LONG/SLENDER

COLUMNS

Principles of Reinforced/Prestressed Concrete | Engr. Antonio O. Parambita,ce, rmp

INTRODUCTION

➢ A column is said to be slender if its cross-sectional dimensions are small

compared with its length.
➢ Most columns are subjected to bending moments producing lateral deflection of a
member between its ends and may result in relative lateral displacement of joints
associated with secondary moments that are added to the primary moments and
that may become very large for slender columns leading to failure.
➢ A slender column may be defined as a column that has significant reduction in its
axial load capacity due to moments resulting from lateral deflections of the column.
➢ When a column bends or deflects laterally an amount ∆, its axial load will cause
additional moment applied to the column equal to 𝑃∆.
➢ Moment 𝑃∆ or 𝑃 − 𝐷𝑒𝑙𝑡𝑎 moment is called secondary moment. This moments will
be superimposed onto any moments already in the column.

Principles of Reinforced/Prestressed Concrete | Engr. Antonio O. Parambita,ce, rmp

Slenderness Effects

Principles of Reinforced/Prestressed Concrete | Engr. Antonio O. Parambita,ce, rmp

Slenderness Effects

Principles of Reinforced/Prestressed Concrete | Engr. Antonio O. Parambita,ce, rmp

Slenderness Effects

If bracing elements resisting

lateral movement of a storey
have a total stiffness of at least
12 times the gross lateral
stiffness of the columns in the
direction considered, it shall be
permitted to consider columns
within the storey to be braced
against sidesway.

Principles of Reinforced/Prestressed Concrete | Engr. Antonio O. Parambita,ce, rmp

Slenderness Effects

Principles of Reinforced/Prestressed Concrete | Engr. Antonio O. Parambita,ce, rmp

Alignment Chart

Principles of Reinforced/Prestressed Concrete | Engr. Antonio O. Parambita,ce, rmp

Alignment Chart

Principles of Reinforced/Prestressed Concrete | Engr. Antonio O. Parambita,ce, rmp

Moment Magnification Method

Principles of Reinforced/Prestressed Concrete | Engr. Antonio O. Parambita,ce, rmp

Moment Magnification Method

Principles of Reinforced/Prestressed Concrete | Engr. Antonio O. Parambita,ce, rmp

Moment Magnification Method

Principles of Reinforced/Prestressed Concrete | Engr. Antonio O. Parambita,ce, rmp

Moment Magnification Method

Principles of Reinforced/Prestressed Concrete | Engr. Antonio O. Parambita,ce, rmp

Moment Magnification Method

Principles of Reinforced/Prestressed Concrete | Engr. Antonio O. Parambita,ce, rmp

Moment Magnification Method

Principles of Reinforced/Prestressed Concrete | Engr. Antonio O. Parambita,ce, rmp

Moment Magnification Method

Principles of Reinforced/Prestressed Concrete | Engr. Antonio O. Parambita,ce, rmp

Sample Problem:

Problem No. 1:
A 375mm x 300 mm tied column braced against sidesway is subjected to a factored axial load
𝑃𝑢 = 500 𝑘𝑁 with a factored dead axial load 𝑃𝐷 = 180 𝑘𝑁. The column is bent in single
curvature about the y-axis with an unsupported length of 𝐿𝑢 = 4.6 𝑚. The factored moment
at the top is 110 kN and at the bottom is 120 kN. Assume 𝑘 = 1.0. Use 𝑓𝑐′ = 27.6 𝑀𝑃𝑎 and
𝑓𝑦 = 415 𝑀𝑃𝑎.
Given:
0.4𝐸𝑐 𝐼𝑔
𝐸𝐼 𝑒𝑓𝑓 =
1 + 𝛽𝑑𝑛𝑠
𝐸𝑐 = 4700 𝑓𝑐 ′
a. Determine the critical load using Euler’s Formula
b. Determine the moment magnification factor
c. Determine the equivalent eccentricity of the column section

Principles of Reinforced/Prestressed Concrete | Engr. Antonio O. Parambita,ce, rmp

Sample Problem:

Principles of Reinforced/Prestressed Concrete | Engr. Antonio O. Parambita,ce, rmp

Solution:

Principles of Reinforced/Prestressed Concrete | Engr. Antonio O. Parambita,ce, rmp

Solution:

Principles of Reinforced/Prestressed Concrete | Engr. Antonio O. Parambita,ce, rmp

Solution:

Principles of Reinforced/Prestressed Concrete | Engr. Antonio O. Parambita,ce, rmp

Solution:

Principles of Reinforced/Prestressed Concrete | Engr. Antonio O. Parambita,ce, rmp

Solution:

Principles of Reinforced/Prestressed Concrete | Engr. Antonio O. Parambita,ce, rmp

Sample Problem:

Problem No. 2:
A 300mm x 300 mm concrete column which is pin connected at
both ends has an unsupported length of 4.6 𝑚 . The column is
carrying a total factored axial load 𝑃𝑢 = 300 𝑘𝑁 and a lateral
concentrated load of 90 𝑘𝑁 acting at the mid-height of the
column. Assume 𝑓𝑐′ = 21 𝑀𝑃𝑎 and 𝛽𝑑𝑛𝑠 = 0.15.

a. Determine the critical buckling load.

b. Determine the magnification factor
c. Determine the total moment including the secondary
moment due to lateral deflection.

Principles of Reinforced/Prestressed Concrete | Engr. Antonio O. Parambita,ce, rmp

Solution:

Principles of Reinforced/Prestressed Concrete | Engr. Antonio O. Parambita,ce, rmp

Solution:

Principles of Reinforced/Prestressed Concrete | Engr. Antonio O. Parambita,ce, rmp

Solution:

Principles of Reinforced/Prestressed Concrete | Engr. Antonio O. Parambita,ce, rmp

Solution:

Principles of Reinforced/Prestressed Concrete | Engr. Antonio O. Parambita,ce, rmp