CHAPTER 1: PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTING AND ASSESSMENT

❖ PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT: GATHERING AND INTEGRATION OF PSYCHOLOGY-RELATED

DATA FOR THE PURPOSE OF MAKING A PSYCHOLOGICAL EVALUATION THAT IS
ACCOMPLISHED THROUGH THE USE OF TOOLS SUCH AS TESTS, INTERVIEWS, CASE STUDIES,
BEHAVIORAL OBSERVATION AND DESIGNED APPARATUS AND MEASUREMENT PROCEDURES
❖ PSYCHOLOGICAL TESTING: PROCESS OF MEASURING PSYCHOLOGY-RELATED VARIABLES BY
MEANS OF DEVICES OR PROCEDURED DESIGNED TO OBTAIN A SAMPLE PF BEHAVIOUR

TESTING ASSESSMENT
❖ OBJ ❖ OBJ
TO OBTAIN SOME GAUGE, USUALLY TO ANSWER A REFERRAL QUESTION, SOLVE
NUMERICAL ON NATURE, WITH REGARD TO AN PROBLEMS, OR ARRIVE AT A DECISION
ABILITY OR ATTRIBUTE THROUGH THE USE OF TOOLS OF EVALUATION

❖ PROCESS ❖ PROCESS
• INDIVIDUAL OR GROUP • TYPICALLY INDIVIDUALIZED
• AFTER TEST ADMINISTRATION. THE • FOCUSSED ON HOW AN INDIVIDUAL
TESTER WILL TYPICALLY SUM UP “THE PROCESSES RATHER THAN SIMPLY THE
CORRECT NUMBER OF ANSWER OR RRSULTS OF THAT PROCESSING
THE NUMBER OF CERTAIN TYPES OF
RESPONSES……. WITH LITTLE IF ANY
REGARD FOR THE HOW THE
MECHANICS OF SUCH CONTENT

❖ ROLE OF EVALUATOR ❖ ROLE OF EVALUATOR

THE TESTER IS NOT KEY OF THE PROCESS, ASSESSOR IS THE KEY TO THE PROCESS OF
ONE TESTER MAY BE SUBSTITUTE FOR SELECTING TESTS OR OTHER TOOLS OF
ANOTHER WITHOUT APPRECIABLY AFFECTING EVALUATION AS WELL AS DRAWING CONC
THE EVALUATION FROM THE ENTIRE EVALUATION

❖ SKILL OF EVALUATOR ❖ SKILL OF EVALUATOR

REQUIRES TECHNICIAN-LIKE SKILLS IN TERMS REQUIRES AN EDUCATED SELECTION OF TOOLS
OF ADMINISTERING AND SCORING A TEST AS OF EVALUATION, SKILL IN EVALUATION, AND
WELL AS IN INTERPRETING A TEST RESULT THOUGHTFUL ORGANIZATION AND
INTEGRATION OF DATA

❖ OUTCOME ❖ OUTCOME
YIELDS A TEST SCORE OR SERIES OF TEST ENTAILS A LOGICAL PROBLEM-SOLVING
SCORES APPROACH THAT BRINGS TO BEAR MANY
SOURCES OF DATA DESIGNED TO SHED LIGHT
ON A REFERRAL QUESTION
❖ TYPE OF ASSESSMENT
• EDUCATIONAL ASSESSMENT:
- THE USE OF TESTS OR OTHER TOOLS TO EVALUATE ABILITIES AND SKILLS RELEVANT TO
SUCCESS OR FAILURE IN A SCHOLL OR PRE-SCHOLL CONTEXT
- EG: INTELLIGENCE TES, ACHIEVEMENT TEST, READING COMPREHENSION TEST

• RETROSPECTIVE ASSESSMENT:
- THE USE OF EVALUATIVE TOOLS TO DRAW CONC ABT PSYCHOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF A
PERSON AS THEY EXISTED AT SOME POINT IN TIME PRIOR TO THE ASSESSMENT

• REMOTE ASSESSEMNT:
- THE USE OF TOOLS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL EVALUATION TO GATHER DATA AND DRWA CONC
ABT A SUBJ WHO IS NOT IN PHYSICAL PROXIMITY TO THE PERSON OR PPL CONDUCTING
THE EVALUATION

• ECOLOGICAL MOMENTARY ASSESSMENT(EMA)

- “IN THE MOMENT” EVALUATION OF SPECIFIC PROBLEMS AND RELATED COG AND BEH
VARIABLES AT THE VERY TIME AND PLACE THAT THEY OCCUR

❖ PROCESS OF ASSESSMENT

1) REFERRAL FOR ASSESSMENT (TC, SC PSYCHOLOGIST, COUNSELOR, JUDGE, CLINICIAN, HR

SPECIALIST)
2) ASSESSOR PREPARES FOR THE ASSESSMENT BY SELCTING THE TOOLS OF ASSESEMENT TO
BE USED
3) FORMAL ASSESSEMENT BEGINS
4) WRITE A REPORT ABT A FINDINGS TO ANSWER REFERRAL QUESTIONS

❖ WAYS ASSESSOR APPROACH THE TASK

1) COLLABORATIVE PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT: ASSESSOR AND SEESEESS WORL AS A

PARTNER FROM INITIAL CONTACT THRU FINAL FEEDBACK

2) THERAPEUTIC PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT

3) DYNAMIC ASSESSMENT: FOLLOWS A MODEL OF (1) EVALUATION, (2) INTERVEANTION OF

SOME SORT, AND (3) EVALUATION
 ❖ THE TOOLS OF PSYCHOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT

1)TEST

• REFER TO A DEVICE OR PROCEDURE DESIGNED TO MEASURE A VARIABLE RELATED TO THAT

MODIFIER

• DIFFER ACCORDING TO:

- CONTENT (SUBJECT MATTER) OF THE TEST
- FORMAT: COMPUTERIZED TEST, PENCIL-TO-PAPER TEST
- ADMINISTRATION PROCEDURES
- SCORING AND INTERPRETATION PROCEDURES
o SCORE: REFLECT AN EVALUATION OF PERFORMANCE ON A TEST, TASK OR ETC
o SCORING: PROCESS OF ASSIGNING SUCH EVALUATIVE CODES OR STATEMENTS TO
PERFORMANCE ON TEST OR ETC
o CUTOFF: REFERENCE POINT
o
• PSYCHOMETERIC SOUNDNESS OR TECHINICAL QUALITY
- PSYCHOMETRICS: DEFINED AS THE SCIENCE OF PSYCHOLOGICAL MEASUREMENTS

• UTILITY: USEFULNESS OR PRACTICAL VALUE THAT A TEST HAS FOR PARTCULAR PURPOSE

2)INTERVIEW

• METHOD OF GATHERING INFORMATION THRU DIRECT COMMUNICATION INVOLVING

RECIPROCAL EXCHANGE
• EG: F2F, BY TELEPHONE

3)PORTFOLIO

• DEF: WORK PRODUCTS WHETHER RETAINED ON PAPER, CANVAS, FILM, VIDEO, AUDIO, OR
SOME OTHER MEDIUM

• AS A TOOL OF EVALUATION

4)CASE HISTORY DATA

• REFERS TO RECORDS, TRANSCRIPTS, AND OTHER ACCOUNTS IN WRITTEN, PICTORIAL OR

OTHER FORM THAT PRESERVE ARCHIVAL INFROMATION, OFFICIAL AND INFORMAL
ACCOUNTS, AND OTHER DATA AND ITEMS RELEVANT TO AN ASSESSEE

5)BEHAVIORAL OBSERVATION

• MONITORING THE ACTIONS OF OTHERS OR ONSELF BY VISUAL OR ELECTRONIC MEANS

WHILE RECORDING QUANTITATIVE AND/OR QUALITATIVE INFORMATION REGARDING THOSE
ACTIONS
6)ROLE-PLAY TESTS

• DEF: ACTING OR IMPROVISED OR PARTIALLY IMPROVISED PART IN A SIMULATED SITUATION

• A TOOL OF ASSESSMENT WHEREIN ASSESSEES ARE DIRECTED TO ACT AS IF THEY WERE IN A

PARTICULAR SITUATION

7)COMPUTER AS TOOLS

8)OTHER TOOLS

- VIDEO, VR

❖ WHO, WHAT, WHY, HOW AND WHERE?

• WHO ARE THE PARTIES

✓ TEST DEVELOPER: CREATE TESTS OR OTHER METHODS OF ASSESSMENT

✓ TEST ADMINISTRATION

✓ TEST USER: USED BY CLINICIANS, COUNSELORS, SC PSYCHOLOGISTS, HR PERSONNEL,

CONSUMER PSYCHOLOGIST, AND ETC

✓ TEST TAKER

✓ OTHER PARTIES: ORGANIZATIONS, COMPANIES, GOVERNMENTAL AGENCIES

SPONSOR THE RESEARCH AND ASSESSMENT ENTERPRISE

• IN WHAT SETTINGS

✓ EDU: ACHIEVEMENT TEST, DIAGNOSTIC TEST, INFORMAL EVALUATION

✓ CLINICAL SETTINGS
✓ COUNSELLING SETTINGS
✓ GERIATRIC SETTINGS: REGARDING THE QUALITY OF LIFE
✓ BUSINESS AND MILITARY SETINGS
✓ GOVERNMENT AND ORGANIZATIONAL CREDENTIALING
✓ ACADEMIC RESEARCH SETTINGS
• HOW ARE ASSESSMENT CONDUCTED

✓ TEST USER: HAVE OBLIGATION BEFORE, DURING AND AFTER A TEST PROCEDURE IS
MINISTERED

✓ TEST ADMINISTRATION: FAMILIAR WITH THE TEST MATERIALS AND PROCEDURES

AND MUST HAVE AT THE TEST SITE ALL THE MATERIALS NEEDED TO PROPERLY
ADMINISTER THE TEST, RAPPORT RELATIONSHIP

✓ PPL WITH DISABILITIES: ACCOMODATION- ADAPTATION OF A TEST. PROCEDURE.

OR SITUATION, OR SUBSTITUTION OF ONE TEST FOR ANOTHER

• WHERE TO GO FOR AUTHORITATIVE INFORMATION: REFERENCE SOURCES

✓ TEST CATALOGUES
✓ TEST MANUALS
✓ PROFESSIONAL BOOKS
✓ REFERENCE VOLUME
✓ JOURNAL ARTICLES
✓ ONLINE DATABASE