REDOX REACTION SHORT NOTES

Redox Reactions Co-ordinate Bond

Reaction in which oxidation and reduction occurs

simultaneously . +4

N
¢0 EN of donor < EN of
acceptor .

,
Acceptor -2
Oxidation Reduction
1) 0h00 -12

electron loose Electron

gain
-
-

"
a) K4[Fe( CN )s] b) [ cut H2O )4 ]
-

Removal of H2 -

Addition of H2
41+1 ) -1×+61-11=0 x -14101=+2
-

Addition of 02 -

Removal of 02
✗ =
-12 ✗ =
-12

Oxidation number increase -

Oxidation number decrease .

-12
c) [ Fe( H2O / g- NO ]

Oxidation number or oxidation state :

x -15101+1+11=+2

Charge present atom when all on its Bond are Broken Brown
ring test -11
-

.
✗ =

Based
electronegativity
on Minimum and maximum oxidation state
-

.
:

E. N -

F > 0 > N=C1

Min Max
to Bottom ENT
E. N Left to
Right EN↑ Top + 6
-

'

am -4 +4

915 -3 +5
Hydrogen H2O 0.5=0

NAH GIG -1 +7
0-5=-2

HF 0.5=+1 Caro 's acid 112505 5-05=+6

Fluorine Fz 0.5=0 Marshall 's acid 1125208 5-0-5=+6

Otherwise F exists as 05=-1 005 Co -

05=+6

NF, 0-5=-1 k3Co08 Co -

0.5=+5

Oxygen Reducing agent and oxidising agent :

oxidation state of
Generally oxygen
is -2
Reducing agent
-

which itself
undergoes oxidation .

except :

oxidising agent which itself

undergoes reduction
-

at Peroxides 112020.5=-1
0 -12 +2 0

b) 01=2 and 021=2 0-5=+1

In +
Cusog Znsog -1 CU
0 .A=CUS0g
c) Superoxide Koz 05
-1g
=

oxidation reduction RA=2n

Na°→ Native state
Amalgam Na
Hg
-

Note :

✗ -

Wala method :

element
at An
having highest oxidation state can act
only
at 112504 b) 11105 as
oxidising agent e. g. KMn0g .

21-111 -13C -141-21--0 I -131-21=-1

An element 05 can behave
✗ = -16 ✗ =
-15
b)
having minimum only as
reducing agent e. g. CHA .

c) C20a_ ( oxalate ion )

behave
2×-141-21=-2
c) An element
having intermediate 0.5 can as

✗ =
-13
both
oxidising and reducing agent .

e.
g. HNOZ
 REDOX REACTION SHORT NOTES
Carbon suboxide Toi Biomooctaoxide
nffooieactions :

C. 302 138308
No of atom )
nf { (
change in ONX
= .

o=C=c=c=0
110 1 0 1 0
"
+20 +2 0=138 -

Bo -130=0
KMn04 > Acidic medium Mn nf=5
"
avg -0.5=-1-4 % 8 0 Neutral medium Mn
"
nf=3
3
-1°
avg 0-5=-1
} Basic medium Mn nf=1
.

N factor
-

00 Valence factor Ferrous oxalate :

Htion
-

+2+3-2 +3 +4-2
a) Foo acids Numbed of ion taken
given 00011
-

Feczog "
Fe + CO2
HCl nf=1 =3
Nf
112504 nf=2 1×2=2

1×1=1
HNO } nf=1
Disproportionation reaction
Note
nf for substance too different
same can
vary
:

Reaction in which same element is oxidised and

reactions
reduced simultaneously
.

nf=1 1131004 -1 NaOH →

NaHzP04 + H2O

nf=2 H3P04 + ZNAOH →

Na2HP0a -121120 812 -1 NaOH > Nati + NAÉIO
Cold and dilute
nf=3 H3P04 -13 NaOH →
NazP04 -131120 nf=1
H'
- -

b) Base nf is number of OH ion

given 00 taken
-

oxidation
reduction
NaOH nf=1
Calotllz nf=2
1=2 does not show
disproportionation .

+5
Al / OH ) }
Nail
0
Nf =3
Ck -1 NaOH > + Naoto,

c) Salt nfisatotaltlle charge 00 total ve

charge Hot and conc
nf=5g
-
-

. .

NaCl nf=1
oxidation
A- 12150413 nf=6 reduction

142504 A- 1215041 } -241120

nf=8
-

Equivalent weight :
Eg .wt= Molar mass

d) Charge :

nf is
charge present on it .

nf
Nat nf=1
-13 a) 112504 nf=2 wt 91=49
e.
g.
=

At =3
nf 2
2-
☐
nf=2 Trick -

EHZSO , →
EH -1 + Eso ,"

Element 49
its
valency 1 96
-1
e) nfis
-
= =
.

2-
Na nf=1
98
Mg nf=2 b) 1131304 nf =3 e.
g. wt
=

3-
At
nf =3
eq.co/-=58i50nf=2
c) NaCl nf=1
1
REDOX REACTION SHORT NOTES
KIKO > titration
Normality
:
.

"
co -13-1 Fe
-13
No of
N
gram equivalent KIKO > 1- Fe Acidic medium
= -
> s

V01 of solution in L
.
Indicators :
Diphenylamine ,
Potassium
ferrocyanide
Goameq . =

Giameq .

Kz[ FEICN )o ]
"
Gram
equivalent Given mass KIKO > Fe
=

Eqwt kMn0y titration

" " -13
KMNOG -1 Fe > acidic medium >
Mn + Fe
Relation between
Normality and
molarity :

>
neutral medium > Mn
-14
+ Fe
-13

111=14 ✗
nf -16 -13
> basic medium > Mn + Fe

Relation between
gram equivalents and moles kMnOg is self indicator
Goameq Gram
'

a
eq
.
= .

" -12
moles Fe
Goameg ✗
nf 14h04 → Mn kMn0y
.
=

Pink colourless
Law of chemical
equivalence
:

A -113 → c + D 1 Unbalanced Reaction )

According to this law ,

Gram
eq Gram
eq Goameq Goameq
= .
= .
= .
.

Of A Of B Ofc of D.

Titration

process of determination of unknown cone . with the

help of known conc .

of Goameq
Goameq .
= .

Unknown of known

11/2/12 =
NIVI

N2Nf2 Nlnfl
=

Base titration Goameq

Acid +
Goameq
.
= .

Acid Base

Iodine ( Iz ) Indicator -

starch solution
g,

Iodimetiy Iodometry

Directly -12 used Iris not used

directly
-
-

I →
12
-152032 54062
- - -

Iz →
I +

-152032 -1-54062
- -

Iz → I