NURSINGANDMIDWIFERYTRAININGCOLLEGE,DAMONGO

CHILDHEALTH
GROUP3PRESENTATION
BURNSANDSCALDS

• Definitionofburnsandscalds
• Causesofburnsandscalds
• Typesofburnsandscalds
• Signsandsymptoms
• Management
• Prevention

BURNSANDSCALDS

• Burns;Itisthedestructionorinjurycausedtotheskinandunderliningtissuesbydirectheat,chemicals,el
ectricityandradiationsfromthesunornuclearrays.Burnsmaybesuperficialordeepdependingontheex
tentoftheinjury.
• CAUSESOFBURNS
• Heats;Burnscausedbyexposuretoheatsourcessuchasfire,hotliquids,streams,orhotobjects.
• Electricity:Burnsresultingfromcontactwithelectricalsourcesorlighting.
• Chemicals:Burnscausedbyexposurecorrosivechemicalsorsubstance.
• Radiation:Burnsfromexposuretoultravioletraysfromthesun,tanningbed,orradiationtherapy.
• Friction:Burnsresultingfromfrictionorabrasioninjuries,suchasroadrush.
• SCALDS
• Scalds:scaldsreferstoburnsthatarecausedbymoistheatsuchashotwater,hotsoup,andhotoil.Theyare
oftenmoreseverethanburnscausedbydryheatbecausetheliquidorsteamcanpenetratetheskinmore
deeply.
• CAUSESOFSCALDS
• Hotliquids:Spilledhotbeverageslikecoffeeortea,boilingwater,soups,orotherliquidscancausescaldinj
uries.
• Steam:Exposuretosteamfromhotitemslikecookingpots,kettles,orsteamerscanleadtoscaldburns.
• HotBathwater:Immersioninhotbathwater,especiallyforchildrenorelderlyindividualscanresultinscal
dinjury.
• HotFood:Contactwithhotfoodorliquidswhilescookingoreatingcancausescaldsburns.
• IndustrialAccidents:Workersinindustriesdealingwithhotsubstancesorsteammaybeatriskofscaldsinj
ury.
• TYPESOFBURNSANDSCALDS
• FIRSTDEGREE:Thereisrednessontheburntareausuallyinvolvingtheepidermis.Thisisnotveryseriousu
nlessalargeskinareaisinvolved.Healingoccurswithinoneweekwithoutscaring.
• SECONDDEGREE:Itinvolvespartialskinloss.Theepidermisandpartofthedermisareincluded.Blistersfo
rmationisevident.Seconddegreeburnsarepainfulbutifkeptsterile,healingoccurswithin2-3weeks.
• THIRDDEGREE:Thisinvolvesthetotaldestructionofthefullthicknessoftheskinofteninvolvingthestruct
urelikehairfollicles,sweatglands,subcutaneoustissues,musclesandevenbones.
• Theburnsareasbecomepaleandwhiteinnature.Healingtakesseveralweeksandthereisscaringandcon
tractures.
• SIGNSANDSYMPTOMSOFBURNS
• Signsandsymptomsofburnscanvarydependingontheseverityanddepthoftheburn.Herearesignands
ymptomsassociatedwithburns.
• Firstdegreeburns:
• Redness
• Pain
• Minorswelling.
• Seconddegreeburns:
• Blisters
• Severepain
• Swelling
• Redness
• Thirddegreeburns:
• Numbness
• White
• Severepainornopainduetonervedamage
• Deeptissuedamage.
• SIGNSANDSYMPTOMSOFSCALDS
• Rednessordiscolorationoftheskin.
• Painordiscomfortintheaffectedarea.
• Blistersorswellingattheburnsite.
• Blistersorswellingattheburnsite.
• Increasesensitivitytotouchortemperaturechanges.
• MANAGEMENTOFBURNSANDSCALDS
• Cooltheburn:Immediatelyruncoolwaterovertheaffectedareaforabout10to20minutestohelpreduce
paininfurthertissuedamage.
• Removeclothsorjewelry:Clothsandjewelriesshouldberemovedinothertopreventconstrictionsorfur
therinjuries.
• Protecttheburn:coverthescaldareawithcleanorsterilebandagetopreventinfection.
• Seekmedicalattention:Dependingontheseverityofscaldmedicalattentionshouldbeseektohelpforpr
operelevationandtreatmentespeciallyforlargeordeepburns.
• Painmanagement:Overthecounterpainrelieflikeacetaminophenoribuprofencanhelpmanagepain.
• PREVENTIONOFBURNSANDSCALDS
• Therearemanywaystopreventburnsandscalds,bothinthehomeandoutside.
• Inthehome,itisimportanttousecautionwhencookingandtokeepchildrenawayfromhotstoveandove
ns.
• Itisalsoimportanttokeephotliquidsandsteamoutthereachofchildren.
• Whenusingelectricalappliances,suchascurlingironsorhairdryers,besuretounplugthemwhennotinu
se.
• Outsidethehome,beawareofhotsurfacessuchasmetalplaygroundequipmentwhichcangetveryhotin
thesun.
• Whenusingfireworks-alwayskeepasafedistancefromtheheatsourceandalsoneverleaveunattended.
• Takinthesesimpleprecautionscanhelptokeepeveryonesafefromburnsandscalds.
•
• THANKYOU
• Groupmembers
• BRAIMAHRABI-NTCDGNAC230109
• HIBATULLAIWABDULAI-NTCDGNAC230038
• SAMBIAMARY-NTCDGNAC230114
• ZAKARIAMEMUNATU–NTCDGNAC230265
• SEIDUDANABAHAMDIA-NTCDGNAC230085
• HANNAHLARTEY-NTCDGNAC220155
• IMOROADIJATU-NTCDGNAC230231
• ABDUL-MATINABUKARI-NTCDGNAC230262
• BABAASANA-NTCDGNAC230185
• HANNAHKONTUOWETIKU-NTCDGNAC230136
• WUSUWELYDIA-NTCDGNAC230117
• GYAMAHZEIME-NTCDGNAC230153
• ABDULJALILKHADIJAH-NTCDGNAC230075
• VAGLIKOORIZENABUSUNSI-NTCDGNAC230225
• AMADUIBRAHIMGONJA-NTCDGNAC230223
•