Venn diagrams use circles to represent sets and to illustrate the relationship between

the   sets. The   areas where the circles overlap represent commonality between   the   sets.
In Mathematics, Venn diagrams are used to analyze known information obtained from surveys,
data reports, and tables.

Study the Venn diagrams below and their corresponding set notation formula.

1. A B 2. A B

The shaded region is the intersection The shaded region is the union
of A and B. So, A ∩ B. of A and B. So, A U B.

3. A 4. A B

The shaded region does not include The shaded region does not include
any elements of A. So, A’. any elements of A and B. So, (A U B)’.

5. A B

The shaded region does not include any elements

that belong to both A and B. So, (A ∩ B)’.

Activity 1
Write a set notation formula to describe the shaded region.

1. X 2. X Y

8
 3. 4. X Y
X Y

5.
X Y

Activity 2
Use a pencil to shade the region in the Venn diagram that is described by
the set notation formula.

U U
1. M N 2. M N

M UN (M U N)’

U U
3. M N 4.
M

M∩N∩O M’

U
5. M N

(M ∩ N)’

9
 What is It
In solving problems involving sets with the use of Venn diagram, different steps
must be followed. These are:
Step 1: GIVEN (Identify the given.)
Step 2: SETS (Identify the number of sets to be used.)
Step 3: DRAW (Draw the Venn diagram using the given data.)
Step 4: ANSWER (Answer the questions.)
Illustrative Example 1
A class of 38 students from Grade 7 were surveyed and asked if they have cats or dogs
at home. Ten students said that they have a dog only. Eight students said that they have
a cat only. Fourteen students said that they have both a cat and a dog. Six students said
that they don’t have either a cat or a dog.
Questions:
a.  How many students have a dog?
b. How many students have a cat?
c. How many students have both a cat and a dog?
d. How many students don’t have either a cat or a dog?
Solution:
Step 1: GIVEN (Identify the given.)
38 – total number of students from Grade 7
10 – students who have a dog
8 – students who have a cat
14 – students who have both a dog and a cat
6 – students who don’t have a dog or a cat
Step 2: SETS (Identify the number of sets to be used.)
There are two (2) sets specified in the problem, a dog and a cat.
Step 3: DRAW (Draw the Venn diagram using the given data.)
Dog Cat U

10 14 8

Step 4: ANSWER (Answer the questions.)

a.  How many students have a dog?   10 + 14 = 24
b. How many students have a cat?    14 + 8 = 22
c. How many students have both a cat and a dog? 14
d. How many students don’t have either a cat or a dog? 6
Illustrative Example 2
One hundred twenty coffee drinkers were asked whether they used cream or sugar
in their coffee. Fifty-five of them used sugar. Thirty-six of them used cream. Sixteen of them used
both sugar and cream.
Questions:
a.  How many coffee drinkers used sugar?
b. How many coffee drinkers used sugar but not cream?
c. How many coffee drinkers used cream?
d. How many coffee drinkers used cream but not sugar?

10
Solution:
Step 1: GIVEN (Identify the given.)
120 – total number of coffee drinkers
55 – coffee drinkers who used sugar
36 – coffee drinkers who used cream
16 – coffee drinkers who both used sugar and cream
Step 2: SETS (Identify the number of sets to be used.)
There are two (2) sets specified in the problem, cream and sugar.

Step 3: DRAW (Draw the Venn diagram using the given data.)
Cream Sugar U

36 16 55

Step 4: ANSWER (Answer the questions.)

a.  How many coffee drinkers used sugar? 55 + 16 = 71
b. How many coffee drinkers used sugar but not cream? 55
c. How many coffee drinkers used cream? 36 + 16 = 52
d. How many coffee drinkers used cream but not sugar? 36

What’s More

Independent Activity 1
A group of students were asked in which subject they excel more, English
or Mathematics. The results can be seen in the given Venn diagram. Use the information
in the Venn diagram to tell whether each statement is True or False. Write the answer on
the space provided.
____ 1. 5 students excel in English English Mathematics U
____ 2. 5 students excel in English but not in Mathematics
____ 3. 3 students excel both in English and Mathematics
____ 4. 14 students don’t excel neither in English nor 5 3 6
in Mathematics
____ 5. 14 students excel in English or in Mathematics 12

Independent Assessment 1
A number of students in a class who take Algebra and Geometry classes were shown
in the given Venn diagram. Use the information in the Venn diagram to tell whether
each statement is True or False. Write the answer on the space provided.
____ 1. 12 students take Geometry classes Algebra Geometry U
____ 2. 18 students take Algebra classes
____ 3. 10 students take both Geometry and Algebra
8 10 12
classes
____ 4. 10 students don’t take neither Geometry nor Algebra
____ 5. There were 38 students in the class. 8

11
Independent Activity 2
Complete the Venn diagrams using the data found in each problem sets.

1. We asked a group of 50 people whether they have Carinderia A Carinderia B

eaten in Carinderia A or in Carinderia B. Ten people
answered that they have never eaten neither in
Carinderia A nor in Carinderia B at all. Twenty people
have eaten both in Carinderia A and Carinderia B
and 12 people have eaten only in Carinderia A.

2. We asked 30 students on which subject they Algebra Geometry

excel more, Algebra or Geometry. Ten students said
that they both excel in Algebra and in Geometry.
Four students said that they excel more in Geometry.
Six students said that they excel more in Algebra
but not in Geometry.

Independent Assessment 2
Draw a Venn diagram using the data found in each problem sets.
1. We asked 200 people whether they like Puto and Suman for merienda. Forty people
answered that they don’t like neither Puto nor Suman. One hundred people said that
they like both Puto and Suman and 20 people like only Suman.
2. We asked 50 school kids whether they like drawing and coloring. Twenty kids like both
drawing and coloring and 10 said they only like drawing. Ten of the kids said that they
don’t like either of the two.

Independent Activity 3
We asked 190 game fanatics whether they like the classics Pacman and Super Mario.
Seventy gamers like Pacman. Fifty of them both like Pacman and Super Mario. Thirty do not like
Pacman nor Super Mario. Complete the Venn diagram then answer the following questions.
Pacman Super Mario

1. How many gamers like Pacman only?

2. How many gamers like Pacman? 70
3. How many gamers like Super Mario only?
30

Independent Assessment 3
We asked 95 children what they like to do most in their free time, watching TV
or playing games. Fifteen children like watching TV. Twenty of them like playing games.
Forty of them both like watching TV and playing games. Draw a Venn diagram then answer
the following questions.
1. How many children like playing games only?
2. How many children like watching TV?
3. How many children do not like watching TV nor playing games?

12
 What I Have Learned
I have learned that solving problems involving sets with the use of Venn diagram ______
________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ .

The steps in solving problems involving sets with the use of Venn diagram are ______
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________ .

What I Can Do
Complete the Venn diagram below by giving examples of 4 animals living in land, 4
animals living in water and 2 animals living in both land and water.
Land Water

Assessment
Read the problem below then answer the questions that follow.
Thirteen students were asked if they use cellphone or laptop as their tool for learning.
Three of them use cellphone and they are Rose, Angie and Ric. Four of them use laptop
and they are Riza, Jose, Lea and Peter. John, Nad, Bert and Ian use both cellphone and
laptop. Vic and Shane do not use cellphone nor laptop.
1. Draw a Venn diagram using the given data.
2. Who among the students are using laptop only?
3. How many students are using cellphone only?
4. Who among the students are using both cellphone and laptop?
5. What do you think is the reason why Vic and Shane do not use cellphone nor
laptop?

Additional Activity
A survey of 126 children was taken with regards to what they drink at home,
milk or juice. Ninety-two of them said they drink milk. Sixty-eight of them drink juice.
Forty-seven of them drink milk and juice. How many children drink milk?

13