
coating

n-typesemiconductor
Load
p-typesemiconductor

+holes
•electrons

(b) Solar panels are made up of silicon which


is a semiconductor. Two types of
semiconductors are used in solar cells – n-
type and p-type semiconductors. The
bottom layer in the image is doped so it has
few electrons and more holes. It's called p-
type semiconductor silicon. The top layer is
doped the opposite way, that is it has
slightly more electrons which are also
known as the n-type semiconductor silicon.
(c) A few uses of solar cells are,
- Solar cells are very useful in powering
space machines such as satellites and
telescopes. They provide a very economical
and reliable way of powering instruments
that would otherwise need expensive and
weight heavy fuel liquid or gaseous fuel
sources.
-Solar cells are also used in commercial and
residential buildings recently to lower the
demands of electricity produced from coal
and petroleum so that less pollution is done
and we have alternate sources that are
sustainable sources of energy.

Note
While solar energy is very bene!cial, it has a

low e#ciency generally around 20% which

means it converts only 20% of the solar

light it receives from the sun. Recently


discovered newer semiconductors other
than silicon have higher e#ciency however
they are still too expensive for viable
commercial purposes.

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