Open vowels ɑ: and ʌ

/ʌ/ /ɑ:/

u jump, shut, rubble, much, subject ar arm, garden, guitar, large, dark
duck, truck, judge, puzzle, ugly farmer, scarf, marvellous, alarm
o ton, front, company, worry, money a glass, clasp, dance, nasty, answer
comfort, become, nothing, wonder fast, bath, ask, pass, tomato

Notice:
country /‘kʌntri/, rough /rʌf/
enough /ɪ’nʌf/, tough /tʌf/
touch /tʌtʃ/, young /jʌŋ/
blood /blʌd/, flood /flʌd/
does /dʌz/
Notice:
heart /hɑ:t/, palm /pɑ:m/
calm /kɑ:m/, half /hɑ:f/
laugh /lɑ:f/, draught /drɑ:ft/
aunt /ɑ:nt/, aren’t /ɑ:nt/
sergeant /‘sɑ:dʒənt/, psalm /sɑ:m/

/æ/ : /ʌ/

task 1. Which one do you hear?

dæm / dʌm My damn / dumb teacher said no.

ræg / rʌg Pass me that rag / rug.
bækt / bʌkt The horse backed / bucked.
'æŋkl / ‘ʌŋkl My ankle / uncle is swollen.
træk / trʌk I’ve lost the track / truck.
 Open vowels ɑ: and ʌ

/ɑ:/ vs /ʌ/

task 2. Which one do you hear?

hɑ:t / hʌt Show me the heart / hut.

sɑ:m / sʌm Could you read this psalm / sum?
kɑ:m / kʌm Why don’t you calm / come down?
kɑ:p / kʌp Put the carp / cup in the sink.

/ɑ:/ vs /æ/

Task 3. Which one do you hear?

kɑ:p / kæp It's a dirty carp / cap.

pɑ:kt / pækt Have you already parked / packed the car?
kɑ:t / kæt The cart / cat is noisy.
hɑ:t / hæt I’ve lost my heart / hat.

Task 4. Do you pronounce these words with /æ/, /ʌ/ or /ɑ:/?

ton moustache class double onion

trash shut apple darling month
fabulous dark one arch fantastic

Task 5. What are these words?

‘kʌlə glʌv spʌndʒ bɪ’zɑ: ‘bɑ:skət

‘mʌsl ‘mʌŋki 'ɡʌvən dɪs’kʌvə ‘mæsɑ:ʒ
‘ɑ:nsə rɪ’pʌblɪk mə’stɑ:ʃ ‘kʌmpəs
ɑ:nt 'hʌni dʒə’rɑ:f ‘strʌgl