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1/21/24, 5:25 PM Introduction To Cognitive Psychology - - Unit 3 - Week 0: Prerequisite
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Assignment 0
(https://examform.nptel.ac.in/2024_01/exam_form/dashboard)
If already registered, click to Your last recorded submission was on 2024-01-21, 17:24 IST
check your payment status 1) If you want to learn about cause and effect, you must use the experimental method 1 point
True
False
Course outline
Yes, the answer is correct.
Score: 1
About NPTEL () Accepted Answers:
True
How does an NPTEL
online course work? () 2) It is easier to recognize the letter “X” within the word “TEXT” than the letter “X” presented on its own 1 point
Week 0: Prerequisite () True

False
Practice: Assignment 0
(assessment?name=112) Yes, the answer is correct.
Score: 1
Week 01: History and Accepted Answers:
Research Methods of False
Cognitive Psychology ()
3) Suppose you look at a vehicle and end up by just remembering ‘—nda’ from the manufacturers name. You then come up with the Honda to the 1 point
manufacturer’s name. You have used
bottom up processing
top down processing
primacy effect
recency effect

Score: 1
Accepted Answers:
top down processing
4) Eye witness testimony are mostly flawed. A optimal method for improving the accuracy of such testimony is 1 point
police interview
hypnosis
cognitive interview
cued recall

Score: 1
Accepted Answers:
cognitive interview
5) Ramu is given directions to village temple. After some time he remembers only the first couple of instructions. This phenomena illustrates 1 point
primacy effect
recency effect
forgetting
availability

Score: 1
Accepted Answers:
primacy effect
6) The belief that most of our abilities and tendencies are with us from birth is known as 1 point
nativism
empiricism
associationism
introspection

Score: 1
Accepted Answers:
nativism
7) Noam Chomsky revolutionized the field of _________ and showed how behaviorism could not adequately explain language 1 point
neuroscience
computer science
human factors
linguistics

Score: 1
Accepted Answers:
linguistics
8) That guest star on your favorite television show looks familiar. You’re sure that you’ve seen him before, but you can’t think of his name. The fact 1 point
that you know you have seen the face before
perception
attention
recognition
recall

Score: 1
Accepted Answers:
recognition
9) The belief that psychological phenomena cannot be reduced to simple elements but must be studied in their entirety is central to the school 1 point
known as
Structuralism
Gestalt psychology
Functionalism
Behaviorism
Score: 1
Accepted Answers:
Gestalt psychology
10) A body of knowledge structured according to what its proponents consider important, which guides research topics and research methods, is 1 point
called a ___________
paradigm
hypothesis
methodology
metaphor

Score: 1
Accepted Answers:
paradigm
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Your score is: 10/10
https://onlinecourses.nptel.ac.in/noc24_hs39/unit?unit=16&assessment=112 1/2
1/21/24, 5:25 PM Introduction To Cognitive Psychology - - Unit 3 - Week 0: Prerequisite
1/21/24, 4:13 PM Introduction To Cognitive Psychology - - Unit 4 - Week 01: History and Research Methods of Cognitive Psychology
Assessment submitted.
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Assignment 1
Your last recorded submission was on 2024-01-21, 15:09 IST Due date: 2024-02-07, 23:59 IST.
All questions are compulsory.
Marks [1x10= 10]
Course outline
About NPTEL () 1) The belief that psychological phenomena cannot be reduced to simple elements but must be studied in their entirety is central 1 point
to the school known as:
How does an NPTEL
online course work? ()
Structuralism.
Gestalt psychology.
Week 0: Prerequisite () Functionalism.
Behaviorism
Week 01: History and
Research Methods of 2) Wilhelm Wundt and his students used a technique known as _________ to study mental states. 1 point
behaviorism
Lec 1 : A Brief History of
Cognitive Psychology-01
intensity measurement
(unit?unit=18&lesson=19) componentialism
Lec 2 : A Brief History of introspection

Cognitive Psychology-02
(unit?unit=18&lesson=20) 3) The term “limited capacity processors” suggests that: 1 point
Lec 3 : Studying Cognition computers have limited memory storage.

(unit?unit=18&lesson=21)
human beings can only do so many things at once.
Text Notes (unit?
neurons can only fire at a certain rate.
unit=18&lesson=22)
processing in the brain occurs in parallel
Week 01: Feedback form
(unit?unit=18&lesson=23) 4) Which psychologist extensively tested his own memory to develop theories of cognition? 1 point
Quiz: Assignment 1
Aristotle
(assessment?name=113)
Wundt
Ebbinghaus
Chomsky
5) The ______ is a method of gaining knowledge in a field that relies on observations of phenomena and allows for tests of hypotheses about these 1 point
phenomena.
representationalist approach
biological perspective
scientific method
embodied cognition approach
6) Which of the following is NOT an example of a cognitive process? 1 point
attention
perception
reflex
recognition
7) One difference between functionalism and structuralism was that: 1 point
functionalists emphasized laboratory experimentation more than structuralists.

functionalists wanted to study whole organisms in real-life tasks.
structuralists drew more heavily on Darwinian theory.
structuralists were more interested in habit formation.
8) Cognitive psychologists who focus on the role of consciousness in human thought processes want to know how much ______ we have in our 1 point
behaviors.
repetitiveness
social dysfunction
ability
conscious choice
9) The _______________ was a rejection of the prevailing assumption that mental events were beyond the realm of scientific study. 1 point
cognitive revolution
behaviorist rebellion
human factors movement
psychodynamic theory
10) The idea of natural selection is central to which paradigm? 1 point
information processing
connectionist
evolutionary
Developmental
You may submit any number of times before the due date. The final submission will be considered for grading.
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2/7/24, 8:28 PM Introduction To Cognitive Psychology - - Unit 5 - Week 02: Object Perception and Recognition
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Assignment 2
Marks [1x10= 10]
Course outline
About NPTEL () 1) Which of the following represents a good example of a proximal stimulus? 1 point
a book on a shelf
How does an NPTEL
online course work? () a tree in your yard
a building on the horizon
Week 0: Prerequisite () the retinal image formed by a tree
Week 01: History and 2) Subjective contours are thought to: 1 point
Research Methods of
Cognitive Psychology () be the result of simplifying a complex display.
occur only with the perceiver’s awareness of the process.
Week 02: Object
require no active participation on the perceiver’s part.
Perception and
Recognition () require both awareness and active participation.
Lec 1 : Perception:Basic 3) A stencil provides a good analogy for the theory of: 1 point
Principles (unit?
unit=24&lesson=25) prototype matching.
Lec 2 : Models of Perception- template matching.

01 (unit?unit=24&lesson=26) good continuation.
Lec 3 : Models of Perception- featural analysis.
02 (unit?unit=24&lesson=27)
4) When we use knowledge of objects to aid in our perception of them, we are using ______. 1 point
Text Notes (unit?
unit=24&lesson=28)
the “where” pathway
Week 02:Feedback form bottom-up processing
top-down processing
Quiz: Assignment 2 sensations
5) You come home, and your house is a mess. The garbage is spilled all over the kitchen, there are rolls of toilet paper strewn about, and all of your 1 point
Week 03: Attentional
decorative trinkets are broken on the floor, but nothing is missing. Your dog and cat are sitting calmly in the middle of the mess. According to the principle of
Processes and Cognition
() Pragnanz, what would you assume caused the mess?
an earthquake
a robber
your cat and dog
your neighbor’s child
6) When making a decision, we are likely to weigh all of the possible choices we could make. This is most similar to the concept of ______ in 1 point
perception.
top-down processing
closure
proximity
affordances
7) __________ are to visual perception what phonemes are to language, according to Biederman. 1 point
Receptors
Retinas
Distal stimuli
Geons
8) In David Marr’s model of vision, which stage of the process incorporates primarily bottom-up knowledge? 1 point
the primal sketch

the 2 ½ D sketch
the 3-D sketch
both the primal sketch and the 2 ½ D sketch
9) Which of the following explains the phenomenon of reversible images the best 1 point
figure-ground organization.
size constancy.
dimensionality.
retinal imagery.
10) The meaningful interpretation of a proximal stimulus is called the: 1 point
percept.
sensation.
distal stimulus.
illusion.
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2/12/24, 7:37 PM Introduction To Cognitive Psychology - - Unit 6 - Week 03: Attentional Processes and Cognition
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Assignment 3
If already registered, click to Your last recorded submission was on 2024-02-03, 18:22 IST Due date: 2024-02-14, 23:59 IST.
Marks [1x10= 10]
1) Which of the following is an analogy used to describe attention? 1 point

Course outline
a filter of information
About NPTEL () a key fitting into a lock
a light that turns on and off repeatedly
How does an NPTEL
a barrier that separates the features of the environment
Week 0: Prerequisite () 2) Treisman’s feature integration theory argues that: 1 point
we perceive objects in two distinct stages.

Research Methods of we can only process one piece of information at a time.
Cognitive Psychology () we have a flexible capacity for processing information.
controlled processes do not interfere with each other the way automatic processes do
Week 02: Object
Perception and 3) Which of the following factors does NOT influence the allocation of mental resources in Kahneman’s capacity model? 1 point
Recognition ()
the state of arousal
Week 03: Attentional the difficulty of the task
enduring dispositions
()
the lateness of selection
Lec 1 : Basic Attention
Processes (unit? 4) Stroop interference lessens when: 1 point
unit=30&lesson=31)
participants are better readers.
Lec 2 : Models of Attention
(unit?unit=30&lesson=32) participants are given more practice at naming colors.
participants are girls rather than boys.
Lec 3 : Automization and
Attention (unit? participants are encouraged to focus carefully.
unit=30&lesson=33)
5) Which of the following is true regarding controlled processing? 1 point
Text Notes (unit?
unit=30&lesson=34)
It is used with routine or familiar tasks.
Week 3: Feedback form (unit? It usually operates in parallel.
unit=30&lesson=35)
It requires attention.
Quiz: Assignment 3 It is unaffected by massive amounts of practice
6) According to the attention hypothesis of automatization, 1 point

Week 04: Memory
Introduction ()
attention is needed during the practice phase of a task.
attention determines what gets learned during practice.
attention determines what will be remembered from the practice.
attention is needed during practice, and determines both what is learned during practice and what will be remembered from the practice
7) The “cocktail party effect” refers to the fact that shadowing performance is disrupted when _______ is embedded in the unattended message. 1 point
backward speech
the listener’s name
a section of repeated words
music
8) Noticing a red flower among a field of purple flowers illustrates ______. 1 point
the attention capture phenomenon

the cocktail party effect
the bottleneck of attention
a shadowing task
9) According to ____ theory, we never actually acquire unattended material at all. 1 point
schema
bottleneck
attenuation
filter
10) Which of the following is a characteristic of an automatic process? 1 point
It only occurs intentionally.

It gives rise to conscious awareness.
It does not interfere with other activities.
It does not operate in parallel.
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2/12/24, 7:37 PM Introduction To Cognitive Psychology - - Unit 6 - Week 03: Attentional Processes and Cognition
4/14/24, 9:25 PM Introduction To Cognitive Psychology - - Unit 7 - Week 04: Memory Introduction
Announcements (announcements) About the Course (preview) Q&A (forum) Progress (student/home) Mentor (student/mentor)

Assignment 4
The due date for submitting this assignment has passed.
Course outline Due on 2024-02-21, 23:59 IST.
About NPTEL () Assignment submitted on 2024-02-13, 14:30 IST

How does an NPTEL
Marks [1x10= 10]
1) The calling to mind of previously stored information is known as: 1 point
Week 0: Prerequisite ()
retrieval
Week 01: History and encoding
Research Methods of storage
forgetting
Week 02: Object Yes, the answer is correct.

Score: 1
Perception and
Accepted Answers:
Recognition ()
retrieval

2) Information is held in _____ for 20 to 30 seconds. 1 point
()
sensory memory
short-term memory
Week 04: Memory
Introduction () long-term memory
secondary memory
Lec 1 : Memory Introduction
(unit?unit=36&lesson=37) Yes, the answer is correct.
Score: 1
Lec 2 : Short Term Memory Accepted Answers:
(unit?unit=36&lesson=38) short-term memory
Lec 3 : Working Memory

3) In Waugh and Norman's probe digit task, 1 point
Text Notes (unit? faster presentation rates improved performance.

unit=36&lesson=40) faster presentation rates decreased performance.
Week 4: Feedback form (unit? presentation rate had no effect on performance.
unit=36&lesson=41) only rates slower than 3-second intervals decreased performance.
Quiz: Assignment 4 No, the answer is incorrect.
(assessment?name=116) Score: 0
Accepted Answers:
Week 05: Long Term presentation rate had no effect on performance.
Memory ()
4) Some experts describe memory as a ______, while others believe it is a ______. 1 point
Week 06: Memory of
General Knowledge () secret; journey
checklist; blueprint
Week 07: Concept
structure; process
Formation ()
ball of string; pool of water
Week 08: Visual and Yes, the answer is correct.
Spatial Memory () Score: 1
Accepted Answers:
Week 09: Human structure; process
Language Skills ()
5) You recently bought a new phone and had to change your number. However, your old phone number keeps interfering with your ability to 1 point
Week 10: Thought remember your new one. This is an example of ______.
Process and Problem
Solving () retroactive interference
proactive interference
Week 11: Reasoning () executive retrieval
overactive retrieval
Week 12: Decision Making
() Yes, the answer is correct.
Score: 1
Accepted Answers:
Live Sessions () proactive interference
6) Sternberg’s classic work on searching for information from short-term memory indicated that the search process is: 1 point
serial.
self-terminating.
exhaustive.
both serial and exhaustive.

Score: 1
Accepted Answers:
both serial and exhaustive.
7) Higher working memory capacity means that an individual: 1 point
is more susceptible to interference.

has quicker reaction times in identifying target letters.
is better able to control his/her cognitive focus.
has lower ability to reason from premises

Score: 1
Accepted Answers:
is better able to control his/her cognitive focus.
8) Information in short-term memory is assumed to be coded primarily by: 1 point
sound.
meaning.
visual appearance.
both sound and meaning

Score: 1
Accepted Answers:
sound.
9) Unattended information is stored briefly in: 1 point
sensory memory.
short-term memory.
long-term memory.
working memory

Score: 1
Accepted Answers:
sensory memory.
10) Repeating a phone number to yourself to hold it in memory while you dial it would use which component of working memory? 1 point
the visuospatial sketchpad

the phonological loop
the episodic buffer
both the visuospatial sketchpad and the phonological loop

Score: 1
Accepted Answers:
the phonological loop
4/14/24, 9:25 PM Introduction To Cognitive Psychology - - Unit 7 - Week 04: Memory Introduction
2/16/24, 12:36 PM Introduction To Cognitive Psychology - - Unit 8 - Week 05: Long Term Memory
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Assignment 5
Marks [1x10= 10]
Course outline
1) Psychologists believe that the capacity of long-term memory is: 1 point
About NPTEL ()
unlimited.
How does an NPTEL 7 + 2 items.

online course work? () 18 items.
5000 items.
Week 0: Prerequisite ()
2) Learning a rhyme that begins “One is a bun, two is a shoe” is part of the mnemonic technique called the: 1 point
Research Methods of method of loci.
Cognitive Psychology () technique of interacting images.
keyword method.
Week 02: Object
Perception and pegword method
Recognition ()
3) A retrieval cue will be effective if and only if it reinstates the context of the to-be-remembered event, according to the principle of: 1 point
Processes and Cognition levels of processing.
() mnemonic learning.
encoding specificity.
Week 04: Memory
working memory
Introduction ()
4) “A natural process that occurs when information is unable to be retrieved from memory” is the definition of ______. 1 point
Week 05: Long Term
Memory () cognition
Lec 1 : Long-Term Memory

remembering
Encoding (unit? forgetting
unit=42&lesson=43)
storage
Lec 2 : Retrieval from Long-
Term Memory (unit? 5) You met an attractive person at a party last Friday, when you were a bit tipsy from too many beers. The next morning you could no longer 1 point
unit=42&lesson=44) remember that person’s name and phone number. Saturday night you went to another party and drank a few more beers, and suddenly you were able to
remember the name again. Which principle best explains your retrieval processes?
Text Notes (unit?
unit=42&lesson=45)
the spacing effect
Week 5: Feedback form (unit? chunking
unit=42&lesson=46)
state-dependent learning
Quiz: Assignment 5 the context effect
6) Your memory of your first college lecture would be an example of: 1 point
semantic memory.
episodic memory.
implicit memory.
working memory.
7) Bartlett’s research on the retelling of stories shows that over time, the same person’s recall: 1 point
is remarkably consistent.
actually improves.
becomes more distorted.
loses a few details but retains most accurately
8) After you have memorized a list of words, you are most likely to demonstrate ______ if you are tested on the list the next day. 1 point
decay of your ability to recall

the recency effect
the primacy effect
strongest recall of the middle of the list
9) Retroactive interference occurs when ____ information interferes with _____ information in memory. 1 point
old; new
new; old
vivid; dull
visual; auditory
10) Coding of information in long-term memory is based on: 1 point
sound.
visual imagery.
meaning.
both sound and visual imagery
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3/5/24, 7:57 PM Introduction To Cognitive Psychology - - Unit 9 - Week 06: Memory of General Knowledge
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Course outline Assignment 6

About NPTEL () All questions are compulsory.
Marks [1x10= 10]
How does an NPTEL
1) According to the notion of cognitive economy, a characteristic like “has wings” would be stored along with which of the following semantic memory 1 point
nodes?
Week 0: Prerequisite () bird

ostrich
Research Methods of robin
Cognitive Psychology () hummingbird
Week 02: Object 2) According to the typicality effect, the statement “A dog is a household pet” should be verified: 1 point
Perception and
Recognition () faster than “A poodle is a household pet.”
faster than “A dog is a living thing.”
Week 03: Attentional faster than “A ferret is a household pet.”
faster than “A dog is an animal.”
()
Week 04: Memory 3) The prototype of a category is a(n) ______ of the important features of its members. 1 point
Introduction ()
discussion
Week 05: Long Term detailed list

Memory () weighted average
exemplar
Week 06: Memory of
General Knowledge () 4) Collins and Loftus created a revised semantic network model to ______. 1 point
Lec 1 : Semantic Memory violate the transitive inheritance of properties

Basics (unit?
give each connection between concepts the same weight
unit=47&lesson=48)
try to account for typicality effects
Lec 2 : Models of Semantic
Memory (unit?
show that people do not use hierarchies when organizing concepts
unit=47&lesson=49)
5) Studies of semantic memory have shown that in a lexical decision task, people are faster at responding to the stimulus “bread” if it is paired with a 1 point
Text Notes (unit?
stimulus such as:
unit=47&lesson=50)
Quiz: Assignment 6 “rencle.”

(assessment?name=118) “dog.”
Week 6: Feedback form (unit? “island.”

unit=47&lesson=51) “butter.”
Week 07: Concept

6) The word superiority effect is related to the idea of: 1 point
Formation ()
cognitive economy.
Live Sessions ()
schemata.
typicality.
spreading activation
7) A ________ is a mental representation of some object, event, or pattern. 1 point
category
concept
script
Memory
8) You might have a “script” for: 1 point
what a classroom looks like.

what a “pet” is
what a “cat” is.
what happens when you go to the barber/hairstylist
9) ACT models distinguish among three types of memory systems: 1 point
working memory, episodic memory, and declarative memory

semantic memory, episodic memory, and procedural memory
procedural memory, declarative memory, and semantic memory
working memory, declarative memory, and procedural memory
10) Rumelhart and Ortony viewed ____ as the fundamental building blocks of cognition. 1 point
ideas
concepts
schemata
chunks
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3/12/24, 8:13 AM Introduction To Cognitive Psychology - - Unit 10 - Week 07: Concept Formation

Assignment 7
Course outline
Marks [1x10= 10]
About NPTEL () 1) According to the ______ view of concepts, people categorize new instances by comparing them to representations of previously stored instances. 1 point
How does an NPTEL classical

online course work? () prototype
exemplar
Week 0: Prerequisite () schema

2) Implicit learning is also known as: 1 point
Research Methods of
Cognitive Psychology () analytic concept formation.
nonanalytic concept formation.
Week 02: Object
Perception and knowledge-based concept formation.
Recognition () nominal-kind learning.
Week 03: Attentional 3) Which of the following is NOT TRUE of the classical view of concepts? 1 point
() It proposes that concepts are mentally represented by lists of features.
It assumes that membership in a category is clear-cut.
Week 04: Memory It accurately predicts the typicality effect.
Introduction ()
“Necessary” and “sufficient” features play an important role in the theory.
Week 05: Long Term

4) Which of the following poses a problem for the prototype view of concepts? 1 point
Memory ()
an inability to explain the typicality effect
Week 06: Memory of
an inability to explain why people have a hard time providing strict definitions of their concepts
General Knowledge ()
an inability to explain why some classifications are easy to make and others are unclear
Week 07: Concept an inability to explain why the typicality of a particular instance can depend upon context
Formation ()
5) Which of the following factors does NOT encourage a person to store information about particular exemplars, according to Brooks? 1 point
Lec 1 : Introducing Concepts
and Categories-01 (unit? The task requires one to learn information that distinguishes between individual instances.
unit=52&lesson=53)
The relevant dimensions of the stimuli are not obvious.
Lec 2 : Introducing Concepts Instances can belong to many categories simultaneously.
and Categories-02 (unit?
We know in advance how we will be called upon to use our newly acquired information later.
unit=52&lesson=54)
Text Notes (unit? 6) The _____ view of concepts argues that concepts include representations of at least some individual instances and not only abstract summaries. 1 point
unit=52&lesson=55)
prototype
Quiz: Assignment 7
(assessment?name=119) exemplar
schemata
Week 7: Feedback form (unit?
unit=52&lesson=56) both exemplar and schemata
Week 08: Visual and 7) The schema view of concept formation assumes that: 1 point
Spatial Memory ()
there are clear boundaries among individual schemata.
Live Sessions () there is cognitive economy among concepts.
information is abstracted across instances.
no information is stored about actual instances
8) The ______ view of concepts argues that a person uses his/her theories about the way the world works to justify the classification of instances in 1 point
the same category.
classical
prototype
schema
knowledge-based
9) Characteristic features” and “family resemblance” are important aspects of the _________ view of concepts. 1 point
classical
prototype
exemplar
Schema
10) Which of the following is a good example of a superordinate level of categorization? 1 point
Fruit
Banana
Fuji apple
Golden Delicious apple
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3/12/24, 8:13 AM Introduction To Cognitive Psychology - - Unit 10 - Week 07: Concept Formation
3/20/24, 9:50 AM Introduction To Cognitive Psychology - - Unit 11 - Week 08: Visual and Spatial Memory
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Marks [1x10= 10]
How does an NPTEL
1) Several mnemonic devices, including the method of loci, the pegword method, and the method of interacting images, have in common their 1 point
reliance on:
Week 0: Prerequisite () verbal rehearsal

creating a story
Research Methods of visual imagery
Cognitive Psychology () connecting new information to well-known information
Week 02: Object 2) Finke’s principle of _____ states that mental imagery allows us to retrieve information that was not intentionally stored. 1 point
Perception and
Recognition () perceptual equivalence
transformational equivalence
Week 03: Attentional implicit encoding
structural encoding
()
Week 04: Memory 3) How would you create an accurate, detailed mental picture of a place you had never been? 1 point
Introduction ()
Read about the place and look at pictures of it.
Week 05: Long Term Invent sounds and sensations that might happen there.
Memory () Create a mental picture of a similar familiar place and alter details.
It is not possible to do this.
Week 06: Memory of
General Knowledge () 4) The idea that information is represented non-spatially in the mind is called a(n) ______. 1 point
Week 07: Concept propositional representation

Formation () spatial representation
metacognitive hallucination
Week 08: Visual and
Spatial Memory () auditory image
Lec 1 : Basics of Visual 5) What is the theory of dual coding? 1 point

Memory (unit?
unit=57&lesson=58) the idea that the mind stores words in two ways rather than one
Lec 2 : Object Transformation

the idea that the mind stores pictures in two ways rather than one
in Visual Memory (unit? a suggestion that reading a word forward and backward cements it in memory
unit=57&lesson=59) a suggestion that bilingual and multilingual people have better memories
Text Notes (unit?
unit=57&lesson=60) 6) Images can prime the visual pathway, making it easier to detect a faint stimulus. This is an example of: 1 point
Quiz: Assignment 8 perceptual equivalence

spatial equivalence
Week 08: Feedback form structural equivalence
transformational equivalence
Week 09: Human
Language Skills () 7) When an experimenter gives subtle cues to participants about how to behave, we say that a(n) ______ has occurred. 1 point
Live Sessions () experimenter-expectancy effect

double-blind design
implicit error
external validity
8) According to the symbolic distance effect, which of the following questions would be answered most quickly? 1 point
Which is bigger, a mouse or a house?

Which is bigger, a mouse or a rat?
Which is bigger, a house or a store?
Which is bigger, a rat or a cat?
9) The relational-organizational hypothesis is supported by: 1 point
the effectiveness of the method of loci

the fact that concrete words are recalled better than abstract words
the fact that noninteractive images do not facilitate recall whereas interactive images do facilitate recall
the effectiveness of the pegword method
10) How do people represent and navigate in and through space? This is a question of 1 point
navigational cognition
representational cognition
spatial cognition
visual cognition
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3/27/24, 10:10 AM Introduction To Cognitive Psychology - - Unit 12 - Week 09: Human Language Skills
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Marks [1x10= 10]
How does an NPTEL
1) When you are having a conversation with someone, you often do not stop between words to emphasize that you are saying distinct words. This is 1 point
known as ______.
Week 0: Prerequisite () specialization

coarticulation
Research Methods of functionalism
Cognitive Psychology () lateralization
Week 02: Object 2) Did she say “many” or “men knee”? This type of ambiguity is referred to as: 1 point
Perception and
Recognition () phonetic
lexical
Week 03: Attentional syntactic
semantic
()
Week 04: Memory 3) “Have you seen my cell phone?” “I watched a great movie tonight.” The second speaker is violating Grice’s maxim of: 1 point
Introduction ()
quantity
Week 05: Long Term quality

Memory () relation
manner
Week 06: Memory of
General Knowledge () 4) Infinite combinations of ideas can be expressed in language. In other words, language is: 1 point
Week 07: Concept regular

Formation () interpersonal
productive
Week 08: Visual and
Spatial Memory () referential
Week 09: Human 5) According to most experts in the field, what is the primary purpose of language? 1 point
Language Skills ()
control
Lec 1 : Basic Issues in communication
Language (unit?
identification
unit=62&lesson=63)
isolation
Lec 2 : Comprehension and
Understanding of Language
6) Meaning is to ______ as grammar is to ______. 1 point
Text Notes (unit?

semantics; pragmatics
unit=62&lesson=65) phonology; syntax
Week 09: Feedback form syntax; semantics

(unit?unit=62&lesson=66) semantics; syntax
Quiz: Assignment 9
(assessment?name=121) 7) Which of the following is/are generally agreed upon as necessary criteria/criterion for claiming that a communication system is a language? 1 point
Week 10: Thought regularity

Process and Problem productivity
Solving () referentiality
both regularity and productivity
Live Sessions ()
8) “I saw a bat in the corner.” Does bat refer to a baseball bat, or a flying mammal? This confusion illustrates a problem of: 1 point
ambiguity
anomaly
synonymy
self-contradiction
9) “Have the missionaries eaten?” Is this a question spoken by the bishop, or an order given by the cannibal chief? This type of ambiguity is 1 point
referred to as:
phonetic
syntactic
lexical
anomalous
10) The sentence “A tuna sandwich can drive a car” is an example of: 1 point
a self-contradiction
ambiguity
an anomaly
synonymy
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3/27/24, 9:57 AM Introduction To Cognitive Psychology - - Unit 13 - Week 10: Thought Process and Problem Solving
X


Marks [1x10= 10]
How does an NPTEL
1) Functional ______ is focusing on how things are usually used, while ignoring other potential uses. 1 point
Week 0: Prerequisite () stubbornness

fixedness
Research Methods of fixation
Cognitive Psychology () use
Week 02: Object 2) The tumor problem and the story of the general were used in research on: 1 point
Perception and
Recognition () working backward
reasoning by analogy
Week 03: Attentional means-end analysis
backtracking
()
Week 04: Memory 3) The General Problem Solver (GPS) is a computer program that solves problems in crypt arithmetic and logic using: 1 point
Introduction ()
means-end analysis
Week 05: Long Term generate-and-test

Memory () reasoning by analogy
Introspection
Week 06: Memory of
General Knowledge () 4) ________ thinking begins with a clear starting point and has a specific goal. 1 point
Week 07: Concept Focused

Formation () Unfocused
Intelligent
Week 08: Visual and
Spatial Memory () Puzzled
Week 09: Human 5) A problem is ______. 1 point

Language Skills ()
when you do not have experience with a situation
Week 10: Thought when a situation is not as you expected it to be

Process and Problem a situation in which another person disagrees with your position
Solving () a situation in which there is a difference between a current state and a desired goal state
Lec 1 : Introduction to
Problem Solving (unit?
6) ______ are problems that have a clearly defined goal state and constraints, whereas ______ are problems that lack a clearly defined goal state 1 point
unit=67&lesson=68) and constraints.
Lec 2 : Factors Influencing well-defined; ill-defined

Problem Solving (unit?
ill-defined; well-defined
unit=67&lesson=69)
concrete; abstract
Lec 3 : Insight and Creativity
abstract; concrete
Text Notes (unit? 7) _____ is defined as “going beyond the information given.” 1 point
unit=67&lesson=71)
Problem-solving
(unit?unit=67&lesson=72) Reasoning
Decision making
Quiz: Assignment 10
(assessment?name=124) Thinking
Live Sessions () 8) A tendency to adopt a certain framework, strategy, or procedure, which can become an obstacle to successful problem solving, is called: 1 point
mental set
functional fixedness
well-defined thinking
ill-defined thinking
9) ________ involves appropriate novelty in generating solutions. 1 point
Intelligence
Bizarre thinking
Creativity
Mental disorder
10) When you walk away from a difficult problem and do something else for a while, then come back and solve the problem successfully, you have 1 point
experienced the:
incubation effect
mental-set effect
unconscious-processing effect
problem-space effect
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4/10/24, 7:22 AM Introduction To Cognitive Psychology - - Unit 14 - Week 11: Reasoning

Assignment 11
Course outline
Marks [1x10= 10]
About NPTEL () 1) Deductive reasoning involves which of the following? 1 point
How does an NPTEL going from general to specific statements

online course work? () conclusions that add new information to what is given
going from specific to general statements
Week 0: Prerequisite () going from specific to specific statements

2) The tendency to seek out information that supports our current beliefs is called: 1 point
Research Methods of
Cognitive Psychology () a believability effect
a content effect
Week 02: Object
Perception and a confirmation bias
Recognition () syllogistic reasoning
Week 03: Attentional 3) ______ is a process by which a conclusion follows necessarily from a series of premises. 1 point
() Conditional reasoning
Syllogistic reasoning
Week 04: Memory Heuristic reasoning
Introduction ()
Causal reasoning
Week 05: Long Term

4) ______ processes are largely automatic, rapid, and unconscious as ______ processes are controlled, slow, and conscious. 1 point
Memory ()
System 1; system 2
Week 06: Memory of
System 2; system 1
General Knowledge ()
Analytic; heuristic
Week 07: Concept Rational; intuitive
Formation ()
5) ______ reasoning concerns making and evaluating arguments from general information to specific information, while ______ reasoning concerns 1 point
Week 08: Visual and making and evaluating arguments from specific information to general information.
Spatial Memory ()
Inductive; deductive
Week 09: Human Conditional; deductive
Language Skills ()
Conditional; inductive
Deductive; inductive
Week 10: Thought
Process and Problem
Solving () 6) Forrest Gump’s famous quote, “Life is like a box of chocolates; you never know what you’re going to get,” is an example of ______. 1 point
surface approaches
Week 11: Reasoning ()
category induction
Lec 1 : Reasoning - 01 (unit? causal reasoning
unit=73&lesson=74)
analogical reasoning
Lec 2 : Reasoning - 02 (unit?
unit=73&lesson=75) 7) In completing Wason’s four-card task, participants usually: 1 point
Text Notes (unit?

turn over the two cards that are necessary and sufficient to test the rule
unit=73&lesson=76)
turn over all four cards, when only two would have been sufficient
turn over all four cards, when only one would have been sufficient
show understanding of modus ponens but neglect modus tollens
Quiz: Assignment 11
8) Which of the following is a difference between everyday reasoning and formal reasoning? 1 point
Week 12: Decision Making
In everyday reasoning, all premises are usually supplied
()
In everyday reasoning, there is typically one correct answer
Live Sessions () In everyday reasoning, problems are solved as a means of achieving other goals
In formal reasoning, problems are not self-contained
9) People overestimate the frequency of words beginning with the letter L, as compared to words that have L as the third letter, because of the 1 point
heuristic of:
availability
representativeness
anchor and adjust
hindsight
10) When people interpret premises, 1 point
they often make unwarranted assumptions

they often fail to consider all possible interpretations of a premise
they perform very well if given enough practice
they often make unwarranted assumptions and fail to consider all possible interpretations of a premise
Submit Answers
4/10/24, 7:22 AM Introduction To Cognitive Psychology - - Unit 14 - Week 11: Reasoning
4/10/24, 8:09 AM Introduction To Cognitive Psychology - - Unit 15 - Week 12: Decision Making
X


Marks [1x10= 10]
How does an NPTEL
1) Normative models of decision making describe: 1 point
Week 0: Prerequisite () how we ought to make decisions in realistic circumstances

ideal performance under ideal circumstances
Research Methods of what people actually do when they make decisions
Cognitive Psychology () cognitive illusions
Week 02: Object 2) The ideal model of decision making involves ______. 1 point
Perception and
Recognition () discussing options with peers
ranking criteria in terms of their importance
Week 03: Attentional following your instinct
deciding only when the outcome is certain
()
Week 04: Memory 3) Expected utility theory is usually regarded as a ________ model of decision making. 1 point
Introduction ()
descriptive
Week 05: Long Term prescriptive

Memory () normative
both descriptive and prescriptive
Week 06: Memory of
General Knowledge () 4) _____ is a normative model for integrating different dimensions and goals of a complex decision. 1 point
Week 07: Concept Expected value

Formation () Expected utility
MAUT
Week 08: Visual and
Spatial Memory () Framing
Week 09: Human 5) The phase of decision making that involves finding a way to organize information is called: 1 point
Language Skills ()
planning
Week 10: Thought structuring the decision

Process and Problem evaluating
Solving () goal setting
Week 11: Reasoning () 6) You have just spent 10 minutes trying to figure out the answer to a single problem on your math quiz. In spite of your lack of success, you 1 point
continue to struggle, neglecting to continue on to other problems because you’ve already invested so much time and effort in this problem. You have fallen
Week 12: Decision Making victim to:
()
the sunk cost effect
Lec 1 : Classical Theory of
Decision Making (unit?
a framing effect
unit=78&lesson=79) the anchor effect
Lec 2 : Prospect Theory of availability bias

Decision Making (unit?
unit=78&lesson=80) 7) Changing the description of a decision can cause us to change our reference points, leading to illogical preferences. This phenomenon is referred 1 point
to as:
Lec 3 : Course Summary
hindsight bias
Text Notes (unit? the gambler’s fallacy
unit=78&lesson=82)
availability
Week 12: Feedback form framing
Quiz: Assignment 12 8) The mental activities that take place in choosing among alternatives are collectively called: 1 point
problem solving
Live Sessions () deductive reasoning
decision making
rational thought
9) Which of the following step is involved in Multiattribute Utility Theory? 1 point
Break the decision down into its important dimensions
List all of the alternatives
Multiply each ranking by the appropriate weight

All of the above
10) Participants in a decision-making study in which they had to decide among 6 or 12 apartments often eliminated some alternatives on the basis of 1 point
one or two dimensions. This is an example of the strategy called:
MAUT
normative behavior
EU
elimination by aspects
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1/21/24, 5:25 PM Introduction To Cognitive Psychology - - Unit 3 - Week 0: Prerequisite

NPTEL (https://swayam.gov.in/explorer?ncCode=NPTEL) » Introduction To Cognitive Psychology (course)

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Week 0: Prerequisite () True

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Lec 2 : A Brief History of introspection

Lec 3 : Studying Cognition computers have limited memory storage.

6) Which of the following is NOT an example of a cognitive process? 1 point

7) One difference between functionalism and structuralism was that: 1 point

functionalists emphasized laboratory experimentation more than structuralists.

10) The idea of natural selection is central to which paradigm? 1 point

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Lec 2 : Models of Perception- template matching.

the primal sketch

10) The meaningful interpretation of a proximal stimulus is called the: 1 point

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1) Which of the following is an analogy used to describe attention? 1 point

Week 0: Prerequisite () 2) Treisman’s feature integration theory argues that: 1 point

we perceive objects in two distinct stages.

6) According to the attention hypothesis of automatization, 1 point

the attention capture phenomenon

10) Which of the following is a characteristic of an automatic process? 1 point

It only occurs intentionally.

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Course outline Due on 2024-02-21, 23:59 IST.

About NPTEL () Assignment submitted on 2024-02-13, 14:30 IST

Week 02: Object Yes, the answer is correct.

Week 03: Attentional

Lec 3 : Working Memory

Text Notes (unit? faster presentation rates improved performance.

Yes, the answer is correct.

7) Higher working memory capacity means that an individual: 1 point

is more susceptible to interference.

Yes, the answer is correct.

8) Information in short-term memory is assumed to be coded primarily by: 1 point

Yes, the answer is correct.

9) Unattended information is stored briefly in: 1 point

Yes, the answer is correct.

the visuospatial sketchpad

Yes, the answer is correct.

NPTEL (https://swayam.gov.in/explorer?ncCode=NPTEL) » Introduction To Cognitive Psychology (course)

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How does an NPTEL 7 + 2 items.

Lec 1 : Long-Term Memory

decay of your ability to recall

10) Coding of information in long-term memory is based on: 1 point

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Course outline Assignment 6