Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Essentials of
AT H LE T I C
I NJ U RY
M ANAGE M E NT
TWELFTH EDITION
W i l l i a m E . P r e n t i c e , P h D,
ATC , P T, F N ATA
Professor, Coordinator of the Sports Medicine Specialization,
Department of Exercise and Sports Science
The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill
Chapel Hill, North Carolina
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1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 LWI 27 26 25 24 23 22
ISBN 978-1-265-23674-8
MHID 1-265-23674-7
The Internet addresses listed in the text were accurate at the time of
publication. The inclusion of a website does not indicate an
endorsement by the authors or McGraw Hill LLC, and McGraw Hill
LLC does not guarantee the accuracy of the information presented at
these sites.
mheducation.com/highered
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Brief Contents
PART I
PART II
PART III
PART IV
Appendixes
Appendix A: Employment Settings for the Athletic Trainer
Appendix B: Requirements for Certification as an Athletic Trainer
Appendix C: Directional Movements for Body Joints
Glossary
Index
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Contents
Preface
Applications at a Glance
PART I
PART II
Chapter 7
Understanding the Potential Dangers of Adverse Environmental
Hyperthermia
Hypothermia
Overexposure to Sun
Safety in Lightning and Thunderstorms
Circadian Dysrhythmia (Jet Lag)
Altitude Illnesses
Air Pollution
Summary
Websites
PART III
Appendixes
Appendix A: Employment Settings for the Athletic Trainer
Appendix B: Requirements for Certification as an Athletic Trainer
Appendix C: Directional Movements for Body Joints
Glossary
Index
Page ix
Preface
WHO SHOULD USE THIS TEXT?
The twelfth edition of Essentials of Athletic Injury
Management is written for those students interested in the
fitness profession, kinesiology, coaching, or some aspect of
sport science or physical education. The majority of students
who take courses about the prevention and management of injuries
that typically occur in an athletic population have little or no
intention of pursuing athletic training as a career. However, it is also
true that a large percentage of those students who are taking these
courses are doing so because they intend to pursue careers in
coaching, fitness, physical education, or other areas related to
exercise and sports science. For these individuals, some knowledge
and understanding of the many aspects of health care for both
recreational and competitive athletes is essential for them to
effectively perform the associated responsibilities of their job.
Other students who are personally involved in fitness, or training
and conditioning, may be interested in taking a course that will
provide them with guidelines and recommendations for preventing
injuries, recognizing injuries, and learning how to correctly manage a
specific injury. Thus, Essentials of Athletic Injury Management has
been designed to provide basic information on a variety of topics, all
of which relate in one way or another to health care for the athlete.
Essentials of Athletic Injury Management was created from the
foundations established by another well-recognized textbook,
Principles of Athletic Training: A Guide to Evidence-Based Clinical
Practice, currently in its seventeenth edition. Whereas Principles of
Athletic Training serves as a major text for professional athletic
trainers and those individuals interested in sports medicine,
Essentials of Athletic Injury Management is written at a
level more appropriate for the coach, fitness professional,
and physical educator. It provides guidance, suggestions,
and recommendations for handling athletic health care
situations when an athletic trainer or physician is not
available.
ORGANIZATION AND COVERAGE
The twelfth edition of Essentials of Athletic Injury Management
provides the reader with the most current information on the subject
of prevention and basic care of sports injuries. The general
philosophy of the text is that adverse effects of physical activity
arising from participation in sport should be prevented to the
greatest extent possible. However, the nature of participation in
physical activity dictates that sooner or later injury may occur. In
these situations, providing immediate and correct care can minimize
the seriousness of an injury.
Overall, this text is designed to take the beginning student from
general to specific concepts. Each chapter focuses on promoting an
understanding of the prevention and care of athletic injuries.
Essentials of Athletic Injury Management is divided into four
parts: Organizing and Establishing an Effective Athletic Health
Care System, Preventing Injuries in an Athletic Health Care System,
Techniques for Treating and Managing Sport-Related Injuries, and
Recognition and Management of Specific Injuries and Conditions.
Part I, Organizing and Establishing an Effective Athletic Health
Care System, begins in Chapter 1 with a discussion of the roles and
responsibilities of all the individuals on the “sports medicine team”
who in some way affect the delivery of health care to the athlete.
Chapter 2 provides guidelines and recommendations for setting up a
system for providing athletic health care in situations where an
athletic trainer is not available to oversee that process. In today’s
society, and in particular for anyone who is remotely involved with
providing athletic heath care, the issue of legal responsibility and,
perhaps more importantly, legal liability is of utmost concern.
Chapter 3 discusses ways to minimize the chances of litigation and
also to make certain that both the athlete and anyone who is in any
way involved in providing athletic health care are protected by
appropriate insurance coverage.
Part II, Preventing Injuries in an Athletic Health Care System,
discusses a variety of topics that both individually and collectively
can reduce the chances for injury to occur. Chapter 4 emphasizes the
importance of making certain that the athlete is fit to prevent
injuries. Chapter 5 discusses the importance of a healthy diet, giving
attention to sound nutritional practices and providing sound advice
on the use of dietary supplements. Chapter 6 provides guidelines for
selecting and using protective equipment. Chapter 7 looks at ways to
minimize the potentially negative threats of various environmental
conditions on the health of the athlete.
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Chapter 1
Updated out of date information throughout this chapter.
Added information on occupational therapists and
emergency medical service providers as members of the
sports medicine team.
Chapter 2
Added new information on strategic planning.
Updated information on activities of ongoing daily athletic
health care.
Introduced new information on the Program Assessment for
Safety in Sport (PASS) and the Safe Sports School Award.
Added new information on hiring a certified athletic trainer.
Added new information on electronic medical records.
Totally reorganized and updated the section on
Preparticipation exam including new information on
information on Wellness, Cardivascular, Orthopedic, Mental
Health and General Medical Screening.
Updated information on Sport Disqualification.
Updated information on Injury Tracking Software.
Added revised athletic injury record form.
Significantly updated the recommended references and the
annotated bibliography to make them as current as
possible.
Chapter 3
Reorganized and updated the section on legal concerns
redefining negligence and assumption of risk.
Updated the current status of the Affordable Care Act and
general health insurance.
Added new information on billing codes.
Added new information on the National Provider Identifier
required for all health care providers.
Updated the recommended references to make them as
current as possible.
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Chapter 4
Updated information on the warm-up.
Updated information on the importance of flexibility in
improving performance and preventing injury.
Added a discussion of the effects of aging on strength.
Updated information on strength training for female
athletes.
Added new recommendations for how many times and for
how long an average person needs to exercise in a week.
Updated information on how to identify and calculate a
training heart rate.
Significantly updated the recommended references and the
annotated bibliography to make them as current as
possible.
Chapter 5
Clarified information on trans fats.
Updated information on the new 2020–2025 Dietary
Guidelines.
Updated new guidelines on food labels.
Updated information on creatine supplements.
Updated information on glucose supplements.
Clarified the distinction between natural and organic foods.
Added new figure on taking body composition
measurements and expanded information on body
composition.
Updated information on disordered eating.
Added new information on avoidant/restrictive food intake
disorder (ARFID).
Significantly updated the recommended references and the
websites to make them as current as possible.
Chapter 6
Updated list of equipment regulatory agencies.
Updated the latest NOCSAE Helmet Certification Statement
that must be affixed to all helmets.
Updated information on the use of face guards and mouth
guards in football.
Added new information on soccer headgear.
Updated information on commercial ankle braces.
Updated information on shin guards.
Significantly updated the recommended references to make
them as current as possible.
Chapter 7
Updated Table 7–2 on the immediate emergency measures
to reduce temperature in a heat stroke.
Updated information on treatment of exertional heat
exhaustion.
Updated Focus Box 7–2 on recommendations for fluid
replacement.
Add new figure showing frostbite.
Updated the management techniques for treating heat
stroke.
Updated information on lightning safety.
Added new information on circadian dysrhythmia (jet lag).
Added new information on altitude illnesses.
Added new information on air pollution.
Significantly updated the recommended references to make
them as current as possible.
Chapter 8
Updated Focus Box 8–3 to include the most recent 2020
American Heart Association guidelines for CPR.
Add new Figure 8–11C showing a SAM splint.
Significantly updated information on removing protective
equipment.
Added new Figure 8–16 showing a full body vacuum
mattress immobilizer and a scoop stretcher.
Significantly updated the recommended references and
annotated bibliography to make them as current as
possible.
Chapter 9
Added new information on infectious diseases.
Added new information on the immune system.
Added new information on the importance of vaccinations.
Added new Focus Box 9–1 Symptoms associated with a
COVID-19 or Delta-variant infection.
Added new Focus Box 9–2 Recommendations and guidelines
for preventing the spread of infectious diseases.
Updated statistics on numbers of patients infected by
various bloodborne pathogens.
Updated information on symptoms of HIV and on
management of HIV infection with antiretroviral therapy.
Added new information on use of hand sanitizer.
Added new information on options for wound closure.
Significantly updated the recommended references and
annotated bibliography to make them as current as
possible.
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Chapter 10
Added new information on using a cohesive elastic wrap.
Added updated and expanded information on kinesiotaping.
Added new specific kinesiotaping techniques.
Chapter 11
Reemphasized the discussion that clarifies the purpose of
this chapter and gives a caution about who is legally able to
suggest or supervise a program of rehabilitation for an
injured athlete.
Significantly updated the recommended references to make
them as current as possible.
Chapter 12
Added information on the integrated, the biopsychosocial
and Kubler-Ross models of psychological response to injury.
Added new information on psychological skills training
techniques.
Added new information on recognizing and identifying
mental health disorders and recommendations for referrals.
Chapter 13
Updated information on acute versus chronic injury.
Added new figures showing stress fracture X-ray and bone
scan.
Added new information on grade 3 ligament sprains.
Updated information on osteoarthritis to include not only
degeneration of cartilage but also remodeling of
subchondral bone and synovial inflammation.
Significantly updated the recommended references to make
them as current as possible.
Chapter 14
Added additional information on plantar fascia.
Added new Figure 14–11 showing fallen metatarsal arch.
Significantly updated the recommended references and
annotated bibliography to make them as current as
possible.
Chapter 15
Added new information on stretching and strengthening
ankle and lower leg muscles to prevent injury.
Added new information on the advantages of using ankle
braces.
Added a new section addressing chronic ankle instability.
Updated information on lower leg compartment syndromes.
Updated information on treatment of Achilles tendon
rupture.
Significantly updated the recommended references and
annotated bibliography to make them as current as
possible.
Chapter 16
Updated information that clarifies the mechanisms of injury
for both noncontact and contact ACL injuries.
Added new information on the psychological effects of
having to deal with an ACL injury and rehabilitation.
Updated information on management of grade 3 PCL
injuries.
Updated information on how meniscus injuries are managed
both short and long term.
Updated information on patellar tendinopathy.
Significantly updated the recommended references and
annotated bibliography to make them as current as
possible.
Chapter 17
Added new Figure 17–22 showing potential sites for
avulsion fractures in the pelvis.
Significantly updated the recommended references and
annotated bibliography to make them as current as
possible.
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Chapter 18
Updated terminology of the classification of
acromioclavicular sprains and Figure 18–16.
Updated information on care of glenohumeral joint
dislocations.
Updated information on correcting postural alignments to
treat shoulder impingement.
Updated information on rotator cuff tears.
Significantly updated the recommended references and
websites to make them as current as possible.
Chapter 19
Added a new photo for Figure 19–7 of olecranon bursitis.
Added new information on recognizing symptoms of
forearm splints.
Updated information on the causes of wrist tendinitis.
Updated information on treating hamate fractures.
Updated information on appropriate treatment of wrist
ganglions.
Clarified explanation of the causes of a Boutonniere
deformity.
Significantly updated the recommended references and
annotated bibliography to make them as current as
possible.
Chapter 20
Added new information on treating low back pain.
Added new information on the importance of core
stabilization exercises in treating low back pain.
Significantly updated the recommended references to make
them as current as possible.
Chapter 21
Updated information on management of inguinal hernias.
Updated information on kidney contusion.
Updated information on spleen injury.
Significantly updated the recommended references and
annotated bibliography to make them as current as
possible.
Chapter 22
Updated information on nasal fractures.
Updated information on deviated septum.
Added new Figure 22–11 on tooth fractures.
Updated and added new information on sport related
concussions.
Updated information on treatment of cauliflower ear.
Updated information on otitis externa and media.
Updated information on throat trauma.
Replaced Figure 22–19 with new photo of conjunctivitis.
Significantly updated the recommended references and
annotated bibliography to make them as current as
possible.
Chapter 23
Updated information on type 1 and type 2 herpes simplex.
Updated information on treating verruca warts.
Added information on Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) as a cause of
infectious mononucleosis.
Updated statistical information on the incidence of sickle-cell
disease.
Added new information on iron-deficiency anemia and iron
supplementation.
Added new information on the differentiation between
bacterial and viral meningitis.
Updated Table 23–1 classification of hypertension.
Updated list of contraindications to exercise during
pregnancy.
Significantly updated the recommended references and
annotated bibliography to make them as current as
possible.
Chapter 24
Added new definition of a performance-enhancing drug and
doping.
Updated information on narcotic analgesic drugs.
Expanded information on the use of diuretic drugs.
Updated information on anabolic steroids and human
growth hormone.
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Appendix A
Updated the information on employment of certified athletic
trainers in secondary schools.
Updated information on requirements for certification.
PEDAGOGICAL FEATURES
Chapter objectives. Objectives are presented at the
beginning of each chapter to reinforce learning goals.
Focus Boxes. Important information is highlighted to provide
additional content that supplements the main text.
Margin information. Key concepts, selected definitions and
pronunciation guides, helpful training tips, and illustrations
are placed in margins throughout the text for added
emphasis and ease of reading and studying.
Illustrations and photographs. Every illustration and
photograph throughout the book is in full color to help to
enhance the visual learning experience for the student.
Critical thinking exercises. Included in every chapter, these
brief case studies correspond with the accompanying text
and help students apply the content just learned. Solutions
for each exercise are located at the end of the chapters.
Athletic injury management checklists. These checklists help
organize the details of a specific procedure when managing
athletic health care.
Chapter summaries. Chapter content is summarized and
bulleted to reinforce key concepts and aid in test
preparation.
Review questions and class activities. A list of questions and
suggested class activities follows each chapter for review
and application of the concepts learned.
References. All chapters have a significantly expanded and
updated bibliography of pertinent references that includes
the most complete and up-to-date resources available.
Annotated bibliography. To further aid in learning, relevant
and timely articles, books, and topics from the current
literature have been annotated to provide additional
resources.
Websites. A list of useful websites is included to direct the
student to additional relevant information that can be found
on the Internet.
Glossary. A comprehensive list of key terms with their
definitions is presented at the end of the text.
Appendixes. For those students interested in learning more
about athletic training, Appendixes A and B provide
information about employment settings for the athletic
trainer and the requirements for certification as an athletic
trainer. Appendix C shows the directional anatomic motions
of the joints discussed in this text.
Page xv
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