Title: Preparation of metal complex

ABSTRACT
Nickel is a transition metal with various oxidation states, interacting with dilute
mineral acids but becoming inactive when exposed to concentrated nitric acid. It is
often electroplated as a protective coating against other metals. Transition metal
complexes, formed when a transition metal is surrounded by other molecules or ions,
are significantly physiologically relevant. The aim of this experiment is to show the
coordination properties of d-block elements. The process involved dissolving sodium
diethylcarbamodithioate and nickel (II) sulfate hexahydrate in distilled water, stirring
constantly for 40 minutes, filtering, washing, drying, and weighing the resultant
complex, which was then weighed the next day. The light green solid of 0.4355g ¿)
was obtained, with a high yield of the intended compound (98.9%) was obtained,
showing that the starting ingredients were successfully converted into the target
product.

INTRODUCTION
Nickel is a transition metal and a d-block element. It, like most d-block elements, has
a variety of oxidation states. Compounds containing nickel in all oxidation states from
0 to +4 are known. Nickel interacts with dilute mineral acids but becomes inactive
when exposed to concentrated nitric acid. Because it only reacts with air or steam at
high temperatures, it is frequently electroplated as a protective coating against other
metals. Nickel(II) is the most prevalent oxidation state. Transition metal physical
features are easily distinguished from those of other metals, such as alkaline earth
metals. Most transition metal mixtures absorb light in the visible range of the
electromagnetic spectrum, resulting in highly vivid colors. We performed ranges of
nickel (II) sulfate hexahydrate ( NiS O4 .6 H 2 O) solutions in this test, and the range with
the maximum absorption was detected. A transition metal complex is a species
formed when a transition metal is surrounded by other molecules or ions (Khomskii,
2014). It is worth noting that haemoglobin and vitamin B12 are two examples of
highly significant physiologically relevant transition metal complexes. "Ligand" refers
to the molecules or ions that surround the central metal ion. Many common
molecules or ions, such as H2O, NH3, Cl, and OH, are used as ligands for transition
metal complexes. Because ligands often have lone electron pairs, they can act as
Lewis bases (Atkins, et al., 2010).

MATERIAL AND METHOD

In a 50 ml beaker with distilled water, 0.0025mol (0.5582) sodium
diethylcarbamodithioate was dissolved. 0.00125mol (0.3390) of nickel (II) sulfate
hexahydrate was dissolved in a 50 mL beaker with 10 mL of pure water. At room
temperature, solution 1 was added to solution 2 and swirled constantly for
approximately 40 minutes with a magnetic stirrer. The resultant precipitate was
filtered and washed (three times) with distilled water. The finished complex was dried
in the oven. The product was weighed the next day.

RESULTS

1. Mass weighed of the:

(i) Metal salt¿ 0.3390g
(ii) Ligand¿ 0.5582g
(iii) Metal complex¿ 0.4355g (1.9743 g−¿1.5388g)

Filter paper¿ 1.5388g

Filter paper+¿ metal complex¿ 1.9743g

2.
(i) The colour of the metal salt is blue-green.
(ii) The colour of the metal complex is green.
3.
Figure 1: metal complex (nickel (II) diethyldithiocarbamate)
4.
(i) The metal salt (nickel (II) sulfate hexahydrate) is Lewis acid.
(ii) Sodium diethylcarbamodithiote is Lewis base.
(iii) Metal salt is Lewis acid because it is a positively charged metal ion and
it also accepts electrons.
Ligand is Lewis base because of the lone electron pairs and it donates
electrons.
Actual mass
5. Percentage yield¿ Theoritical mass × 100
m
nC =
H 10 NS2 Na
5
M
0.5582 −3
¿ =2.48 ×1 0 mol
225.31

NiS O4 .6 H 2 O+ ¿ 2 C5 H 10 NS2 Na→ C10 H 20 N 2 S 4

1 −3
¿)× =1.24 ×1 0 mol of C10 H 20 N 2 S 4
2

−3 355.23 g
Mass of C 10 H 20 N 2 S4 =1.24 ×1 0 mol × =0.4405 g
mol

Actual mass
Percentage yield ¿ × 100
Theoritical mass

0.4355 g
¿ ×100
0.4405 g
 ¿ 98.9 %

DISCUSSION
Following the technique precisely in the lab is critical for obtaining accurate and
reproducible findings. Accurate reagent measurement ensures that the reaction's
stoichiometry is maintained, resulting in the intended outcome. Furthermore,
maintaining reaction parameters like temperature and time is critical for controlling
reaction kinetics and producing a high yield. Any departure from the technique could
result in undesired byproducts or incomplete conversion, which would reduce the
purity and yield of the finished compound.

Purification procedures are often used after the reaction to eliminate contaminants
from the solution. The major method for separating the solid nickel sulfate
hexahydrate from the solution is filtration (Tien, 2012). To remove any leftover
contaminants, the recovered solid is rinsed several times with deionized water.
Finally, the solid is dried under controlled circumstances to ensure that any leftover
moisture is removed. The purer the resultant nickel sulfate hexahydrate, the more
trustworthy the subsequent analysis and characterization.

The nickel (II) diethyldithiocarbamate (metal complex) produced with sodium

diethylcarbamodithioate yielded notable results, giving insight on important elements
of the compound's synthesis and characteristics. The synthesis technique produced
a significant amount of nickel (II) diethyldithiocarbamate (metal complex), proving the
effectiveness of the chosen reagents and reaction conditions. A high yield of the
intended compound (98.9%) was obtained, showing that the starting ingredients
were successfully converted into the target product. The optimization of the
synthesis, including the rigorous control of reaction conditions, aided in the
accomplishment of a maximum yield.

CONCLUSION
The light green solid of 0.4355g ¿) was obtained. The percentage yield was
calculated to be 98.9%. The experimental results show a high yield of the target
product, validating the effectiveness of the reagents used and the reaction conditions
used.

References
Atkins, P. et al., 2010. Inorganic chemistry. 5th ed. s.l.:Oxford University Press.

Khomskii, D., 2014. Transition metal compounds. s.l.:Cambridge University Press.

Tien, C., 2012. Principles of titration. s.l.:Elsevier.