Unit 7: Grammar: Reported Speech Teacher : Mohamed

Teacher: Ali
Med Lahbib KATHI
Hamdane
!!When the reporting verb is in the present (says, asks, thinks, believe…), “NO CHANGES” are introduced into the TENSE of the indirect statement.
Example: “Education played an important role in my life”, he sayS.  He says that education played an important role in his life.
 When the reporting verb is in the past (said, believed, told…), “CHANGES” are introduced into the TENSE in the indirect statement.

DIRECT SPEECH Statements

 REPORTED SPEECH Commands, Advice, Request, Warning etc.
Present simple  Past simple
DIRECT SPEECH RPORTED SPEECH
“I am a student”, He said. He said (that) he was a student.
Command “Open the door!” his father His father ordered him to open the door.
Present continuous  Past continuous
(order) ordered him.
“ I am coming”, She said. She told me she was coming
 “You should give up He advised me to give up smoking.
Past simple Past perfect Advice smoking”, he advised me.
“Jack broke his leg yesterday”, He said that Jack had broken his leg the day
before. “Please, send me some The lady asked us to send her some
Request money”, the lady asked us. money.
Present perfect  Past perfect
He said that he hadn’t seen the film yet. “Don’t tell anyone this She warned me not to tell anyone that
“I haven’t seen the film yet”. Warning secret!”, She warned me. secret.
Past continuous  Past perfect continuous - “I can’t attend the wedding. I  He apologized for not being able to
“She was trying to be humorous”. He told me that she had been trying to be am sorry!”. He said. attend the wedding. (present or future)
humorous 
Future: “Will”  ‘Would’ Apology - “I couldn’t attend your  He apologized for not attending my
“I will win this game”, He told me. He told me that he would win that game. wedding. I am sorry!”. He wedding. (in the past)
Future: “be going to”  Was/ were going to said. 
“I am going to visit my grandmother” She said that she was going to visit her “I’ll send you my address”. She promised to send me her address.
grandmother. Promise She promised.
Can : “I can swim like a fish” he  Could: He said that he could swim like a fish
said. Questions
MODALS

May  Might DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

Must  Had to “Are you a student?”, He asked He asked me If I was a student.

Questions
Yes or No
Have to  Had to me.
Should/ Could/ might/had to  Should/Could/might/had to *NO CHANGE
“Do you live here?”, she wanted She wanted to know If I lived there.
to know.

I  he / she You  I/We/he/she “Where does she live? The old The old man wanted to know where she

Questions
Pronouns Changes my  his /her Your  My/his/her/our/their man wanted to know. lived.
we  they Mine  His/her Wh- “Why was the girl crying?”, the The woman wondered why the girl had
now  then here  there woman wondered. been crying.
Time and “When are you leaving?”, she She asked me when I was leaving.
this  that today  that day
Place asked me.
these  those yesterday  the day before
words “Can you swim now?”, He wanted He wanted to know If I could swim then.
tonight  that night tomorrow  the next day
Modals

Changes to know.
next week  the following week ago  before
last year  the year before/ the previous year “Will you come tomorrow?”, She She asked me If I would come the
asked me. following/next day.
Unit 7: Grammar: Reported Speech Class: Second Baccalaureate
!!When the reporting verb is in the present (says, asks, thinks, believes…), “NO CHANGES” are introduced into the TENSE of the indirect statement.
Example: “Education played an important role in my life”, he sayS.  He says that education played an important role in his life.
 When the reporting verb is in the past (said, believed, told…), “CHANGES” are introduced into the TENSE in the indirect statement.

DIRECT SPEECH Statements

 REPORTED SPEECH Commands, Advice, Request, Warning etc.
Present simple  Past simple DIRECT SPEECH RPORTED SPEECH
“I am a student”, He said. He said (that) he was a student. “Open the door!” his father His father ordered him to open the door.

Command
Present continuous Past continuous ordered him.
“ I am coming”, She said. She told me she was coming (order)
 “You should give up He advised me to give up smoking.
Past simple Past perfect Advice smoking”, he advised me.
“Jack broke his leg yesterday”, He said that Jack had broken his leg the day
“Please, send me some The lady asked us to send her some
before. Request money”, the lady asked us. money.
Present perfect  Past perfect “Don’t tell anyone this She warned me not to tell anyone that
“I haven’t seen the film yet”. He said that he hadn’t seen the film yet. Warning secret!”, She warned me. secret.
Past continuous  Past perfect continuous - “I can’t attend the wedding. I  He apologized for not being able to
“She was trying to be humorous”. He told me that she had been trying to be am sorry!”. He said. attend the wedding. (present or future)
humorous 
Future: “Will”  ‘Would’ Apology - “I couldn’t attend your  He apologized for not attending my
“I will win this game”, He told me. He told me that he would win that game. wedding. I am sorry!”. He wedding. (in the past)
Future: “be going to”  Was/ were going to said. 
“I am going to visit my grandmother” She said that she was going to visit her “I’ll send you my address”. She promised to send me her address.
Promise She promised.
grandmother.
Can : “I can swim like a fish” he  Could: He said that he could swim like a fish
said. Questions
MODALS

May  Might DIRECT SPEECH REPORTED SPEECH

Must  Had to “Are you a student?”, He asked He asked me If I was a student.

Questions
 me.

Yes / No
Have to Had to
Should/ Could/ might/had to  Should/Could/might/had to *NO CHANGE “Do you live here?”, she wanted She wanted to know If I lived there.
to know.

I  he / she you  I/We/he/she “Where does she live? The old The old man wanted to know where she

Questions
Pronouns Changes my  his /her your  my/his/her/our/their man wanted to know. lived.
Wh-
we  they mine  his/her “Why was the girl crying?”, the The woman wondered why the girl had
now  then here  there woman wondered. been crying.
Time and “When are you leaving?”, she She asked me when I was leaving.
this  that today  that day
Place asked me.
these  those yesterday  the day before
words “Can you swim now?”, He wanted He wanted to know If I could swim then.
tonight  that night tomorrow  the next day
Modals

Changes to know.
next week  the following week ago  before
last year  the year before/ the previous year “Will you come tomorrow?”, She She asked me If I would come the
asked me. following/next day.