TECHNOLOGICAL INSTITUTE OF THE PHILIPPINES

938 Aurora Boulevard, Cubao, Quezon City

CLARK
INTERNATION
AL AIRPORT
AFTER
ACTION
REPORT
_____________________________________________________________________
How CLARK INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT development NEGATIVELY affects people
_____________________________________________________________________
In today’s economy, airports and aviation are one of the major factors of
growth and success of a country. apart from its importance in a country, it also has a negative
impact that also affects massively in other sectors, mainly Environmental sector. Since year
2000, there are studies and research discussing about the environmental impact of airport
development. “According to P.J Mullen (2000), Air transport has become an international
industry and business. One could argue that it has become one of the infrastructure systems
necessary to the maintenance of a global economy. As this trend continues, the potential to
adversely affect the environment on a global scale will also increase.” Since the occurrence of
airport development in numerous countries for businesses, leisure’s of people, economical
growth of countries and etc.
The country's economy has changed a lot but along with the development of a country is the
rise of its bad effects on people especially those living near this development, living creatures,
natural resources and others. Environment sector are the most affected by this development.
This includes the land take, noise, air pollution, water quality and other natural resources and
habitats and etc.
 Air Pollution
o Air pollution from airports and aircraft comes from a variety of sources such as
the emission of unwanted gasses from aircrafts (Kerosene) which might affect
the quality of air in nearby neighborhoods is a big factor.
 Habitat Disruption
o Cutting trees, Water infiltration and etc. shall be implemented to start the
construction of an airport. This massively affect the biodiversity
 Climate Change
o The so-called greenhouse gasses will also be the negative impact. The gasses
emitted by the vehicles especially the aircrafts which emits large amount of gas
to fully operate a flight. This contributes a lot and will affect the thinning of the
ozone layer and might lead to worst scenario in the future.
TECHNOLOGICAL
The development of ClarkINSTITUTE Preparedmay
International Airport expansion by: result
TANIG, in JUDE S.
a number of
ARCH. STUDENT
OF THEissues,
environmental PHILIPPINES
including as disturbance of natural habitats, noise pollution, increased air
T.I.P - QC
938that
traffic Aurora Boulevard,
pollutes Cubao, Quezon
the atmosphere, and City
the possibility of water pollution from construction-
Tel. No: (+632) 8911-7199 / (+632) 8911-0964 Prepared for: AR.EDUARDO BOBER
info@tip.edu.ph ARCHITECT
T.I.P - QC
related runoff. Furthermore, the infrastructure frequently results in deforestation, which may
have a detrimental effect on nearby ecosystems.
Reference:https://www.manilatimes.net/2024/01/17/business/top-business/new-road-facilities-set-for-clark airport/1928425?
_____________________________________________________________________
fbclid=IwAR1OOUbbOX6QhFSdVg-OrCXUe3LpTFj8xT_bouiBUJM7p94bXxHt4wwpDe4

How to RESOLVE or REDUCE the Negative impact of Airport Development?

_____________________________________________________________________

Despite of numerous negative impacts of Airport Development such as Air Pollution,

Habitat disruption, Climate Change and etc. There are also certain ways to reduce or much
better, put a solution to the impacts of this development that can improve our quality of living.
 Implementing sustainable process
o The solution to the environmental impact of airport development lies in
implementing sustainable technologies and environmentally friendly
practices. This includes reducing fuel consumption, emissions, and
noise during aircraft operations such as take-off, taxi, and turn-over
procedures. (Sumathi, et.al. 2018). Incorporating green building
designs, sustainable construction materials and extensive research
about site will help to reduce the negative impacts of Airport
development
 Incorporating Technology to the development
o This solution will give larger improvement to existing problems of an
airport development. According to Sullivan (2020), A breakthrough in the
use of another type of fuel that is greener, like biofuels, hydrogen, solar
panels, and batteries, could save the world from the degradation of the
environment by aircraft engines running on kerosene. This solution has
been used on other development and shows a higher rate of
improvement by implementing technology.
_____________________________________________________________________
What root causes the POSITIVE DEVELOPMENT?
_____________________________________________________________________

Airport development is one of the developments that is very essential to the growth of
a country because of economical growth. This serves as a bridge to export goods to other
countries; this also can bring new jobs and economic opportunities to the surrounding
communities and also can increase tourism and business development. According to Sheard
(2015) “Airport expansion leads to a net increase in employment for existing residents, with
 approximately half of the jobs created representing this increase, while the other half are filled
_____________________________________________________________________
by workers who migrate to the area. “
How CLARK INTERNATIONAL AIRPORT development POSITIVELY affects people
_____________________________________________________________________

Main factor why this development, positively affects the country is the urban growth.
According to Sheard (2015), “Airport expansion leads to a net increase in employment for
existing residents, with approximately half of the jobs created representing this increase, while
the other half are filled by workers who migrate to the area. The positive impact of airports on
urban growth suggests that investing in airport improvements can be beneficial for local
economies, stimulating job creation and economic development.” With three jobs produced
outside of the airport for every job established at the airport as a result of increased traffic, the
study emphasizes the multiplier effect of airport growth. Other than Economical improvements,
these are the following are the positive effects of airport expansion.
 Increased tourism. Facilitating travel to and from the area through airport
expansion can enhance tourism and strengthen the local economy.
 Improved transportation: More flights and better transit alternatives are two benefits of
a larger airport for the local population, making business and leisure travel easier.

This positive impact focuses more in socio-economic impact to the country. This plays a large
role because Airport expansion depends on socioeconomic development because it raises living
standards, strengthens a nation's infrastructure as a whole, and promotes economic activity.
Airport expansion can enhance investment, trade, and tourism, resulting in higher income and
the development of jobs. Moreover, enhanced connectivity boosts a country's ability to compete
internationally and encourages regional growth. According to Ka (2006), The economic benefits
of airports are significant for a local economy in terms of employment, household income, and
taxation revenue. Airport development can lead to the crossing of important thresholds in terms
of economies of scale, scope, and density, fostering local development and making the region
quasi-independent of others. The presence of major airports and high-quality air transport can
attract high-technology jobs and other administrative and auxiliary-related jobs, contributing to
the growth of the region. Air transportation and airports play a crucial role in facilitating
economic growth, particularly in developing countries and regions. Airports have multiple
impacts on the regional economy, including employment and income generation, induced
economic activities, and attracting high-technology companies.
REFERENCES:
 https://typeset.io/papers/the-impacts-of-air-transportation-and-airport-on-regional-
3htptgb0kw
 https://www.quora.com/What-are-some-of-the-positive-and-negative-effects-of-
airport-expansion-on-surrounding-communities#:~:text=Some%20of%20the
%20potential%20positive,increase%20tourism%20and%20business
%20development.
 https://typeset.io/papers/airport-improvements-and-urban-growth-1eajj7tsqs
 https://typeset.io/papers/green-airports-solution-to-stop-pollution-3fx79smpdv
 https://www.conserve-energy-future.com/effects-solutions-air-travel-
environment.php
 https://www.dw.com/en/to-fly-or-not-to-fly-the-environmental-cost-of-air-travel/a-
42090155
 https://www.e-unwto.org/doi/pdf/10.18111/9789284417247