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2 L I G H T N I N G P R O T E C T I O N I N T E R N AT I O N A L P T Y LT D w w w. l p i . c o m . a u
GUARDIAN LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEM 5
LPI’s Guardian™ CAT System 5 on the local codes and applications, other
materials such as flat copper or aluminium
LPI’s award-winning families of enhanced tape, smooth weave conductor or stranded
air terminals have the following key conductor may be used.
characteristics:
4. LPI Lightning Strike Recorder (LSR2)
• First company to introduce corona- which confirms system efficiency and
minimising terminals with optimised blunt effectiveness.
design and four independent panels;
5. An earthing system consisting of earth
• Extensive field experience with more than
rods, clamps, copper tapes and earth
50,000 installations over 15+ years in
enhancing compounds such as LPI RESLO,
more than 75 countries around the world;
SRIM PLUS or GRIP.
• Air terminal families designed to meet
direct-strike placement methodologies 1. A Family of LPI CAT (Controlled Guardian CAT Range
in compliance with various international Advanced Triggering) series air terminals.
standards; and 2. A Fibreglass Reinforced Plastic (FRP) LPI offers Guardian CAT Terminal in high-
• Proven technology based on international mast which provides an insulated mast for quality Stainless Steel.
research findings, modelling and field mounting of LPI CAT series air terminals. CAT X SS – ZZ
testing.
3. A purpose designed LPI High Voltage X: CAT terminal model. Model I, II and III
LPI’s GuardianTM System 5 provides a Shielded Cable (HVSC Plus) specifically
purpose-designed package for direct- designed for the conveying of lightning ZZ: Blank for standard version,
strike lightning protection. energy to ground. Alternatively, depending GI for 2 inch BSP GI Pipe adaptor
Capacitive coupling
Blunt, earthed Formation of ionised
lightning rod path for the lightning
Triggered arc across discharge
air gap initiates streamer
Air gap
3 L I G H T N I N G P R O T E C T I O N I N T E R N AT I O N A L P T Y LT D w w w. l p i . c o m . a u
GUARDIAN LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEM 5
25 mm x 3 mm
Earth Rods clamped to Copper Tape
Copper Tape
Tape Clamp
Flat tapes –
∆ Earth Rods –
Copperbonded (threaded or
Bare, Tinned & unthreaded), Solid Copper
PVC Covered, Copper or Stainless Steel
and Aluminium
∆ Earth Enhancing
Compounds
Stranded Conductors - to assist in
Bare, Tinned and lowering soil
PVC Coated (Copper) resistance
Smooth Weave Conductors -
Bare Al, Cu and Tinned Copper ∆ Mechanical
Earth Pits
Clamps and
4 L I G H T N I N G P R O T E C T I O N I N T E R N AT I O N A L P T Y LT D w w w. l p i . c o m . a u
GUARDIAN LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEM 5
Application
LPI GUARDIAN CAT TERMINAL
LPI’s Guardian CAT series terminals come in three sizes, ORDERING CODE: CAT I-SS
CAT II-SS
providing users with a tailored, customised design (provided by IMPORTANT: CAT III-SS
Guardian CAT terminal to be
LPI) for the application at hand. a minimum of 2 metres above
LPI UPPER TERMINATION KIT
ORDERING CODE: UTERMKIT-Mk3
the highest point of the
building. LPI SUPPORT MAST
LPI uses a software program called “CATCALC”. It takes into Recommended clearance ORDERING CODE: FRP-2M
height = 5 metres FRP-3M
consideration all of the key lightning parameters and site FRP-4M
factors relevant to the project, e.g., lightning activity, structure LPI INLINE COUPLING
height and dimensions, and level of protection (a choice of ORDERING CODE: ILCOUPLING
LPI GUY KIT
“Standard”, “High” and “Very High”). ORDERING CODE: GUYKIT-4M
GUYKIT-4M-SS
A key part of the calculations involves the identification and GUYKIT-7M
GUYKIT-7M-SS
allowance for “competing features” on the structure and LPI CABLE TIES
ORDERING CODE: SS-CABTIE-STD
elsewhere, which also have the ability to launch upward SS-CABTIES-L
leaders. Allowance for this phenomenon is critical, especially LPI HIGH VOLTAGE SHIELDED CABLE
ORDERING CODE: HVSCPLUS-PM
on tall structures and on sites that comprise more than one
LPI LOWER MAST ASSEMBLY WITH BASE
major structure. ORDERING CODE: ALUMB-3M
ALUMB-4M
ALUMB-5M
CATCALC designs are certified by LPI and therefore offer ALUMB-6M
additional security with regard to the provision of satisfactory
lightning protection levels, particularly in relation to the level of
lightning activity around the installation. LPI SADDLES AND FIXINGS
ORDERING CODE: SAD FIX
The protection radius computed for the Guardian CAT air BUILDING
terminals is dependent on a number of variables. The main
variables are:
• Structure height, via the original “Collection Volume”
model of Eriksson in 1987, where the striking distance has
a dependence not only on peak stroke current but also LPI HIGH VOLTAGE SHIELDED CABLE
structure height. ORDERING CODE: HVSCPLUS-PM
• The degree of electric field enhancement which depends on LPI LIGHTNING STRIKE RECORDER
ORDERING CODE: LSR2
the structure geometry, position of the CAT terminal on the
structure, the model of CAT terminal and any enhancement
multiplier effects due to sub-structures superimposed on LPI EARTH PIT
ORDERING CODE: EPIT-P, EPIT-C1D
the base structure.
LPI LOWER TERMINATION KIT
ORDERING CODE: LTERMKIT-Mk3
• The electric field distribution in the space between the
downward leader tip and the top of the structure or CAT LPI EARTHING SYSTEM
terminal. This calculation is based on a model of the LPI EARTH ENHANCING
TYPICAL PRODUCTS REQUIRED
FOR RADIAL & ROD LP EARTH:
COMPOUND
downward leader charge. ORDERING CODE:
4 X CBER3014
4 X RTC253
RESLO-20, SRIMPLUS-20, 1 X EPIT-P
• The velocity boundary that limits the striking distance GRIP-10 1 X RESLO-20
30 X FL6T253C
surface of the collection volume. This parameter is typically
defined via the velocity ratio of the downward and upward
leaders.
Structure height Protection Protection Protection
• Various other parameters, such as the cloud base height and
+ installed CAT Level - Level - Level -
the site altitude above sea level. 5 m above structure Very High High Standard
The table at right provides indicative attractive radii achieved CAT I CAT II CAT III CAT I CAT II CAT III CAT I CAT II CAT III
with the CAT terminals when placed according to the CVM / 10 35 40 50 50 60 70 70 80 90
IEEE Std. 998. 20 45 55 65 60 75 90 75 100 110
NOTE: Blank entries provide guidance on the structure height 30 50 60 75 70 85 100 80 110 120
at which the next model (larger size) of CAT terminal should be 50 70 85 95 110 120 130
used in order to provide optimum performance with regard to 80 75 90 100 120 120 130
space charge / corona effects, as described earlier. 100 75 90 115 120 128 130
The figures
in this table are 120 75 90 115 120 128 130
indicative only, a full
design should be completed 150 75 90 115 120 128 130
by LPI upon application.
All figures represented
as metres (m).
5 L I G H T N I N G P R O T E C T I O N I N T E R N AT I O N A L P T Y LT D w w w. l p i . c o m . a u
GUARDIAN LIGHTNING PROTECTION SYSTEM 5