UNIVERSIDADE NACIONAL TIMOR LOROSA’E

FACULDADE ENGENHARIA CIÊNCIA E TECNÓLOGIA

DEPARTAMENTO GEOLOGIA E PETRÓLEO
DISCIPLINA AULA PRÁTICA PETROLOGIA

Name: Date
Sample code: Time
Type sample: Lecture: Osvaldo da Cruz Sarmento L.Eng. Ge. P.
DESCRIPTION OF FOSSIL PRESERVATION
Classification
Phylum Brachiopod Diagnostic Features
Bilateral symmetry
Calcareous or chitinous of 2 valve which enclose the body dorsally and ventrally
Valve are dissimilar (inequivalent) but area equilateral
Body has a food – gathering apparatus termed “ lophophore”
Life History
Larva stage : free swimming for short time
Adult stage : benthonic (living on sea floor) sessile

The adult brachiopod live Attached on sea floor

Cemented to substrate
Reclining in soft sediment
Structure of shell

a. Composition
Calcium carbonate (calcite)
Calcium phosphate
Chitinous organic substance

b. Differences between dorsal and Ventral valve

Dorsal valve is usually smaller than ventral valve
Ventral umbo overhangs dorsal umbo
Ventral umbo usually contains pedicle

c. Hinge (situated under umbo, along posterior margin)

Valve are held together only by muscle and body wall
Valve area held together by teeth and socket develop on hinge line

d. Feeding organs
Brachiopod are filter feeders gathering food particles from passing water currents

e. Ornamentation
Concentric growth lines
Ridges (thickening :costae) or fold (plicae) of wall –usually radial arranged
Spines for anchoring valve to substrate
CLASSIFICATION TAXONOMY
The major group (classes) of brachiopod are classified
a. Class lingulata
b. Class Inarticulata
c. Class Articulta
ECOLOGY
Marine benthic Epifaunal
Paleoenvironment indicators

(Field Observation in Outcrop)

Mold
Cast
Body skeletal fossil
Fragment skeletal
Traces fossil
Others