PATHOPHYSIOLOGY OF TYPHOID FEVER

PREDISPOSING PRECIPITATING FACTORS:

FACTORS: ETIOLOGY  Poor hand hygiene
 Age Salmonella typhi  Eating Street foods
 Immunocompromised  Unboiled/Unpurified
 Medical History drinking water
 Geographical area  Unsanitary preparation of
Ingestion of bacteria food
(S. typhi)

Survives gastric acid

Bacteria reaches
Small intestine

Invades Intestinal
mucous membrane &
Intestinal epithelial cells

Bacteria
replicates/multipy

Triggers Immune
response/ Activation

Inflammation Immune cell

recruitment
Increased
pyrugenic
Triggers G.I. activity
symptoms Increased WBC

Stomach /
Diarrhea Hyperthermia
Abdominal pain