PLANNING DESIGN &

CONSTRUCTION OF OHTL

Prof. Rabah Yousif Amer

Cairo University
Faculty of Engineering
Electrical Power Engineering Department
 CONTENTS

1. SYSTEM STUDIES

2. LINE DESIGN OVERVIEW

3. SUBSTATION AND OVERHEAD LINE FOUNDATIONS

4. OVERHEAD LINE ROUTING

5. STRUCTURES, TOWERS AND POLES

6. OVERHEAD LINE CONDUCTOR AND TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

7. INSULATORS

8. INSULATION CO-ORDINATION
COMPONENTS OF OHTL
Typical Components of a Power Plant
Substation (Switchyard)

•A - CONNECTION •A - Busbar

•B - CONNECTION & DIS-CONNECTION •B - Disconnector

•C - CONNECTION, DIS-CONNECTION & DETECTION •C - Circuit Breaker

•D - DETECT & TRANSFORM •D - Current Transformer

•E - DETECT & TRANSFORM •E - Voltage Transformer

•F - PROTECT ION& SAFETY •F - Earthing Switch

•G - PROTECTION •G - Surge Arrestor

 Overhead Lines – Advantages
1. Simple and straightforward layout
2. (Relatively) easy and fast to erect and to repair
3. Good operating behavior
4. Long physical life
5. Large load capacity and overload capability
6. Lowest (capacitive) reactive power of all systems
7. Longest operational experience
8. Lowest unavailability
9. Lowest investment costs
 Overhead Lines – Disadvantages

1. High failure rate (most failure are arc

failures without consequences)
2. Impairment of landscape (visibility)
3. Low electromagnetic fields can be
achieved through distances and
arrangements
4. Highest losses
5. Highest operational costs because of
current-dependent losses
 Cable Lines – Advantages

1. Large load capacity possible with thermal

foundation and cross-bonding
2. Lower impedances per unit length when
compared to overhead lines
3. Lower failure rate than overhead lines
4. No electrical field on the outside
5. Losses are only 50% of an overhead line
6. Operational costs (including losses) are about
half of the costs of an overhead line
 Cable Lines - Disadvantages
1. High requirements to purity of synthetic insulation
and water- tightness
2. Overload only temporary possible influences
lifespan of insulation
3. High reactive power, compensation necessary
4. PD-Monitoring on bushings, temperature monitoring
5. Unavailability is notable higher when compared to
overhead lines (high repairing efforts)
6. Lifespan: 30 to 40 years (assumed)
7. Extensive demand of space, drying out of soil, only
very limited usage of line route possible
8. threshold value for the magnetic field (100 µT) can
be exceeded
9. 3-6 times investment costs compared to overhead