Contents

Question 1: Colum Graph ..................................................................................................................... 3

Question 2: Possible environmental issues ................................................................................. 4
Question 3 Lesson plan for Agricultural Technology .............................................................. 5
Lesson objectives ................................................................................................................................ 5
Lesson phase.......................................................................................................................................... 5
Homework:............................................................................................................................................... 6
Summary regarding becoming informed Citizens, developing skills and suggestions
on alternative solutions. ...................................................................................................................... 6
Bibliography ............................................................................................................................................... 7

Number of group Initials and Surname Student number

members

1. L.M Oosthuizen 37987569

2. A Hattingh 38263815

3. T Oosthuizen 41253086

4. J.F Wehmeyer 41679334

5. D Badenhorst 42979897

6. Q Nel 42828740

7.

Minimum 8 8.

9. Got permission by Mr.

10. Letsika Leqoalaneto be
11. 6 in this group
Maximum 12 12. assignment.

2
 Question 1: Colum Graph

Audited landfill sites per province not complying and

complying with minimum requirements in the 2022
report
25

20

15

10

Sites theat were audited Comply with the min requirements Do not comply with min reguirements

3
 Question 2: Possible environmental issues

1. Groundwater Contamination: Contamination from poorly maintained landfills could leak

into the groundwater. Heavy metals, organic compounds, and other dangerous materials
found in the garbage can all contribute to this pollution. Because contaminated groundwater
can spread over wide areas and impact supplies of drinking water, it poses threats to
ecosystems and human health (Makhadi, Oke and Ololade, 2020).
2. Air Pollution: As organic waste breaks down in landfills, several gases are released, such
as carbon dioxide, methane, and volatile organic compounds. Higher amounts of these
gases may be released into the environment by poorly planned or maintained landfill sites,
which would increase air pollution and greenhouse gas emissions. This may worsen climate
change and have a negative impact on air quality, which may cause respiratory disorders
and other health problems in the areas that surround it (Please et al., nd.).
3. Ecological Disturbance: Landfills can damage nearby wildlife habitats and ecosystems.
Ineffective waste management techniques might draw scavengers and insects, upsetting
the native wildlife and vegetation of the area. Waste buildup can also physically change the
environment, causing ecosystems to be broken apart and biodiversity to decline. Moreover,
contaminants from landfills have the potential to seep into neighbouring bodies of water,
impacting downstream ecosystems and aquatic life (Makgae, 2011).
4. Soil Contamination: As soil is a mixture of different types of material like minerals, water,
lifeforms, and organic material it can easily be contaminated. People throw harmful products
onto the areas of the soil. The waste therefore is harmful toward soil health, as well to the
plant, animal, and human life. Soil that has unnaturally occurring levels of substance has
risks for human health and lead to soil contamination. (Society, 2024; Society, 2024).
5. Ecological Habitat Degradation: This is one of the biggest causes of biodiversity loss.
Ecological habitats are degraded when their value/ conditions begin to weaken due to
pollution, species that are foreign, and over-utilization of resources that are natural. Human
activity is a big cause when they alter these habitats. Habitats depend on fire or flooding.
When it gets taken away, these habits suffer a loss of the conditions. (Nebraska, 2024;
Nebraska, 2024)

4
 Question 3 Lesson plan for Agricultural Technology
Topic: Livestock Waste Management and Environmental Education
Grade: 10 Term 1
Date: 05/04/2024 Time allocation: 45 minutes
At the end of this lesson, learners will be able to…
Lesson objectives Recognize the effects that animal farming's unsustainable waste management techniques have on the environment.
Examine the methods of waste management used currently in livestock production and suggest substitutes for a sustainable approach.
Assess the viability and efficacy of different waste management strategies, in the context of the school.
Lesson phase Teaching Teacher activities Learner activities Resources Assessment strategies:
strategy / (method, form, criteria,
instrument / tool)
method
1. Introductory phase: Problem- Play a video to introduce the class and highlight the Pay close attention to the Whiteboard, Continuous assessment
based harm that livestock farming's poor waste video and take part in the conversation Teacher should make
1.1 Setting context instructions: management practices can do to the environment. conversation by with a video sure learners are paying
Demonstration. Have a quick talk on the significance of waste contributing their opinions presentation. attention.
management techniques in agricultural technology. on the material that is being
After that start a conversation on the value of given, as well as engage in
sustainable waste management in livestock farming the questioning by the
by asking the learners how they think managing teacher.
waste properly can benefit them, their environment
and community.
1.2 Ascertainment of Discovery To find out what the students already know about In response to the teacher's None Continuous assessment
prior knowledge Learning: waste management in agriculture, do a quick Q&A queries, provide information Students must
Discussion session. Ask the learners things like, "What do you and experiences from their participate in a class
understand by waste management in agriculture?" past. discussing. Observe if all
and "Can you name any waste management learners are
practices commonly used in livestock farming?" participating.
1.3 Problem statement Direct Provide information on how unsustainable waste Consider the information Charts, graphs, Continuous assessment
and motivation instruction: management methods affect the environment while that has been provided and and handouts Observe if all learners
Explanation highlighting how urgent it is to address these have a quick conversation containing show an interest in the
problems. Provide data and case studies that on the possible long-term pertinent lesson and understand
highlight the detrimental effects of incorrect waste effects of unsustainable information and the problem.
management in cattle farming, including greenhouse waste management case studies are
gas emissions, water contamination, and soil techniques. examples of
erosion. visual aids.
2. Teaching-learning Collaborative Split the class up into smaller groups and give each Work together in groups to Research Peer assessment
phase: learning: group a unique waste management strategy to investigate the concepts, materials, Students must follow
Questioning investigate (such as composting, producing biogas, advantages, and possible textbooks, and instructions, participate
2.1 Introduction and or vermiculture). Give them advice on how to carry uses of the waste internet access. in discussion and make
discovering of new out research efficiently and motivate them to look into management strategy they their own conclusions.
learning content a variety of information sources, such as books, have been allocated for
and/or skills. journal articles, and internet sites. animal production.

5
2.2 Application of new Problem- Each group will create a thorough proposal detailing Develop their ideas Budgeting tools, Continuous assessment
knowledge and/or based how their selected waste management method may cooperatively, exchanging instructor Observe if all learners
skills instructions: be applied at the school farm after their study is ideas and talking about advice, and are participating and
Explanation. finished. Give templates and instructions on how to potential problems and proposal developing their own
create proposals, stressing the need of taking solutions. templates. ideas to the project.
practicality, resources, and money into account.

3. Consolidation Direct Give learners homework in the form of activities Make notes on the None Homework is given at the
phase: Instruction- where they must identify the different types of waste summarized content, mark end of the lesson to
review and management and the application thereof. Summarize of which of the lesson assess if learners
questioning the content, list the lesson objectives, and ask if the objectives they completed understand and apply
learners have any questions. and understand. Ask the newly learned
questions on unknown knowledge.
content of confusion
regarding the lessons.
Homework: Students will polish their ideas and get ready to present them in the following class, making sure that every little detail has been well thought out and
recorded.
Summary regarding becoming informed Citizens, developing skills and suggestions on alternative solutions.
More informed Citizens In order to comprehend the significance of waste management in agriculture, students will see a video and participate in a conversation during the
introduction phase. Students learn how unsustainable waste management methods affect the environment and become more educated citizens by
looking at data and case studies on the subject.
Developing Skills During the teaching-learning phase, students investigate composting, biogas generation, and vermiculture as alternative waste management
methods in groups. Through this exercise, learners will enhance their research abilities as well as their comprehension of workable ways to reduce
waste in agriculture. Through the exploration of these approaches and their applications in livestock farming, students acquire the necessary
information and abilities to propose substitute practices that may be adopted in schools to minimize the amount of trash that ends up in landfills.
Suggesting Alternative During the consolidation phase, comprehensive plans for executing selected waste management strategies at the school farm are developed.
Solutions Students use their newly acquired knowledge and abilities to create these proposals, which offer workable solutions suited to the requirements of
their school. Students actively participate in discovering sustainable solutions in their community while also demonstrating their mastery of waste
management principles through this practical exercise. Thus, kids become more educated citizens, gain necessary skills, and propose alternative
methods to decrease waste in their educational environment through research, proposal formulation, and collaborative problem-solving.

6
 Bibliography
Makgae, M. (2011). Key Areas in Waste Management: A South African Perspective.
[online] www.intechopen.com. IntechOpen. Available at:
https://www.intechopen.com/chapters/18481

Makhadi, R., Oke, S.A. and Ololade, O.O. (2020). The Influence of Non-Engineered Municipal
Landfills on Groundwater Chemistry and Quality in Bloemfontein, South Africa. Molecules,
25(23), p.5599. https://doi.org/10.3390/molecules25235599

Please, C., Omer, R., Kirsten, G. and Naicker, V. (n.d.). POLLUTION FROM HAZARDOUS LANDFILL
SITES. [online] Available at: https://www.wits.ac.za/media/wits-
university/conferences/misgsa/documents/Pollution%20from%20Hazardous%20Landfill%20Sit
es.pdf [Accessed 8 Apr. 2024].

Nebraska, 2024. Nebraska Game Parks. [Online]

Available at: https://outdoornebraska.gov/conservation/conservation-challenges/habitat-loss-
degration-and-
fragmentation/#:~:text=Habitats%20are%20degraded%20when%20their,and%20chemicals%2
0from%20adjacent%20cropland.
[Accessed 9 April 2024].
Society, S. S., 2024. SSSA. [Online]
Available at: https://www.soils.org/about-
soils/contaminants/#:~:text=By%20definition%2C%20any%20substance%20in,that%20could%2
0cause%20soil%20contamination.
[Accessed 9 April 2024].