I.T.

Assignment

Q1. Explain MS Excel and its features of MS Excel

Microsoft Excel is an electronic spreadsheet. You can use it to organize your data into rows and
columns. You can also use it to perform mathematical calculations quickly. This course teaches
Microsoft Excel basics as a prelude to the use of Statistical Analysis System (SAS) software in
carrying out more complex statistical analysis. Although knowledge of how to navigate in a
Windows environment is helpful, this manual is created for the computer novice.

1. **Grid Structure:**
- Excel organizes data into a grid of cells, each identified by a unique combination of a letter
and a number (e.g., A1, B2). This grid structure allows users to input, manipulate, and analyze
data efficiently.

2. **Formulas and Functions:**

- Excel provides a wide range of built-in formulas and functions for performing calculations.
Users can create complex mathematical, statistical, and logical operations by using these
functions, making it a powerful tool for data analysis.

3. **Data Visualization:**
- Excel allows users to create various types of charts and graphs to visually represent data. This
includes bar charts, line graphs, pie charts, and more. Visualization enhances data interpretation
and presentation.

4. **Data Sorting and Filtering:**

- Users can easily sort and filter data within Excel, making it simple to organize and analyze
information. Sorting can be done in ascending or descending order, and filters allow users to
display specific data based on criteria.

5. **PivotTables:**
- PivotTables are powerful tools for summarizing and analyzing large datasets. Users can
quickly transform and aggregate data, enabling dynamic and interactive analysis of complex
information.

6. **Conditional Formatting:**
- Excel's conditional formatting feature allows users to format cells based on specific
conditions. This enhances data visualization by highlighting important trends, values, or outliers.

7. **Data Validation:**
- Excel enables users to set validation rules for data input, helping to maintain consistency and
accuracy. This feature helps prevent errors and ensures that data entered into cells meets
specified criteria.

8. **Data Import and Export:**

 - Excel supports the import and export of data from/to various file formats, including CSV,
TXT, XML, and more. This flexibility makes it easy to integrate Excel with other applications
and data sources.

Q2. Write different function of MS Excel

SUM Function
The Excel SUM function returns the sum of all inserted values. For the input, you can combine
any sort of numerical values, e.g. numbers, cell references, ranges or arrays.

AVERAGE Function
The Excel AVERAGE function returns the average of all inserted values. For the input, you can
combine any sort of numerical values, e.g. numbers, cell references, ranges or arrays.

IF Function
The Excel IF function is the most essential function in Excel for logical tests. You can define the
value that is returned by this function if the result of the logical test is TRUE and the value that is
returned if the result is FALSE.

MIN & MAX Function

The Excel MIN function returns the smallest numeric value in a range of values. Accordingly,
the Excel MAX function returns the biggest numeric value in a range of values. Both function
only consider numeric values. Empty cells, logical or text values will be ignored.

CONCATENATE Function
The Excel CONCATENATE function joins two or more text items together.

COUNT Function
The Excel COUNT function counts the number of cells containing numbers.
COUNTIF Function

Q3. Explain Interne, Intranet and Extranet

Internet: The internet is a global network that connects millions of devices worldwide.
It's a massive network of networks, allowing communication and the exchange of
information across the globe. Anyone with access can connect to the internet, and it's a
public network. Websites, emails, social media platforms, and more are part of the
internet.

Intranet: An intranet is a private network within an organization. It's designed for

internal communication and sharing of information among employees or members of
an organization. It functions similarly to the internet but is accessible only to individuals
within the organization. Intranets often include resources like internal websites,
databases, document repositories, communication tools, and collaborative platforms.
Extranet: An extranet is like a bridge between an intranet and the internet. It allows
controlled access to certain parts of an organization's intranet to external users or
authorized third parties. This controlled access enables collaboration and sharing of
specific resources with clients, partners, suppliers, or other stakeholders outside the
organization's internal network. It offers a secure extension of the intranet to selected
external users.

In essence, the internet is the vast global network accessible to anyone, the intranet is a
private network limited to an organization's members, and the extranet is a controlled
extension of an intranet, providing limited access to external parties.