KNOWLEDGE

SHARING
Food Packaging, Flexible
material application & its
properties and impacts
Food packaging:
Food packaging is defined as enclosing food to protect it from tampering or contamination from
physical, chemical, and biological sources, with active packaging being the most
common packaging system used for preserving food products.

Solid food Powdered/ Liquid/ paste

products granular products products
• Snacks • Tea • Beverages
• Chips • Coffee • Ketch up/ snack
• Biscuits • Dairy whitener dressings
• Pulses • Sugar/ salt • Edible oils
• Groceries • Floors • Pickles
• Dry fruits • spices • Fresh produce,
milk, curd, butter
FLEXIBLE PACKAGING
(LAMINATES FOR FOOD SECTOR)
Food packaging laminate structure

Printable Printing Adhesives/ Barrier Adhesives/ Sealing

layer inks extrusion layer extrusion layer

Food packaging laminate structure

Flexible packaging substrate in food packaging

 BOPP = Bi- Axially oriented Polypropylene

 Met BOPP = Metallized Bi-oriented Polypropylene
 PET = Polyester
 Met PET = Metallized Polyester
 PE = Polythylene (LDPE, MDPE, HDPE, LLDPE)
 MOPP = Mono Oriented Polypropylene
 AL foil = Aluminium foil
 PAPER
 CPP = Cast Polypropylene
 OPA = Bi axially Oriented Polyamide
 MOPP = Mono-oriented Polypropylene
 PVC = Poly vinyl chloride film
 Cellophane
1.- COFFEE
• BOPP + AL + PE
• BOPP + Met BOPP + PE
• PET + AL + PE
• PAPER + AL +PE
• PET + Met PET + PE
• PET + Met BOPP + PE
2.- RICE + PASTA

• BOPP + PE
• PET + PE
• BOPP +Met BOPP+ PE
• PE + PE
• PAPER + CPP
3.- FROZEN FOOD
• BOPP + Met PET + PE
• BOPP + Met BOPP + PE
• PET + AL + PE
• PET + PE
• PE
• Met PET + PE
4- SNACKS & CHIPS
• BOPP + BOPP
• BOPP + BOPP barrier
• BOPP + Met BOPP+PE
• BOPP + PE
• BOPP +Met PET + PE
• PAPER + Met BOPP + PE
• PAPER + Met BOPP
5.- SNACKS + DRIED FRUITS

• BOPA + PE
• BOPP + PE
• OPA + PE barrier
• Met PET + PE
• OPA barrier + PE
• OPA + OPA + PE
6.- BISCUITS + CHOCOLATE
• BOPP
• BOPP treated
• BOPP + Met BOPP
• Paper + Met BOPP
• PET + Met BOPP
7.- BREAD + CAKES

• CPP bag
• BOPP
• BOPP treated
• BOPP + Met BOPP
• PET + Met BOPP
8.- SOUPS / SAUCES /SPIECES

• BOPP+ Met BOPP + PE

• BOPP + Foil + PE
• PET + Foil + PE
• PAPER + PE
• PET + PE
• PAPER + AL + PE
9.- TEA

• Crimped PAPER
• White BOPP
• PAPER + PE
• PAPER + MOPP
• PET + AL + PE
• PAPER + Met BOPP
12.- DESSERT MIXES

• BOPP + PE
• PET + PE
• PAPER + PE
• PAPER + Met PET + PE
• PET + AL +PE
• BOPP + Met BOPP + PE
BOPP film parameters
& their impact at
customer end
 FILM PARAMETERS AND THEIR RELATED DEFECTS AND THEIR IMPACT AT CUSTOMER
Description Defect at our end Standards Impact at customer end Defect Photos at
customer
THICKNESS:
Thickness is most • Material shifting at
important property of the
BOPP. As lot of other conversion machines
parameters are also • Color variation in the
dependent on thickness
like Grammage, yield, printing
tensile etc. • Mis-registration
• Web break
• Material shifting at user
end.
• Pouching formation issue.
• Uneven thickness also
causes creases/ wrinkles.
Description Defect at our end Standards Impact at customer end Defect Photos at customer

Grammage
It should always • Gauge band • As the pouch/ package
be in tolerance and weight vary, the product
• Edge band
close to target. As weight will vary too.
it is very • Roll weight variation • Converter sell the whole
important • Yield variation material in weight. If
parameter at there will variation in the
conversion as a • Low GSM weight.
well as user end. • High GSM • Grammage variation can
As Grammage is With in cause poor yield.
directly relates tolerance
with the thickness (±5%)
of film, so defects
will be same.
Description Defects at our Defect Standard Impact at customer Defect Photos at customer
end Photos end

Density:
In Pearlised films and Orange peel effect As per standard • Color variation in lot to
white opaque films, density Opacity variation (different for lot
plays an important role. As transparent, matte, • Impact on yield and
in other transparent films, Pearlised and white Grammage of the films
opaque)
density is standard as 0.91.

Gloss:
Reflection of light when Low gloss Gloss is Low gloss will give poor
striking on the films define important eye appeal & makes low
its glossiness. Gloss is property for shelf impact to
directly impact on the
printable film customer.
printing of the laminate.
Majority of our films are
for printing,(transparent
film for reverse printing
and white and Pearlised
films for surface printing).
Description Related Defect Standard Impact at customer end Defect Photos at
Defects at Photos customer
our end
Transmittance:
is phenomenon, of Low/ High In transparent • Poor visibility of monolayers
amount of light passes transmittance film, it should be printed films.
through films. Low / High high and or white • Wrap around labels should be
Transmittance is very very low transmittance as
Haze opaque films and
important in matt films product will be visible (see
and white opaque films. Pearlised films, it through) from the label which
should be as low will gives a bad effect and eye
as it can be. appeal.
• Should be high transmittance
for see through application

Opacity:
phenomenon of the It is just opposite • For snack and biscuits, If
material which does not of the film is not opaque then it
allow light to passes transmittance. will be partially visible
through the material
It is very through the pouch which is
itself is called Opacity.
important in not good as per pouch.
Pearlised and • Low opacity also impact the
white opaque film. shelf life of the product.
• Printability will not looks
Description Related Defects Defect Photos Standard Impact at customer end Defect Photos at
at our end customer
OPTICAL DENSITY:
is a functional as • Poor SD film: 1.8 OD • As for barrier films If
well as aesthetic metallization MD film: 2.275 OD optical density is lower than
property of the surface HD film: 2.5 OD the limit. Then barrier will
metallised film. • Stickyness VHD films: 2.7 OD be poor.
Optical density • Hole • In term of aesthetics,
defines the • Tramlines metallised film also gives
Aluminum metal lusture to the product and
deposition on our If the density is lower than
film. the limits, pouch will not be
lustrous which impact its
eye and shelf appeal.

ORANGE PEEL EFFECT:

is a grainy effect of Low/ High orange Create an aesthetic • In our 0.54 density orange
orange. peel effect impact on consumer. In peel effect is high and it
our In-mould label reduces with respect to
category, orange peel increase in density.
effect is very important, • If wrong density film is
some of customer delivered to customer.
specially ask for orange
peel effect. It defines a
special effect on the
Description Defects at our end & Standard Impact at customer Defect Photos at
Defect Photos end customer

SURFACE TREATMENT:
Corona is basically a for all films: min. 38 • Picking
electron discharge dynes/cm • Poor printing
on the films. When In coated film: min. 48 • Blocking
electron bombards
dynes/ cm • Set off
on the surface of
films, it break the (No guaranty in metalized • Poor scuff resistance
oxygen of open air films) • Tape test fail
into O ion and O3 • Low bond strength
(ozone) the oxygen • Laminate failure
ion oxidize the • Poor laminate
surface and make it strength
reactive and active
for other material.”
Description Related Defect Photos Standard Impact at customer end Defect Photos at
Defects at customer
our end
Metal adhesion:
It is a very important Low metal bond Metal bind All metallised films goes for 2
property of our 100% metal strength with layer or 3 layer structure pouch.
metallised films. As transfer AIMCAL method If metal adhesion is low, with
metal is deposited on BOPP film. In lamination
our film.. metal bonding No metal transfer process, this metal will adhere
with the other films in tape peel test. with adhesive and NO bond
with suitable adhesives will be formed. Which results
is very important. failure of the laminate.

Tensile strength

The maximum force Web break issue It varies on the • Poor laminate strength
require to break a film is thickness and type • Web break issue
called its tensile of film. • Poor burst strength
strength. It gives strength to
laminate. Strength
should be as higher
as it can be.
Description Defects at Defect Standard Impact at customer Defect Photos at
our end Photos end customer

Elongation:
elongation at break, is It is related to the • Mis registration
the ratio between ability of a plastic • Poor tension control
increased length and specimen to resist • Repeat length variation
• Difficulty in runnability
initial length after changes of shape
• Image distortion
breakage of the tested without cracking
specimen at a controlled
temperature.

Shrinkage
(BOPP) film can have a (BOPP) film has a • Repeat length variation
low shrinkage in thermal • As in printing and lamination, material
machine direction shrinkage measured undergoes high temperature treatment for
(MD). In one after 5 min at 120 °C drying purposes, So the shrinkage should be
embodiment of the in machine direction min. to maintain the print repeat length in final
present invention, the (MD) of from 3.0 to stage
bi-axially oriented 6.0 %
polypropylene
Description Defects at our Defect Photos Standard Impact at customer Defect Photos at
end end customer
Co efficient of Friction
Coefficient of friction is High COF • Runnability issue
defined as the ratio of the Low COF on machine
force required to move (material shifting at
two sliding surfaces over conversion stage
each other, and the force and user end stage)
holding them together • High static issue
• Stacking of
product at
customer end

Heat Seal strength

Seal strength is the
tensile strength of
the seal at ambient
temperature. It is the
maximum force required
to separate the two layers
of a seal under particular
conditions.
Low Seal • Pouch failure
Strength • Pouch leakage
• Poor shelf life
• Drop test failure
• Contamination in
the product.
Defect description Defect Photos Standards Impact at Defect Photos at customer
customer end

More about physical defects

Oil drop pigeon Not acceptable • Contamination at

shit, water entrap, consumer level
foreign object, • Material not
insect stc. printable.
• Material will be
immediately
rejected at
customer end
Creases, wrinkles, • These defects
scratches, make packaging
impression bad
these create poor
impact of the
product on
consumer
THANK YOU!!