Ministry of Higher Education

And Scientific Research

University of Diyala
College of science
Department of computer science

DESIGN AND IMPLEMENTATION OF AUTISM KIDS

KEEPER DEVICE USING AN INTERNET OF THINGS
(IOT)

Research submitted to Diyala University / College of Science /

Department of Computer Science
As one of the requirements for obtaining a Bachelor's degree
in Computer Science

By
Hajer Tahseen Kareem
&
Abdullah Raad Jameel

SUPERVISOR
Prof. Dr. Ziad Tariq Khudair

Diyala, Iraq
April 2024

I
 ‫وزارة التعليم العالي والبحث العلمي‬
‫جامعة ديالى‬
‫كلية العلوم‪/‬قسم علوم الحاسوب‬

‫تصميم وتنفيذ جهاز حماية أطفال التوحد باستخدام إنترنت األشياء‬

‫)‪(IOT‬‬

‫مشروع تخرج مقدم الى قسم علوم الحاسوب – كلية العلوم‪-‬جامعة ديالى‬
‫كجزء من متطلبات نيل شهادة البكالوريوس في علوم الحاسوب‬
‫تخصص علوم الحاسوب‬

‫من قبل‬
‫عبدهللا رعد جميل‬
‫و‬
‫هاجر تحسين كريم‬

‫المشرف‬
‫ا‪.‬م‪.‬د زياد طارق خضير‬

‫ديالى – العراق‬
‫شباط ‪2024‬‬

‫‪I‬‬
 SUPERVISOR CERTIFICATION

I certify that the preparation of this project entitled

…………………………………………………………………... ,

prepared by ………………………………………………

……………………………………………… ,

was made under my supervision at General computer science

Department in partial fulfillment of the Requirements for the

Degree of Bachelor of Science in computer science Department.

Signature:

Name (Supervisor):

Date:

II
 ‫( إقرار المشرف )‬
‫اؤيد بان هذا ر‬
‫المشوع الموسوم‪:‬‬

‫والمعد من قبل ‪:‬‬

‫‪-1‬‬
‫‪-2‬‬

‫اف عليه يف قسم علوم الحاسوب ‪ /‬كلية العلوم‪/‬جامعة دياىل‬ ‫ر‬

‫قد تم أش ي‬
‫وه جزء من متطلبات نيـ ـ ـ ـ ــل شهادة البكالوريوس ‪ /‬علوم الحاسوب‬
‫ي‬

‫التوقيع‪:‬‬
‫ر‬
‫اسم(المشف) ‪:‬‬
‫المرتبة العلمية‪:‬‬
‫التاريـ ــخ‪:‬‬

‫‪II‬‬
 DEDICATION

In the name of Allah, the Most Gracious, the Most Merciful.

All praise is due to Allah, who guided us to success and achievement. We could
not have overcome challenges and excelled without His will. I dedicate this
success first to myself and then to all those who supported me on this journey.
You have been my pillars of strength.

I dedicate my graduation to the one i Carrie his name with pride, to those who
cleared obstacles from my path to pave the way for knowledge after the grace of
Allah. What I am today is a result of my father, who strived all his life for us to
be better than him, my hero (My father).

To my steadfast pillar, to the warm smile of my mother who helped me rise every
time I fell, who made the difficult road easier by holding my hand, I dedicate my
graduation and success to you.

To those who encouraged me and continued to give without expecting anything

in return, to those who supported me in difficult times and whom Allah sent to
strengthen my resolve, my brothers and sisters, I dedicate to you all the fruit of
my success and efforts.

May this graduation be a step forward in my life, and may my work be solely for
your noble face, O Allah. Amen.

Hajer Tahseen Kareem

Abdullah Raad Jameel

III
 ‫االهداء‬

‫بسم هللا الرحمن الرحيم‬

‫الحمد هلل الذي ما نجحنا وما علونا وال تفوقنا إال برضاه الحمد هلل الذي ما ز‬
‫اجتنا‬
‫ً‬ ‫ً‬
‫دربا وال تخطينا جهدا إال بفضله وإليه ينسب الفضل والكمال واإلكمال ‪.‬‬
‫ً‬
‫المستة دمتم يىل‬
‫ر‬ ‫مىع التمام هذه‬
‫ي‬ ‫سىع‬ ‫من‬ ‫كل‬ ‫اىل‬ ‫ثم‬ ‫أوال‬ ‫لنفس‬
‫ي‬ ‫اهدي هذا النجاح‬
‫سندا ال عمر له ‪.‬‬

‫درب ليمهد‬
‫تخرج اىل من أحمل أسمه بكل فخر إىل من حصد األشواك عن ي‬ ‫ي‬ ‫أهدي‬
‫اب الرجل الذي سىع طوال‬
‫يىل طريق العلم بعد فضل هللا تعاىل ما أنا فيه يعود اىل ي‬
‫الغاىل "‬
‫ي‬ ‫أب‬
‫بطل " ي‬
‫ي‬ ‫لك نكون أفضل منه‬
‫حياته ي‬
‫ز ز‬ ‫زئ‬
‫ساعدتن يف النهوض كلما وقعت ويامن‬
‫ي‬ ‫أم يا من‬
‫الضلىع الثابت إىل المبسم الداف ي‬
‫ي‬ ‫إىل‬
‫ونجاج ‪.‬‬
‫ي‬ ‫ج‬‫عل ويامن اخذت بيدي إلكمال ذلك الطريق الشاق أهديك تخر ي‬ ‫هون ي‬

‫رز‬
‫داعمي يىل باألوقات‬ ‫شجعوب و واصلوا العطاء دون مقابل إىل من كانوا‬‫ز‬ ‫اىل من‬
‫ي‬
‫الصعبة‬
‫أخوب "‪.‬‬ ‫ز‬
‫أخواب و‬ ‫خت ر ز‬
‫معي "‬
‫ي‬ ‫ي‬ ‫ومن شد هللا بهم عضدي فكانوا ر‬
‫سعن‬
‫نجاج و ر ي‬
‫ي‬ ‫اليكم جميعا اهدي ثمرة‬
‫ً‬ ‫ز‬
‫عمل خالصا‬
‫ي‬ ‫يكون‬ ‫وأن‬ ‫‪،‬‬ ‫حياب‬
‫ي‬ ‫ف‬‫نسأل هللا أن يكون هذا التخرج خطوة إيجابية ي‬
‫لوجهك الكريم‪ ،‬يا هللا‪ .‬ر ز‬
‫آمي‪.‬‬

‫رز‬
‫تحسي كريم‬ ‫هاجر‬
‫عبدهللا رعد جميل‬

‫‪III‬‬
 ACKNOWLEDGMENTS

First and foremost, I would like to thank the Project Supervisor, Dr. Ziad Tariq,
for his support, outstanding guidance, and encouragement throughout my senior
project.

I would also like to express our gratitude to Engineer Marwa Raad Jameel for
her assistance in preparing the device due to our limited experience with Arduino.
I would like to thank our family, especially my parents, for their encouragement,
patience, and assistance over the years. We are forever indebted to our parents,
who have always kept me in their prayers.
Thank you to all those mentioned for their contributions to the success of my
project.

IV
 ABSTRACT

Autism presents challenges for mothers in the early years of their

child's life, particularly when signs are observed before the age of
three. The period from three to six years old is crucial for monitoring
and early intervention to support the child's cognitive development.

This project is concerned with designing and implementing a tracking

device for autistic children using the Internet of Things. The electrical
circuit is designed using Arduino, in which it transmits tracking
signals to a mobile of the child keeper across the Global Positioning
System (GPS). The designed electrical circuit is mounted as a bracelet
in kid's hand. The designed device was tested and the results were
successful.

V
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE........................................................................................................................................................... I
SUPERVISOR CERTIFICATION ......................................................................................................................... II
DEDICATION ...................................................................................................................................................... III
ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ..................................................................................................................................... IV
ABSTRACT ........................................................................................................................................................... V
LIST OF FIGURES ............................................................................................................................................... VI

Chapter One .................................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 OVERVIEW .................................................................................................................................................... 1
1.2 LITERATURE REVIEW ................................................................................................................................... 2
1.3. PROBLEM OF THE PROJECT ......................................................................................................................... 4
1.4 AIM OF THE PROJECT .................................................................................................................................... 4
Chapter Two .................................................................................................................................................. 5
2.1 INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................................................. 5
2.2 ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND WEARABLE DEVICES .................................................................................. 5
2.3 INTERNET OF THINGS .................................................................................................................................... 8
2.3.1 The IoT Revolution in Wearable’s ........................................................................................................ 8
2.3.2 Key Applications of IoT in Wearable’s [13] ......................................................................................... 9
2.3.3 Benefits of IoT in Wearable Devices [14] .......................................................................................... 10
2.3.4 Challenges and Considerations [15].................................................................................................... 11
CHAPTER THREE .............................................................................................................................................. 13
3.1 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................................ 13
3.2 THE BLOCK DIAGRAM OF THE PROPOSED MODEL ...................................................................................... 13
3.3 CIRCUIT CONNECTION DIAGRAM OF THE PROPOSED MODEL....................................................................... 14
3.4 COMPONENTS OF PROPOSED DEVICE .......................................................................................................... 14
3.4.1 Wemos D1 Mini Board ....................................................................................................................... 14
3.4.2 NEO-6M GPS Module With Arduino ................................................................................................. 15
3.4.3 Sensiron SHT31 Module - Humidity And Temperature Sensor ......................................................... 16
3.4.4 Type-C USB 5V 2A Step-Up Boost Converter With USB Charger ................................................... 17
3.5 PROGRAMMING THE DEVICE ....................................................................................................................... 18
3.6 THE APPLICATION OF THE PROPOSED MODEL ............................................................................................. 23
3.7 CONNECT THE DEVICE TO THE APPLICATION ............................................................................................... 23
CHAPTER FOUR ................................................................................................................................................ 25
4.1 INTRODUCTION............................................................................................................................................ 25
4.2 RESULTS...................................................................................................................................................... 25
4.3 THE APPLICATION OF THE PROPOSED MODEL ............................................................................................. 26
4.4 CONCLUSIONS ............................................................................................................................................. 28
4.5 SUGGESTION FOR FUTURE WORK................................................................................................................ 28
REFERENCES ..................................................................................................................................................... 29

VI
 LIST OF FIGURES

Figure 2.1 Weather IOT Scheme …………………………………………...….8

Figure 3.1 Block diagram of The Proposed Model ……………………………13
Figure 3.2 Circuit connection diagram …………………………………………14
Figure 3.3 Arduino Board …………………………….......................................16
Figure 3.4 NEO-6M GPS Module ……………………………...........................16
Figure 3.5 Sensiron SHT31 Module ……………………………........................17
Figure 3.6 Type-C USB ……………………………...........................................18
Figure 3.7 Application Device Connection Diagram ……………………………24
Figure 4.1 The final external outcome of the device ………………………........25
Figure 4.2 The final internal result of the device …………………………….....26
Figure 4.3 The Application interfaces …………………………….....................27

VII
 Chapter One
Introduction

1.1 Overview
Approximately 1% of children worldwide are affected by autism to
varying degrees, with symptoms that can be managed but not fully
cured. Key behaviors that may indicate autism include delayed speech
development, challenges with emotional understanding and
expression, and engaging in repetitive movements. This disorder may
also present risks to the child's health, such as reduced sensitivity to
pain or temperature changes [1].

The development of IoT-based tracking systems for children with

autism has generated significant interest in ensuring their safety and
well-being in various environments. This system utilizes a GPS
module, microprocessor, and wireless communication modules to
monitor the child's location and temperature. By collecting and
analyzing location data, parents or guardians can track the child in real-
time through a smart phone application. Additionally, the system
allows for the creation of safe zones and alerts when the child enters or
exits the dangerous places, enhancing the safety of children with autism
and providing peace of mind for caregivers

Kid keeper device helps parents of children with autism keep track of
their child's body temperature and overall health. This project consists
of a specially designed bracelet worn by the child and an accompanying

1
application that can be easily accessed on the parent's device. The
bracelet is equipped with sensors that continuously monitor the child's
temperature and send real-time data to the application [2].

The available solutions in the market today are not able to address all
the issues for children with autism in one device. However, providing
a child a smartphone might seem handy, but it is not ideal, considering
the cost of the phone and the additional responsibility the child may
have to handle it. This makes it a less feasible solution. The other way
is via smart watches that a child wears on the wrist. This may seem like
an ideal solution, but the problem arises if a potential threat is aware of
such a device and removes it from the child's wrist. With the proposed
solution, we create a discreet-looking device that doesn't appear to be
a tracking device but is always with the child [3].

Due to its inconspicuous appearance, it does not distract the child, and
its small size allows for easy attachment to any part of the child's
clothing [4].

1.2 Literature Review

The global position system (GPS) based child care system using RSSI
Technique [5]. This paper proposed the GPS technology helps to
determine the exact position of the child. A data from received signal
strength indicator (RSSI) is extracted out from the Bluetooth connection
using which the distance between parent and child is found. An alert is
triggered when the distance between the parent and child is far apart
for a certain range. The Remote Video Monitoring System Based on

2
Embedded Linux and GPRS [6]. This video monitoring system based on
embedded Linux and GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) network. lo
hardware takes ARM9 S3C2410 processor for centralization, in virtue of
SDRAM, USB, GPRS module etc. the main function realized by C
programming to achieve real-time camera data acquisition, image
compression and network transmission through GPRS module.
Monitoring center receives image data and displays after connects with
the terminal. It is easier to be used in windows system. Image data can
be transmitted to the monitoring center in 3-6 seconds after JPEG
compression. The Children Safety and School Bus Tracking Solution [7].
School bus monitoring is an effective major to restrict the mishaps. This
paper proposes an embedded system which focuses on children safety,
tracking of school bus and exact we also provide with the help of
longitude and altitude positioning of GPS and sending information
through SMS. Each student possesses an RFID tag on his own smartcard
which is useful for identifying the student. Two IR sensors are used to
check whether a student is arriving or leaving bus. Hence, we have
proposed “LPC 2148” based embedded system which provides a
complete solution to children safety and school bus tracking. Iota based
School Bus Tracking System [8]. This project recommends an android
based solution which assists parents to track their children location in
real time. To track the location Active RFID module is used and to
identify the identity of the child a biometric identification is used which
is in built in the system. Whenever a child boards a bus, the biometric
identification is done in the bus, and the system will identify the child
and update log on a server will send notification to the parents which
consist of current location and time. Parents can see the location of bus,
they will be notified when the children is getting into a bus or getting
down from a bus. Smart IOT Device for Child Safety and Tracking
[9].Where the system is developed using Link It ONE board programmed
in embedded C and interfaced with temperature, heartbeat, touch
sensors and also GPS, GSM & digital camera modules. The novelty of
the work is that the system automatically alerts the parent/caretaker
by sending SMS, when immediate attention is required for the child
during emergency.

3
1.3. Problem of The Project

Children with autism are unique individuals who bring joy and meaning
to their families. However, caring for a child with autism can be
challenging, as parents cannot always be present to ensure their safety
and well-being As these children grow up and start their school life,
parents may find it difficult to constantly monitor and protect them.
Children with autism may be more vulnerable to influence from others,
including their peers, and may be at risk of being misled or taken
advantage of by strangers.

1.4 Aim of the Project

The aim of this project is to design and implement a tracking device for
autistic children using the Internet of Things. The electrical circuit of
the proposed device is implemented using Arduino, in which it
transmits tracking signals to a mobile of the child keeper across the
Global Positioning System (GPS). The designed electrical circuit is
mounted as a bracelet in kid's hand.

4
 Chapter Two
Theoretical Background

2.1 Introduction
In this chapter, Artificial Intelligence (AI) and its importance, as well as
its rapid evolution in the world of technology will be discussed. Also, the
integration of artificial intelligence (AI) with wearable health devices
will be expoled. Internet of Things (IOT) and its relationship with human
wearable accessories are presenred.

2.2 Artificial Intelligence and Wearable Devices

Artificial intelligence in accessories refers to the integration of AI

technology into wearable devices and other accessories to enhance their
functionality and provide personalized experiences to users. This can
include features such as voice recognition, gesture control, biometric
authentication, and personalized recommendations. Some examples of
AI-powered accessories include smart watches, fitness trackers, smart
glasses, and smart clothing. These devices can analyze data from sensors
and provide insights on health, fitness, productivity, and more [10].

With the development of semiconductor technology, electronic devices

become smaller and smaller in size, but more and more powerful in
function. With the popularity of different wearable devices including
smart phones, smart wristbands, smart watches, a stronger data collection

5
ability are obtained, which can collect a massive amount of sensor data
about people's daily life. With more data collected, a range of
applications can be developed, such as behavior detection, motion
detection, and psychological pressure warning. While the increase of
data volume and type brings us more application possibilities, it also
requires a stronger data processing ability. Traditional methods of data
processing are unable to meet the processing requirements of new
applications. In this case, a series of artificial intelligence technologies
have been applied to the data processing with wearable devices.
Especially in recent years, with the rise of deep learning methods
represented by a series of deep neural networks, more and more artificial
intelligence technologies begin to play an important role in various
fields, such as image recognition, audio processing, traffic prediction,
and have achieved positive performance far beyond traditional methods.
[10]

The fusion of artificial intelligence (AI) with wearable health devices has
transformed how patients and providers monitor and manage health.
Designed to be worn on the body, these electronic companions are
extending beyond fitness trackers and into indispensable tools for
holistic well-being and chronic disease management. This quickly
emerging sector is showcasing new innovations that blend technology
and health. They are providing users more insights into their own health
and increasing awareness that can improve self-management of sleep,
stress, and other daily functions. For medical experts, they provide

6
crucial data that can inform diagnoses and treatment, as well as monitor
progress related to ongoing conditions. But like all tech, these benefits
must be carefully balanced against issues related to user privacy and data
protection [11].

The scope of health care-related tech now extends beyond traditional

wearables. In disease management, wearable’s play a pivotal role. For
diabetics, new devices monitor blood glucose levels and provide insulin
dosage recommendations. Innovations like gaitQ, designed to aid
individuals with Parkinson's disease, exemplify the expanding role of
wearables in supporting movements and improving quality of life. Smart
insoles, capable of monitoring steps, calories, and balance, can be placed
in shoes to monitor physical well-being. Wearable robotics that function
as exoskeletons can assist in rehabilitation, provide mobility support, and
alleviate physical strain for individuals engaged in repetitive manual
tasks. Smart clothing offers sensors embedded into everyday garments.
This integration into daily attire provides individuals with a more
inconspicuous means of managing chronic conditions and offers a more
comfortable approach to health data monitoring. Like smart clothing and
insoles, epidermal technologies, those that use lightweight, flexible
materials placed on the skin, represent a paradigm shift from traditional
wearables. These innovations open avenues for patches designed for
medication delivery and monitoring specific health conditions. [11]

7
2.3 Internet of Things
IoT (Internet of things) is an emerging global Internet-based technical
architecture facilitating the exchange of goods and services in global
supply chain networks has an impact on the security and privacy of the
involved stakeholders. Figure (2.1) shows weather IOT scheme [12].

Figure (2.1) Weather IOT Scheme

The Internet of Things (IoT) has ushered in a new era of connectivity,

and its impact is profoundly felt in the world of wearables. Smart
wearable devices, from smart watches and fitness trackers to augmented
reality glasses, have become integral to our daily lives.

2.3.1 The IoT Revolution in Wearable’s

Wearable technology has evolved beyond mere timekeeping or fitness

tracking. Smart wearables have become powerful, connected devices
capable of collecting and transmitting a wide range of data. IoT is at the
heart of this transformation, enabling these devices to communicate with
other systems and users [12].
8
2.3.2 Key Applications of IoT in Wearable’s [13]
A. Health and Fitness Tracking

Wearable fitness trackers and smart watches equipped with IoT

technology can monitor a variety of health metrics, including heart rate,
steps taken, sleep patterns, and more. These devices often sync with
smartphone apps to provide users with real-time insights into their well-
being and fitness progress.

B. Location and Navigation

GPS-enabled wearable’s, such as smart watches and fitness trackers,

can provide accurate location and navigation data. This is especially
valuable for outdoor activities, runners, cyclists, and hikers.

C. Communication

Smart watches and similar wearable’s enable users to make calls, send
texts, and receive notifications, keeping them connected without
needing to pull out their smartphones.

D. Environmental and Biometric Sensors

IoT wearables often include sensors that measure environmental

factors, like temperature and air quality, as well as biometric data such
as body temperature and stress levels. This data can be used for health
monitoring and wellness management.

9
E. Location-Based Services

IoT in wearables allows for location-based services such as

geofencing and location-sharing. Users can set up alerts when they
enter or leave specific areas or share their location with family and
friends.

F. Payments and Transactions

Many wearables, including smart watches and fitness trackers,

support contactless payments. These devices can be used to make
purchases, access public transportation, and more, simplifying daily
transactions.

2.3.3 Benefits of IoT in Wearable Devices [14]

The integration of IoT in wearables offers numerous advantages:

A. Health and Wellness

Wearable devices with IoT capabilities empower individuals to take

control of their health and fitness. They can monitor key metrics,
track progress, and receive personalized recommendations for a
healthier lifestyle.

B. Convenience

Wearable’s make it easier to access information and services without

having to pull out a smartphone or other device. This convenience is
especially valuable in situations where using a larger device would be
impractical.

C. Safety and Security

10
 Location-based services and emergency features in wearables
enhance user safety and security. IoT connectivity allows wearable’s
to transmit critical information in emergency situations.

D. Enhanced Communication

Wearable’s enable seamless communication, reducing the need to

constantly check a smartphone. They allow users to stay connected
while keeping their hands and attention free.

E. Real-Time Data

Wearable’s equipped with IoT technology provide real-time data,

which can be especially valuable in sports and fitness, healthcare, and
various professional fields.

2.3.4 Challenges and Considerations [15]

While IoT in wearable’s offers numerous benefits, it also poses
challenges and considerations:

i. Data Security and Privacy

Collecting and transmitting personal data via wearable’s raise concerns

about data security and privacy. Robust security measures are necessary
to protect user information.

ii. Battery Life

IoT wearables often require a constant connection to the internet or other

devices, which can put a strain on battery life. Extended battery life
remains a challenge for manufacturers.

iii. Compatibility

11
 IoT devices must be compatible and standardized to ensure seamless data
exchange and integration. Common protocols and standards are essential
for achieving this.

iv. Data Accuracy

The accuracy and reliability of data collected by wearables are

paramount, especially in healthcare and fitness applications. Ensuring
that the data is precise and reliable is critical.

v. Ethical Considerations

Wearable’s can raise ethical concerns, particularly in terms of data

collection and sharing. Users and manufacturers must consider the
ethical implications of wearable technology.

12
 Chapter Three

The Proposed Model

3.1 Introduction

This chapter explains the design and the implementation of the proposed
Model. This chapter contains the block diagram of Autism Kids Keeper
Device using an Internet of Things (IoT) system and the details of the
hardware and software.

3.2 The Block Diagram of the Proposed Model

Figure (3.1) shows the block diagram of The Proposed Model.

Figure (3.1) Block diagram of The Proposed Model.

13
3.3 Circuit connection diagram of The Proposed Model

Figure (3.2) shows the Circuit connection diagram.

Figure (3.2) Circuit connection diagram

3.4 Components Of Proposed Device

3.4.1 Wemos D1 Mini Board

The Wemos D1 Mini is a development board based on the ESP8266

microcontroller. It is similar to the Arduino but is smaller in size and has
built-in Wi-Fi capabilities. The board is designed for easy prototyping and
14
IoT projects, as it can connect to the internet and interact with other
devices wirelessly. The Wemos D1 Mini is compatible with the Arduino
IDE Figure (3.3), making it easy for makers and developers to program
and control various electronics projects.

Figure (3.3) Arduino Board

3.4.2 NEO-6M GPS Module With Arduino

The NEO-6M GPS module is shown in Figure (3.4). This module is a

high-performance GPS receiver designed for Arduino projects. It
features high sensitivity, fast time-to-first-fix, and support for multiple
satellite navigation systems. With a built-in ceramic antenna and
EEPROM for configuration storage, this module provides accurate
positioning and timing data. Its UART interface makes it easy to
connect to Arduino boards for applications such as tracking, mapping,

15
 and location-based services. Popular among hobbyists and
professionals alike, the NEO-6M GPS module is a reliable and versatile
choice for adding GPS functionality to a wide range of projects.

Figure (3.4) NEO-6M GPS Module

3.4.3 Sensiron SHT31 Module - Humidity And Temperature Sensor

The Sensiron SHT31 module is shown in Figure (3.5). This module is

a humidity and temperature sensor that offers high accuracy and
reliability for measuring environmental conditions. It features a
compact design and low power consumption, making it suitable for a
wide range of applications. With a fast response time and excellent
long-term stability, the SHT31 module provides precise and consistent
readings in various settings. Its digital interface allows for easy

16
 integration with microcontrollers and other devices, making it ideal for
projects requiring accurate monitoring of humidity and temperature
levels. Overall, the Sensiron SHT31 module is a versatile and
dependable sensor for environmental sensing applications.
In our project, we only utilized the temperature feature as there was no
need for the humidity sensor feature.

Figure (3.5) Sensiron SHT31 Module

3.4.4 Type-C USB 5V 2A Step-Up Boost Converter With USB

Charger

The Type-C USB 5V 2A Step-Up Boost Converter with USB Charger

is shown in Figure (3.6). This module is a compact and versatile
module that converts lower voltage inputs to higher voltage outputs for
charging devices, featuring a Type-C USB connector for efficient
charging of Type-C devices. It boosts 5V inputs to a 5V 2A output,

17
 ideal for charging smartphones, tablets, and other USB-powered
devices. Additionally, it functions as a portable charger for on-the-go
power needs, making it a practical solution for powering and charging
Type-C devices.

Figure (3.6) Type-C USB

3.5 Programming The device

The code provided is written in C++ and is meant to be used with the
Arduino IDE. It is used for programming the Wemos D1 Mini board,
which is based on ESP8266.

The Code in c++:

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These lines include necessary libraries for the code, such as
ThingerESP8266 for connecting to the Thinger.io platform, TinyGPS++ for
parsing GPS data, Software Serial for working with software serial
communication, Wire for I2C communication, and Adafruit_SHT31 for
interacting with the SHT31 temperature and humidity sensor.

These lines define variables used in the code, such as flags for the heater
status, loop count, and variables for storing temperature, humidity, and
time intervals for sensor readings.

These lines set up the software serial communication pins for the GPS
module, create a Software Serial object named ss, initialize the
TinyGPSPlus object for parsing GPS data, and specify the baud rate for
the GPS module.

This line initializes the ThingerESP8266 object for connecting to the

Thinger.io platform with the provided credentials (USERNAME,
DEVICE_ID, DEVICE_CREDENTIAL).

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These lines define variables to store GPS data such as latitude, longitude,
and a flag for GPS validity.

The setup function begins by initializing serial communication at a baud

rate of 9600 and the GPS module at a specific baud rate (GPSBaud).
The code then adds WiFi credentials for connecting to a network and
initializes the SHT31 temperature and humidity sensor at a specific
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address (0x44). If the sensor initialization fails, it prints an error message
stating that the SHT31 sensor could not be found and enters an infinite
loop.
Next, the code uses the ThingSpeak library to define properties for the
IoT device. It creates properties for millis (current time in milliseconds),
location (latitude and longitude coordinates), and SHT31 sensor data
(temperature and humidity).

In the loop function, the code continuously checks for incoming GPS
data. If data is available, it is read and processed using the GPS library's
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encode function. If valid GPS data is obtained, the displayInfo function is
called to display the latitude and longitude coordinates.
If more than 5 seconds have passed and the GPS data has not been
processed (indicated by gps.charsProcessed() < 10), the code prints a
warning message indicating that no GPS data has been detected and
enters an infinite loop.
The code then calls the get_temp function to read temperature and
humidity data from the SHT31 sensor and handles any properties defined
earlier using the thing.handle() method.
If the GPS data is valid, the code streams the location property using the
thing.stream("location") method. If the GPS data is invalid, it sets the
latitude and longitude values to 0.0.
The SHT31 sensor data is also streamed using the thing.stream("SHT31")
method in the loop function.

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The displayInfo function is called when valid GPS data is available. It
checks if the GPS location is valid using the gps.location.isValid() method.
If the location is valid, it updates the latitude and longitude variables with
the current GPS coordinates. It also sets the gpsValid flag to true and
prints the latitude and longitude values with 6 decimal places to the
serial monitor. If the GPS data is invalid, it sets the gpsValid flag to false
and prints "INVALID" to the serial monitor.

3.6 The Application of the Proposed Model

The application has been specifically designed to provide convenient
access to parents, enabling them to effortlessly receive and view data
alongside the device. It was meticulously developed using the Flutter
framework to enhance its adaptability across various devices. The
interfaces were meticulously crafted by applying user experience (UI/UX)
design principles through the utilization of Figma.

3.7 Connect the device to the application

The device has been successfully integrated with the application via an
API by transmitting data to the IOT platform. This seamless connectivity
allows for real-time monitoring and control of the device remotely. The
API acts as a bridge between the device and the IOT platform, enabling
communication and data exchange in a secure and efficient manner.
Through this integration, users can access valuable insights and analytics,
manage settings, and receive alerts or notifications based on the device's
data in the IOT platform. Overall, the API plays a crucial role in facilitating

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the seamless and effective functioning of the device within the IOT
ecosystem. As illustrated in Figure 3.7

Figure (3.7) Application Device Connection Diagram

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 Chapter four

Results, Conclusions, and Suggestions for Future Work

4.1 Introduction
This chapter presents results of this work and some conclusions that are
drawn from research. In addition some suggestions for future work are
given.

4.2 Results
The figures of the final Proposed Model are shown in Figure (4.1) and
Figure (4.1).

Figure (4.1) The final external outcome of the device

25
 Figure (4.2) The final internal result of the device

4.3 The Application of the Proposed Model

The figures of the final Application interfaces of the Proposed Model are
shown in Figure (4.3)

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1) Welcome interface/Welcome screen.
2) Login screen/Sign-in screen.
3) Create account screen/Sign-up screen.
4) Data retrieval screen/Data fetching screen.
5) Data display screen.

Figure (4.3) the Application interfaces

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4.4 Conclusions
Through this device, parents can track and monitor their autistic child
using a simple app and a single hardware device that the child carries.
With this project, parents can monitor the location of their autistic children
and maintain peace of mind by receiving alerts if the child is in danger.
This device makes it easier for parents to care for their autistic child while
working. This device is efficient to use. Therefore, considering its benefits
and applications, we are developing a monitoring device for autistic
children to help them maintain their body temperature. This is essential to
prevent kidnapping cases, making a child monitoring system for autistic
children necessary.

4.5 Suggestion for Future Work

The IoT, and GPS module-based child tracking system has a lot of room
for improvement. Integrating with cutting-edge communication systems
like 5G can improve the accuracy and dependability of real-time tracking.
By using machine learning algorithms to analyses data patterns, it is
possible to predict kid behavior and spot potential dangers. Additional
safety features like heart rate monitoring and fall warning can be offered
by integrating wearable technology with biometric sensors. Tracking
between inside and outdoor situations can be made smooth by integration
with smart home systems

28
References

[1] By Mayo Clinic Staff - Autism Spectrum Disorder - Mayo Clinic - Jan.
06, 2018

[2] Fairuz Rauf, Gothiswary Subramaniam, Zuraidy Adnan – “Child

Tracking System” - International Journal of Computer Applications
(0975 – 8887) Volume 181 – No.3, July 2018

[3][4] Kaushik Gupta, Mahima Sukal , Viral Sonavadia – “CHILD

MONITORING SYSTEM “ - International Research Journal of
Modernization in Engineering Technology and Science - April-2022

[5] Kok Sun Wong, Wei Lun Ng, Jin Hui Chong, Chee Kyun Ng,
AduwatiSali, Nor KamariahNoordin proposed the global position
system (GPS) based child care system using RSSI Technique.

[6] Li Bing and Sun JianPing proposed Remote Video Monitoring

System Based on Embedded Linux and GPRS.

[7] Mayur Bhor, Nikhil Kadam, Dinesh Shinde, Pranoti Mane proposed
Children Safety and School Bus Tracking Solution.

[8] Jay Limbachiya, ApurvHarkhani, Nehil Jain, Suraj Gupta proposed

IoT based School Bus Tracking System.

[9] Anwaar Al-Lawati, Shaikha Al-Jahdhami, Asma AlBelushi, Dalal Al-

Adawi, Medhat Awadalla and Dawood Al-Abri proposed the RFID-
based System for School Children Transportation Safety

29
 Enhancement.

[10] Jin chun yu -"A review of AI Technologies for Wearable

Devices”-ICTETS – 2019

[11] "How AI-Powered Wearable’s are Reshaping Health Care”-

CAPITOLOGY BLOG -December 6, 2023

[12] 12R. H. Weber- "Internet of Things - New Security and Privacy

Challenges"- Computer Law & Security Review 26: 23-30 -2010

[13] IoT.Business.NewsDate - The Internet of Things (IoT) Revolution

in Wearable’s - Consumer IoT & Wearable’s, IoT Explained -
November 03, 2023
[14] Vinay Kapoor-“How Smart Accessories Drive Transformative
Experiences For Customers”– India Times magazine - Aug 21, 2023

[15] Kinza Yasar&Ivy Wigmore -“wearable technology”-TechTarget-

November 2023

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