Spring Semester CAPE Laboratory 2024

Assignment - 3

Consider again the perfectly mixed CSTR of Assignment-2 where a first-order exothermic
irreversible reaction takes place (r = rate of reaction).
 E 
 
A  B, r  k0 e  RT 
CA

Heat generated by reaction is being removed by the jacket fluid. The reactor volume (V) is
constant.

Governing Equations:

(Subscript j indicates parameters related to jacket. Symbols carry their usual significance.
Refer to the figure.)

dC A
V  FC Af  FC A  rV
dt
  C p F T f  T    H  Vr  UA T  T j 
dT
 C pV
dt

 j C jV j j   j C j Fj T j 0  T j   UA T  T j 
dT
dt
Model Parameter Values:

Parameter Value Parameter Value

F (m3/h) 1 CAf (kgmol/m3) 10
V (m3) 1 UA (kcal/°C h) 150
k0 (h-1) 36⨯106 Tj0 (K) 298
(-∆H) (kcal/kgmol) 6500 (ρjCj) (kcal/m3 °C) 600
E (kcal/kgmol) 12000 Fj (m3/h) 1.25
(ρCp) (kcal/m3 °C) 500 Vj (m3) 0.25
Tf (K) 298

1. There are three steady states for this system. You must have identified the steady
states by setting LHS of the above ODE to zero and then solving the resulting
algebraic equations simultaneously using Newton-Raphson method or fsolve
function of MATLAB.

2. Now study the dynamic behaviour of the system by solving the above ODE using
a. your own code implementing Runge Kutta Method, and
b. MATLAB function ode45

as follows.

First consider any one steady state that you have obtained above. Now obtain 3
different initial conditions by perturbing the selected steady state by 1%, 5%, and
25%. Simulate the system of ODEs with these three different initial conditions for
time t = 0 to t = 50 and plot the three state variables (CA, T, Tj) vs time. Repeat for
other two steady states.

3. Comment on the stability of each steady state. Does the system go to new steady
state? Or does it return to the same steady state? Accordingly, categorise the steady
states as stable or unstable steady states.