Architectural Design Report

ARCHITECTURAL DESIGN REPORT
CORE BRIDGE LIMITED

Authored by: Derek Kotoku Arphul - Ampaabeng
Star Lux Mall Architectural Design Report, 2024
UNIVERSITY OF ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES
SCHOOL OF ENGINEERING
CIVIL & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT
PROGRAM:
BSC. CIVIL ENGINEERING, LEVEL 400
CIVL 407: FINAL YEAR DESIGN PROJECT
PROJECT TITLE:
DESIGN OF A MULTI PURPOSE SHOPPING MALL
AUTHOR:
DEREK KOTOKU ARPHUL – AMPAABENG (UEB0703120)
APRIL, 2024
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
The Star Lux Mall is a visionary project conceived by Core Bridge Limited which stands as a
harmonious fusion of Mediterranean and African architectural styles. It is nestled within the
serene campus of University of Energy and Natural Resources in Sunyani, spanning on a
19,460m2 area.
Crafter with innovative designs, Star Lux Mall aspires to redefine Sunyani’s shopping and
entertainment experience. Its main objective is to create dynamic shopping spaces, establish a
multifaceted entertainment, and showcasing a top-notch architectural design.
Its location on the University campus makes the mall enjoy a central position in Sunyani city.
The site provides a canvas for innovative architectural design due to its surroundings. The site’s
central coordinates are 7°21'7.60"N Latitude and 2°20'23.37"W Longitude.
The architectural design encompasses a three-storey structure featuring 30 shops, a

supermarket, a restaurant and kitchen, cinema auditorium, lounges, washrooms, lifts,
stairways, and escalators. Other features include atrium rooms, renewable energy system,
clerestory windows, antisolar insulating glass, and roof vents for energy efficiency and
sustainability.
Prioritizing safety, the mall features a sophisticated surveillance infrastructure, including

CCTV cameras and advanced monitoring systems. Access control systems, wide passages,
illuminated signages, and emergency exit plans ensure a secure and efficient environment for
patrons.
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ................................................................................ ii
TABLE OF CONTENTS .................................................................................. iii
1. INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................ 1
1.2. Project Overview .................................................................................... 1
1.3. Objectives ............................................................................................. 1
1.4. Target Audience ..................................................................................... 2
2. SITE ANALYSIS ......................................................................................... 2
2.1. Site Introduction ..................................................................................... 2
2.2. Site Analysis .......................................................................................... 3
2.2.1. Building Use .................................................................................... 3
2.2.2. Area Zoning ..................................................................................... 3
3. DESIGN DETAILS ...................................................................................... 3
3.1. Architectural Design ................................................................................ 3
3.1.1. Design Information and Spaces ............................................................. 4
3.1.2. Materials and Schedules ...................................................................... 4
3.2. Featured Design Concepts ......................................................................... 5
3.2.1. Atrium and Clerestory Windows ............................................................ 5
3.2.2. Shape and Space Allocation.................................................................. 5
3.2.3. Antisolar Insulating Glass Facade .......................................................... 5
3.2.4. Shading Elements and Light Colour Walls ................................................ 5
3.3. Security Design Concept ........................................................................... 6
3.3.1. Surveillance Infrastructure ................................................................... 6
3.3.2. Access Control and Emergency Exit Systems ............................................ 6
4. CONCLUSION ........................................................................................... 6
APPENDIX A: SITE ANALYSIS AND SURVEY ................................................... 7
A.1 Existing Site Plan .................................................................................... 7
A.2 Topographical Map.................................................................................. 7
A.3 Sun Analysis .......................................................................................... 8
APPENDIX B: ARCHITECTURAL PLANS .......................................................... 9
B.1 Ground Floor Plan ................................................................................... 9
B.2 First Floor Plan ....................................................................................... 9
B.3 Second Floor Plan ................................................................................. 10
B.4 Roof Flan ............................................................................................ 10
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B.5 Sectional Views .................................................................................... 10

APPENDIX C: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS ................................................. 11
C.1 Door and Window Schedule ..................................................................... 11
C.2 Curtain Wall Details............................................................................... 11
APPENDIX D: SUSTAINABILITY FEATURES .................................................. 12
D.1 Atrium and Clerestory Window Designs ...................................................... 12
D.2 Antisolar Insulating Glass Façade .............................................................. 12
D.3 Shading Elements .................................................................................. 12
APPENDIX E: DESIGN RENDERINGS ............................................................. 13
E.1 Exterior 3D Renderings ........................................................................... 13
E.2 Interior 3D Renderings ............................................................................ 14
E.3 Night Time Vision ................................................................................. 14
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1. INTRODUCTION
The Star Lux Mall is a beautiful blend of Mediterranean architecture with African architectural
tradition, a heartfelt creation envisioned by Core Bridge Company Limited. Nested within the
serene surroundings of the University of Energy and Natural Resources Campus in Sunyani,
Star Lux Mall beckons with open arms, promising a haven of tranquillity and community
connection.
The Mall graces on an expansive site of 19,460m2, at Latitude 7.351N and Longitude 2.339W.
The area of the building footprint is 2,878m2 with architectural height of 17m. Star Lux Mall
has 30 shops, a supermarket, a restaurant, a cinema auditorium, a wide airy and light lounge
and 57 toilet seats in 3 washrooms. It features 2 lifts, 2 stairways, and a pair of escalators.
This report unfolds the petals of the blooming Star Lux Mall, revealing the delicate layers of
thought ad care woven into its fabric. It is an invitation to explore the nuances of design, the
intention behind every featured element, and the aspiration to create not just a mall, but a gentle
sanctuary within Sunyani.
1.2. Project Overview

Star Lux Mall is a visionary project designed to redefine the shopping and entertainment
experience in Sunyani city in the Sunyani Municipality. Spearheaded by the innovative design
prowess of the architects of Core Bridge Company Limited, this development aims to be a
beacon of elegance, offering a seamless fusion of modern architecture, luxurious amenities,
vibrant retail spaces, and energy efficiency.
1.3. Objectives
The primary objectives of Star Lux Mall are:
1. To create a retail environment that attracts and engages visitors through dynamic
shopping spaces and curated selection of premium brands.
2. To establish the mall as a multifaceted entertainment destination, integrating cinemas,
and recreational facilities to cater for diverse leisure preferences.
3. To showcase a top-notch architectural design with energy efficient design elements.
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1.4. Target Audience
Star Lux Mall aims to cater for a broad demography such as; local residents, tourists, and
business professionals. With a focus of providing sophisticated but accessible environment, the
mall intends to become a preferred destination for those seeking unparalleled retail and
entertainment experiences.
2. SITE ANALYSIS
2.1. Site Introduction
The Site is on the University of Energy and Natural Resources, Sunyani Campus; facing the
Fiapre – SSNIT road. It is located deep in the Sunyani Municipality such that, it is about 3.2km
Northwest of the Sunyani Central Market and about 1.5km Southwest of the Sunyani Airport.
The North of the site is the Fiapre – SSNIT road, beyond where there is the University
Auditorium. To the West is the Regional Centre for Energy and Environmental Sustainability
(RCEES) building. About 115m South of the site is the University’s Syndicate Hall Block.
There is no existing structure or infrastructure on the site and the terrane of the site is relatively
flat with 317m elevation at 7° 21' 7.60" N Latitude and 2° 20' 23.37" W Longitude.
Figure 1: Location of the Proposed site for the project
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2.2. Site Analysis
This analysis will be done on the proposed site for the construction of the mall based on the
following yardsticks; building use, and area zoning, within 1km radius from the site.
2.2.1. Building Use
The area within 1km radius has various buildings used for residential, and commercial
purposes. There is no evidence of an industry within this area. commercial areas such as,
hospitals, hotels, hostels, guest houses, schools, church, and airport are found within this area
of study. a good number of buildings within this area are for residential purposes of which the
Sunyani Municipal residency falls within.
2.2.2. Area Zoning
The zones within this area may be categorized into ecological zone, administrative zone,
commercial zone, and residential zone. However, the only administrative zone in this area is
the University Administrative area. Within that same 1km radius, ecological zone constitutes
44%, residential zone constitutes 45%, and commercial zone (including administrative area)
constitute 11%. The proposed site for the mall construction falls within the vegetative zone; it
constitutes less than 2% of the ecological zone.
3. DESIGN DETAILS
3.1. Architectural Design
Star Lux Mall features the styles of Mediterranean Architecture and African Architecture.
Mediterranean architecture is the style used by Mediterranean countries1 and it is much
influenced by their diverse cultures, civilization, and climate conditions. Mediterranean style
is characterized by thick walls, small windows, use of reflective terracotta and whitewashed
facades, courtyards and open-air spaces, and flat and low-pitched roofs. African Architecture
on the other hand is characterized by it use of traditional building materials like stone, wood,
and laterite. Also incorporating courtyards, overhanging slab and roofs for ventilation and
temperature variations.
1
Countries along the Mediterranean Sea. Thus, countries in Southern Europe, Northern Africa, and parts of
Middle East.
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Both Mediterranean and African Architectural styles factor eco-friendly designs and such
designs also reflect their cultures and way of living. These factors have influenced the
architecture of Star Lux Mall to have the following architectural design details.
3.1.1. Design Information and Spaces
Star Lux Mall is a three-storey building with an architectural height of 17m, each floor height
is 4.2m, and a 2.4m high roof parapet wall. The building is 0.9m elevated above ground level
and has a footprint of 2,878m2 and volume of 34,968m3.
The Ground Floor has a total of 11 shops, a control room, a laundry, a lounge (open up to roof
level), and two set of washrooms each with 18 WCs, 9 for each gender. There is a broad entry
porch with width 12m and 4 revolving doors. There are 4 other exit doors; 2 at the back of the
building and 1 on either side of it.
The First Floor has 10 shops, a Meeting room, a metre room, a supermarket, and an exterior
lounge spanning over the entry porch below. The Second Floor of Star Lux has 9 shops, a
restaurant and a kitchen, two office spaces (for the management of the mall), an Auditorium,
and a washroom with 18 WCs; 9 for either gender. The Mall has two types of roof; the first is
at 13.5m above ground level and it is a flat concrete roof designed to have a green lawn and a
wood deck partitioned on it. The second roof is 15.3m above ground level and it is an Atrium
roof designed to be translucent for daylight maximization.
Star Lux Mall has two stairs that span from the ground floor to the first roof floor with a
passenger lift of 10 persons within each of them, and a pair of escalators for its vertical
circulation. The escalators circulate from the ground floor to the first floor and back.
3.1.2. Materials and Schedules
Star Lux Mall has 7 types of doors, 2 types of Windows, and 2 types of roof vents. The details
of each type of door, window, and roof vent are given in the architectural drawing sheets. The
materials used for door frames are steel, aluminium, and bronze; and for window frames and
roof vents, aluminium. Panels for window, doors and roof vents are made of glasses, wood
boards, aluminium sheets, and steel panels.
Façade materials are Antisolar Insulating Glass, Metal Panels, Fibre cement plastering, and
wood cladding. For floors, ceramic tiles, porcelain tiles, and wood planks are used in the
design. Plaster of Paris, wooden panels, and plastic panels are used for the ceiling of Star Lux
Mall.
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3.2. Featured Design Concepts
There are some key features in the architectural design of Star Lux Mall that make it unique
aesthetically appealing, and above all align with Energy Efficiency management and
sustainability. Here are the main features of the design.
3.2.1. Atrium and Clerestory Windows
For the maximization of day light and the improvement of natural ventilation, the architectural
design of the mall has an atrium roof, clerestory windows, roof vents, and window vents. Due
to these features, every space in the mall building will not use lighting fixtures during a clear
day. Moreover, analysis and simulation suggest that these features make it possible to ditch the
Air-Conditioner for about 6months in a year (especially during the humid season).
3.2.2. Shape and Space Allocation
Star Lux Mall building has a narrow shape with its front long side facing north and the back
long side facing south. The short sides face east and west. Stairs, lobbies, and washrooms in
the building are placed in the east and west facing façades which will serve as heat buffer zones
for the building. This also prevents excessive heat in busy areas or more accessible areas in the
mall such as shops, restaurants, and auditorium.
3.2.3. Antisolar Insulating Glass Facade
About 60% of the glazing in the curtain walls used in the mall building are Antisolar Insulating
Glass. This type of glass allows visible light to refract through it at an index of 1.7 while
reflecting infra-red radiation between an angle of 300 – 600. This improves the natural lighting
in the building while preventing heat gain.
3.2.4. Shading Elements and Light Colour Walls
The mall design also features elements for shading in which the curtain walls are encased;
especially at the south facing elevation of the building. Finishing surfaces of façades are light
coloured – all these are featured to reflect solar emissions which in-turn prevents excess heat
gain which will require extra energy to cool the building.
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3.3. Security Design Concept
3.3.1. Surveillance Infrastructure
Star Lux Mall prioritizes the safety and security of its users and therefore, a sophisticated
surveillance infrastructure is strategically integrated in the mall building. It encompasses of
CCTV cameras, advanced monitoring systems, and security posts. It considers vigilance across
the mall premises. There is a control room with numerous screens in the mall building with
surveillance team that run shift periodically.
3.3.2. Access Control and Emergency Exit Systems
To regulate entry and exit, Star Lux Mall has access control system designed to efficiently
manage foot traffic while providing a secure environment for shoppers and visitors. The
horizontal circulation of the mall building has at least 4m wide passage way with rails to
prevent accident by falling. It also has illuminated signages at vantage points to prevent
unnecessary waste of time and getting lost in the mall building. There are also exit routes, and
periodic emergency drills to ensure that in an event of emergency, all patrons can safely and
swiftly evacuate the premises.
4. CONCLUSION
Core Bridge Limited has given rise to a cultural landmark within the heart of Sunyani nestled
on the University of Energy and Natural Resources Campus with the design of Star Lux Mall.
A mall design that blends Mediterranean and African Architectural styles; and features a lot of
energy management systems, and eco-friendly design features.
Star Lux Mall will not be just enjoyable, but above all, safe and comfortable for all patrons.
With design features that minimize the use of artificial ventilation through the maximization
of natural ventilation, and minimizing energy consumption through the use of daylight allowing
fixtures and materials make it a standout in modern architectural design of which architects
and engineers will employ in subsequent designs.
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APPENDIX A: SITE ANALYSIS AND SURVEY
A.1 Existing Site Plan
A.2 Topographical Map
7 | Page
A.3 Sun Analysis
8 | Page
APPENDIX B: ARCHITECTURAL PLANS
B.1 Ground Floor Plan
B.2 First Floor Plan
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B.3 Second Floor Plan
B.4 Roof Flan
B.5 Sectional Views
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APPENDIX C: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

C.1 Door and Window Schedule
C.2 Curtain Wall Details
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APPENDIX D: SUSTAINABILITY FEATURES

D.1 Atrium and Clerestory Window Designs
D.2 Antisolar Insulating Glass Façade
D.3 Shading Elements
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APPENDIX E: DESIGN RENDERINGS

E.1 Exterior 3D Renderings
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E.2 Interior 3D Renderings
E.3 Night Time Vision
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CORE BRIDGE LIMITED

UNIVERSITY OF ENERGY AND NATURAL RESOURCES

CIVIL & ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING DEPARTMENT

BSC. CIVIL ENGINEERING, LEVEL 400

CIVL 407: FINAL YEAR DESIGN PROJECT

DESIGN OF A MULTI PURPOSE SHOPPING MALL

DEREK KOTOKU ARPHUL – AMPAABENG (UEB0703120)

The architectural design encompasses a three-storey structure featuring 30 shops, a

Prioritizing safety, the mall features a sophisticated surveillance infrastructure, including

B.5 Sectional Views .................................................................................... 10

1.2. Project Overview

The primary objectives of Star Lux Mall are:

1.4. Target Audience

2.1. Site Introduction

Figure 1: Location of the Proposed site for the project

2.2. Site Analysis

2.2.1. Building Use

2.2.2. Area Zoning

3.1. Architectural Design

3.1.1. Design Information and Spaces

3.1.2. Materials and Schedules

3.2. Featured Design Concepts

3.2.1. Atrium and Clerestory Windows

3.2.2. Shape and Space Allocation

3.2.3. Antisolar Insulating Glass Facade

3.2.4. Shading Elements and Light Colour Walls

3.3. Security Design Concept

3.3.1. Surveillance Infrastructure

3.3.2. Access Control and Emergency Exit Systems

APPENDIX A: SITE ANALYSIS AND SURVEY

A.1 Existing Site Plan

A.2 Topographical Map

A.3 Sun Analysis

APPENDIX B: ARCHITECTURAL PLANS

B.1 Ground Floor Plan

B.2 First Floor Plan

B.3 Second Floor Plan

B.4 Roof Flan

B.5 Sectional Views

APPENDIX C: TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS

C.2 Curtain Wall Details

APPENDIX D: SUSTAINABILITY FEATURES

D.2 Antisolar Insulating Glass Façade

D.3 Shading Elements

APPENDIX E: DESIGN RENDERINGS

E.2 Interior 3D Renderings

E.3 Night Time Vision

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