PC-FKLG212.

Requirements for this paper/Benodighede vir hierdie vraestel: Resources/Hulpmiddels:

Answer Scripts/ Multi-choice cards (A4)/

Antwoordskrifte: X Multikeusekaarte (A4)
Attendance Slips (Fill-in Paper)/ Graph Paper/
Presensiestrokies (Invulvraestel): GrafiekPapier
Scrap Paper/ Calculators/
Rofwerkpapier Sakrekenaars
Multi-choice cards (A5)/ Laptop (Power not provided)/
Multikeusekaarte (A5) X Skootrekenaar (Krag word nie voorsien nie)

Type of Assessment/ Duration/ 3 Hrs 00 Min

Tipe Assessering:
Exam Opportunity:1 Tydsduur:

Paper Number/ Maximum Marks/ 100

1
Vraestel Nommer: Maksimum Punte:

Module Code/ Module Description/

FKLG212 PHARMACOLOGY IA
Modulekode: Module Beskrywing:

Examiner(s)/ Prof CB Brink-PC;Dr M Rheeders-PC;Dr Date/ 2019/06/12

Eksaminator(e): SF Steyn-PC;Dr PD Wolmarans-PC; Datum:

Time/
Tyd: 09:00
Internal/Interne
Prof L Brand-PC;
Moderator(s): Qualification/
Kwalifikasie: B.Pharm.
External Moderator(s)/
Eksterne Moderator(s):

Submission of answer scripts/Inhandiging van antwoordskrifte: ORDINARY

 AFDELING C / SECTION C [50]
Langvrae - ½ punt per feit
Written questions - ½ mark per fact

Vraag / Question 1
[10]
Bestudeer die onderstaande grafiek en beantwoord dan die vrae. / Study the figure below and then answer
the questions.

100
A
75
% E m aks

B
50

25 C

--
9 -8 -7 -6 -5 -4 -3
lo g [ A ] ( M )

a) Wat beeld hierdie figuur uit? (Wenk: Beskryf dit as ?? kurwes van ??). / What does this figure
represent? (Tip: Describe it as ?? curves of ??). (3)
b) Hoe sou jy die farmakodinamiese parameters van die A, B en C volledig beskryf?. Beskryf, waar van
toepassing, die lineêre en logaritmiese waardes van die parameters, en ook die toepaslike notasies
van “milli”, “mikro” en “nano”). / How will you comprehensively describe the pharmacodynamic
parameters of A, B and C? Describe, where appropriate, the linear and logarithmic values of the
parameters, and also the notations of “milli”, “micro” and “nano”). (5)
c) Watter geneesmiddel is die mees potente middel? Watter geneesmiddel is die sterkste? / Which drug
is the most potent? Which drug is the strongest?. (2)

Vraag / Question 2 [2]

Waarom is stimulus en effek soms nie direk eweredig aan mekaar nie? Noem twee oorsake met ʼn baie kort
beskrywing van elk / Why is stimulus and effect sometimes not directly related? Name two causes with a
very brief description of each.

FKLG212: Paper / Vraestel 1 | Exam 1st opp/Eksamen 1e gel | Full-time/Voltyds 13/16

Vraag / Question 3 [3]
Die pasiënt is op ʼn middel met ʼn halfleeftyd van 24-uur (1 dag). Beantwoord die volgende vrae: / The patient
is on a drug with a half-life of 24 hours (1 day). Answer the following questions:
𝟎. 𝟕 ∗ 𝐕𝒅
𝒕½ =
𝐂𝒍
a) Hoeveel dae tot gelyke vlak bereik is? / How many days to steady state? (1)
b) Wat sal die invloed van edeem op die halfleeftyd wees? How will oedema influence the half-life of the
drug? (1)
c) Wat sal die invloed van fenobarbitoon op die halfleeftyd wees? How will phenobarbitone influence the
half-life? (1)

Vraag / Question 4 [6]

Beskryf die verskil tussen ʼn direk- en ʼn indirekwerkende agonis deur na die volgende aspekte te verwys: /
Explain the difference between a direct and indirect-acting agonist by referring to the following aspects:
a) ʼn Gepaste voorbeeld van beide tipe middels te noem. / Name an appropriate example of both type of
drugs. (1)
b) Gee die farmakologiese klassifikasie van elk van u gelyste voorbeelde. / Give the pharmacological
classification of each of your listed examples. (1)
c) Beskryf kortliks die verskil in werkingsmeganismes van hierdie twee gelyste middels. / Briefly explain
the difference in mechanisms of action of these two listed drugs. (4)

Vraag / Question 5 [4]

Kokaïen word gereeld postoperatief vir sjirurgiese prosedures van die sinuskanaal, voorgeskryf. Brei uit op
die effektiwiteit hiervan deur die volgende vrae te beantwoord: / Cocaine is often prescribed post-operatively
following sinus surgical procedures. Elaborate on the effectiveness thereof by answering to following
questions:
a) Wat is die farmakologiese klassifikasie van kokaïen? / What is the pharmacological classification of
cocaine? (½)
b) Wat is werkingsmeganisme van kokaïen? / What is the mechanism of action of cocaine? (1½)
c) Wat is die effek wat kokaïen, spesifiek in die sinuskanaal, sal induseer? Verder, hoe is hierdie effek
nuttig in sό ʼn prosedure. Verwys asseblief ook na die spesifieke reseptore verbonde aan hierdie effek.
/ What is the effect that cocaine will induce, specifically in the sinus cavity? Furthermore, how is this
effect useful in such a procedure. Please refer to the specific receptors involved in this specific effect.
(2)

FKLG212: Paper / Vraestel 1 | Exam 1st opp/Eksamen 1e gel | Full-time/Voltyds 14/16

Vraag / Question 6 [8]
Beantwoord die volgende vrae rakende suksinielcholien en rokuronium: / Answer the following questions
regarding succinylcholine and rocuronium:
a) Wat is die farmakologiese klassifikasie van beide hierdie middels? / What is the pharmacological
classification of both these drugs? (1)
b) Wat is die werkingsmeganisme van beide hierdie middels? / What is the mechanism of action of both
these drugs? (5)
c) Watter reseptore word geteiken deur hierdie twee middels? / Which receptors are targeted by these
two drugs? (½)
d) Suksinielcholien kan maligne hipertermie induseer. Watter middel is effektief in die behandeling van
hierdie newe-effek? / Succinylcholine can induce malignant hyperthermia. Which drug is effective in
treating this adverse effect? (½)
e) Watter middel sal effektief wees in die behandeling van ʼn rokuroniumoordosering? Beskryf kortliks
die werksmeganisme van hierdie middel. / Which drug will be effective in treating a rocuronium
overdose? Briefly explain the mechanism of action of this drug. (1)

Vraag / Question 7 [6]

ʼn Pasiënt word na die ongevalle area van die hospitaal gejaag. Die pasiënt is deur ʼn by gesteek en het
intussen in anafilaktiese skok ingegaan en is bewusteloos. / A patient is rushed to the emergency area of the
hospital. The patient was stung by a bee and has since gone into anaphylactic shock and passed out.
a) Watter geneesmiddel sal u voorstel vir behandeling? / Which drug would you suggest for
treatment? (½)
b) Klassifiseer hierdie voorgestelde middel in terme van werkingsmeganisme en reseptorselektiwiteit. /
Classify this suggested drug in terms of mechanism of action and receptor selectivity. (1)
c) Verduidelik kortliks wat die effek van die voorgestelde middel op onderskeidelik die hart, respiratoriese
sisteem en bloeddruk sal hê. Onthou om die spesifieke reseptore wat betrokke is by die verwagte
effekte in u antwoord te inkorporeer. / Briefly explain what the effect of the suggested drug would be
on the heart, respiratory system and blood pressure, respectively. Remember to incorporate the
specific receptors involved in each of the systems when explaining the expected effects. (4½)

Vraag / Question 8 [4½]

Beskryf die verskil in reseptoraffiniteit tussen fenielefrien, adrenalien (epinefrien), isoproteronol en
dobutamien. / Explain the difference in receptor affinity between phenylephrine, adrenaline (epinephrine),
isoproterenol and dobutamine.

Vraag / Question 9 [2]

Salbutamol word onder sekere omstandighede spesifiek vir swanger vrouens voorgeskryf. / Salbutamol is
prescribed to specifically pregnant women under certain conditions.
a) Wat sal die indikasie vir salbutamol in hierdie spesifieke pasiëntpopulasie wees? / What would the
indication for salbutamol be in this specific patient population? (½)
b) Beskryf die werkingsmeganisme van salbutamol in terme van hierdie spesifieke indikasie. / Explain
the mechanism of action of salbutamol in terms of this specific indication. (1½)

Vraag / Question 10 [3]

Bespreek kortliks die verskil in farmakologiese werking tussen mesalasien en sulfasalasien en verduidelik
die terapeutiese implikasie daarvan. / Shortly discuss the difference in pharmacological action between
mesalazine and sulphasalazine and explain the therapeutic implications thereof.

GROOTTOTAAL / GRAND TOTAL: 100

FKLG212: Paper / Vraestel 1 | Exam 1st opp/Eksamen 1e gel | Full-time/Voltyds 15/16

File reference: 8.1.7.2.2

FKLG212: Paper / Vraestel 1 | Exam 1st opp/Eksamen 1e gel | Full-time/Voltyds 16/16