Oscillations JEE Main 2023 (April) Chapter-wise Qs Bank

Questions with Solutions MathonGo

1. A simple pendulum with length 100 cm and bob of mass 250 g is executing S.H.M of amplitude 10 cm . The maximum tension in the string is found to be x

40
N .
The value of x is _____.
[2023 (06 Apr Shift 2)]
2. For particle P revolving round the centre O with radius of circular path r and regular velocity ω, as shown in below figure, the projection of OP on the x-axis at
time t is

[2023 (08 Apr Shift 2)]

(1) x(t) = r cos(ωt −
π
)
6

(2) x(t) = r cos(ωt +

π
)
6

(3) x(t) = r sin(ωt +

π
)
6

(4) x(t) = r cos(ωt)

3. A particle executes S.H.M. of amplitude A along x-axis. At t = 0, the position of the particle is x = A

2
and it moves along positive x-axis. The displacement of
particle in time t is x = A sin(ωt + δ) , then the value δ will be
[2023 (10 Apr Shift 1)]
(1) π

(2) π

(3) π

(4) π

4. For a periodic motion represented by the equation y = sinωt + cosωt the amplitude of the motion is
[2023 (10 Apr Shift 2)]
(1) 1

(2) 0. 5

(3) 2

(4) √2

5. A rectangular block of mass 5 kg attached to a horizontal spiral spring executes simple harmonic motion of amplitude 1 m and time period 3. 14 s. The
maximum force exerted by spring on block is ___ N.
[2023 (10 Apr Shift 2)]

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Oscillations JEE Main 2023 (April) Chapter-wise Qs Bank
Questions with Solutions MathonGo

6. The variation of kinetic energy (KE) of a particle executing simple harmonic motion with the displacement (x) starting from mean position to extreme position (
A ) is given by
[2023 (11 Apr Shift 1)]
(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

7. A particle is executing simple harmonic motion (SHM). The ratio of potential energy and kinetic energy of the particle when its displacement is half of its
amplitude will be
[2023 (12 Apr Shift 1)]
(1) 1 : 1

(2) 1 : 3

(3) 2 : 1

(4) 1 : 4

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Oscillations JEE Main 2023 (April) Chapter-wise Qs Bank
Questions with Solutions MathonGo

8. Which graph represents the difference between total energy and potential energy of a particle executing SHM vs its distance from mean position?
[2023 (13 Apr Shift 1)]
(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

9. At a given point of time the value of displacement of a simple harmonic oscillator is given as y = A cos(30°). If amplitude is 40 cm and kinetic energy at that
time is 200 J, the value of force constant 1. 0 × 10 x
N m
–1
. The value of x is _____.
[2023 (13 Apr Shift 1)]
10. A particle executes SHM of amplitude A. The distance from the mean position when its kinetic energy becomes equal to its potential energy is:
[2023 (13 Apr Shift 2)]
(1) 1
A
√2

(2) 2A

(3) √2A

(4) 1

2
A

11. In a linear Simple Harmonic Motion (SHM)

(A) Restoring force is directly proportional to the displacement.
(B) The acceleration and displacement are opposite in direction.
(C) The velocity is maximum at mean position.
(D) The acceleration is minimum at extreme points.
Choose the correct answer from the options given below:
[2023 (15 Apr Shift 1)]
(1) (C) and (D) only
(2) (A), (C) and (D) only
(3) (A), (B) and (C) only
(4) (A), (B) and (D) only

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Oscillations JEE Main 2023 (April) Chapter-wise Qs Bank
Questions with Solutions MathonGo

ANSWER KEYS
1. (99) 2. (2) 3. (2) 4. (4) 5. (20) 6. (3) 7. (2) 8. (2)
9. (4) 10. (1) 11. (3)

1. (99)

From the given figure we can see that

A 10 1
sin θ0 = = =
l 100 10
2

From conservation of energy mv

2
= mgl(1 − cos θ0 )

Maximum tension occurs at mean position

2
mv
T = mg +
l

⇒ T = mg + 2mg(1 − cos θ0 )

Substituting the values,

2
T = mg(1 + 2(1 − √1 − sin θ0 )

1
⇒ T = mg(3 − 2√1 − )
100

1
⇒ T = 0. 25 × 9. 8(3 − 2(1 − ))
200

⇒ T = 0. 25 × 9. 8 × 1. 01 = 2. 4745 N

It is given that

x
T =
40

⇒ x = 40 × 2. 4745 = 98. 98 ≈ 99

2. (2)

As can be seen from the diagram, the initial phase of the particle is given by
φ=30°

π
=
6

The equation of motion of the particle at its initial position at time t = 0 can be written as
x(t)= r cos θ . . . (1)

where, θ is the angular displacement of the particle at time t = t.

Since, the position of the particle at a later instant of time always lags behind its initial position at time t = 0, the equation of motion of the particle
at any instant of time is given by
x(t)= r cos(θ + φ) . . .(2)

Substitute the values of the known parameters into equation (2) to obtain the required expression
π
x(t) = r cos(ωt + )
6

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Oscillations JEE Main 2023 (April) Chapter-wise Qs Bank
Questions with Solutions MathonGo

3. (2)

Given, the instantaneous equation of motion of the particle is

x = A sin(ωt + δ) . . .(1)

As the particle is moving along positive x-axis, v = dx

dt
> 0 .
Substitute 0 for t and A

2
for x into equation (1) and solve to calculate the required phase difference.
A
= A sin(ω × 0 + δ)
2

1
⇒sin δ =
2

π
= sin
6

π
⇒δ =
6

4. (4)

Given the equation of motion is

y = sinωt + cosωt . . .(1)

Simplify equation (1) to obtain the standard form:

π π
y=√2(sin ωt cos + cos ωt sin )
4 4

π
=√2 sin(ωt + ) . . .(2)
4

Comparing equation (2) with standard equation of SHM y = A sin(ωt + ϕ), we get amplitude of the given oscillation as √2.

5. (20)

By Newton's second law,

F = mamax .
The maximum acceleration for a SHM is given by
2
amax = ω A . . . (i)

The time period is given by

2π
T = = 3. 14 s
ω

2π 2π −1
⇒ ω = = = 2 rad s
T 3.14

Thus, the maximum acceleration from equation (i)

−2
amax = 4 × 1 = 4 m s

The maximum force is

−2
F = 5 kg × 4 m s = 20 N

6. (3)
The formula to calculate the kinetic energy of a particle executing SHM is given by
1 2 2 2
K = mω (A − x ) . . .(1)
2

Substitute 0 for x into equation (1) to obtain the kinetic energy at the mean position.
1 2 2 2
K= mω (A − 0 )
2

1 2 2
= mω A
2

Substitute Afor x into equation (1) to obtain the kinetic energy at the end points.
1 2 2 2
K= mω (A − A )
2

= 0

Hence, the variation can be shown as follows-

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Oscillations JEE Main 2023 (April) Chapter-wise Qs Bank
Questions with Solutions MathonGo

7. (2)

The formula to calculate the potential energy of the particle executing SHM is given by
1 2 2
P = mω x . . .(1)
2

The formula to calculate the kinetic energy of the same particle is given by
1 2 2 2
K = mω (A − x ) . . .(2)
2

Divide equation (1) by equation (2) to obtain the required ratio.

1
2 2
mω x
P 2

=
1
K 2 2 2
mω ( A −x )
2

2
x
= . . .(3)
2 2
A −x

Substitute A

2
for x into equation (3) to calculate the required ratio.
A 2

( )
P 2
=
2
K A
2
A −( )
2

1
=
3

8. (2)

In a SHM, mechanical energy is conserved. So, the sum of kinetic energy and potential energy remains constant.
For a SHM,
T . E. −U = K. E

1 2 1 2 2 2
⇒ T . E. −U = mv = mω (A − x )
2 2

This is the equation of a downward parabola.

9. (4)

The formula to calculate the kinetic energy (K) of a particle executing SHM is given by
1 2 2
K = k(A − y ) . . .(1)
2

Substitute the values of the known parameters into equation (1) and solve to calculate the value of the unknown parameter.
1 2 2 2
K= × k ×(A − A cos 30°)
2

1 2 2
= × k × A sin 30°
2

2
1 x 2 1
⇒200 = × 1. 0 × 10 × (0. 4) × ( )
2 2

x
2×10
=
100

2 x−2
⇒10 = 10

⇒x − 2 = 2

⇒x = 4

10. (1)

The potential energy is given by

2 2
mω x
U =
2
2 2 2
mω (A −x )

The kinetic energy is given by K =

2
.
Using the condition that K = U ,
1 2 2 2 1 2 2
mω (A − x )= mω x
2 2

A
⇒ x =
√2

11. (3)

The equations of SHM is given by

F =– kx

2
⇒ a =– ω x

Velocity is given by, v = ω√A 2

− x
2
.
Clearly, velocity is maximum at mean position and acceleration is maximum at extreme positions.
Hence, this is the correct option.

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