Form 5 Chapter 10

SPM 2023
Availability of food is low.
There is insufficient supply of high quality food in the local
market as well as for imported food.
One of the cause is human population growth explosion.
Food available cannot meet food demand.
Access to food is low.
Food cannot be obtained easily in order to meet nutritional needs of diet.
Poverty issue is serious in some rural areas or in certain countries.
They do not have enough money to buy food.

Food utilisation is low.

For undereducated individuals, they do not have the ability to get
enough nutrients by consuming food and drinking clean water as
well as good practices in food processing and preparation.
They do not have clean water supply & clean living surrounding.
Thus, they often consume contaminated food and drink.
They are prone to infectious disease related with food and drink, and
always suffer with malnutrition.
Food stability is low.
Each individual does not have access to get enough nutritious
food at all times.
This is mainly due to economic crisis, conflict in the country or
war.
Impact from climate change, such as unexpected El Nino
phenomenon, extreme weather change also leads to lower crop
yields.
Thus, food supply becomes not stable.
Urbanisation
The practice is vertical farming.
Vertical farming is the practice of
growing crops in vertically
stacked layers.
Thus, vertical farming can achieve
higher productivity on a small
land area.
This helps in ensuring food
availability.
Vertical farming does not need fertile arable land.
Thus it can be practiced in city, to support food demand in city.

Vertical farming grows crops in a fully enclosed & climate-

controlled environment.
Thus, vertical farming can be built in any climate or location.
It is not dependent on the weather and is unaffected by adverse
weather conditions.
Hence, consistent year-round crop production can be achieved &
high quality crops can be produced.
This helps in ensuring food stability.
Since the criteria of location of vertical farming is not strict, thus it is
possible to have vertical farms close to residential areas.
Food supply will be fresher when the distance between the
vertical farms and residential areas is short.
Transportation cost can be reduced as well.
Thus, citizens have access to fresh & cheaper food.

Pesticides are not needed in vertical farming as pests hardly

entering the controlled environment.
Thus, the crops will be free from chemical contamination, safer to
be consumed

As overall, vertical farming can overcome food crisis.

Vertical farming minimise water usage as hydroponic
system is applied .
Water is clean after usage, thus can be recycled and reused.

Vertical farming is environmental friendly.

It massively reduces the amount of fossil fuels needed, as farming
equipment or vehicles for sowing, fertilizing, weeding and
harvesting crops are not needed in vertical farms.
Thank you
SPM 2023