180CT 2023

Deccan Education Society's

Fergusson College (Autonomous), Pune-4
T.Y.B.Sc. (Semester VI)
Physics
(PHY3604) Nuclear Physics (2019 pattern)

Time: 2 brs Max. Marks: 50

Instruction to candidates:
i) Allquestions are compulsory
ii) Figures to the right indicate full marks
iii) Use of statistical tables and scientific calculators is allowed.

Constants:
1. Mass of proton, m, 1.007825 a.m.u.
2. Mass of neutron, m, 1.008665 a.m.u.
3. la.m.u. - 1.66 x 10 kg - 931.5 MeV
4. leV - l.6 ×10J
5. Mass of electron, m, -9.1 x 10 kg
6. Avogadro's number, N 6.023 x 10 mol
7. Boltzman constant, k- 1.38 10joule/K
8. Plank's constant, h 6.625 x 10"*joule.sec

Attempt any five questions: (2 x5=10o]

Q.1
a) What is mean life of radioactive substance? What is unit of activity?
b) List the features of nuclear forces.
c) What is function of moderators in nuclear reactors?

d) Explain the mass defect and binding energy.

e) Define threshold energy of the projectile in nuclear reaction?
What is dead time of the G. M. counter?

g) Define electric quadrupole moment of nucleus.

[(3 x5=15 ]
Q.2 Attempt any five questions:
to form the helium nucleus. If the
a) TwO neutrons and two protons combines
x 10 kg, 1.673 x 10 kg
masses of neutron, proton and helium are 1.675
liberated in this process.
and 6.650x 10 kg, then calculate the energy

Calculate the activity of () 1gm of radium BRa, Half life = 1622 years:
b)
(iü) 3x 10 kg of active gold,
9Au, Half life = 48 min.
 c) If the pion decays from rest to give a muon of 4.05 MeV energy, what is
the kinetic energy of the accompanying neutrino? What is the mass of the
neutrono in this process? (given: rest mass energy of pion = 139.74 MeV,
rest mass energy of muon = 105.659 MeV, rest mass energy of neutrino = 0,
rest mass of electron = 0.5|| MeV/C

d) Acylotron with dees of radius 2 mhas a magnetic field of 0.75 Wb/m.

Calculate the maximum energies to which protons can be accelerated.
(given: charge on proton = 1.6 x 10C, mass of proton = 1.67 x 102" kg)

e) Calculate the binding energy, binding energy per nucleon and packing
fraction for helium. Given: mass of He = 4.00378 a.m.u., Mass of proton
(m,)= 1.007825 a.m.u.,Mass of proton (m) = 1.008665 a.m.u.

The half life period is 1590years. In how many years willone gram of pure
element (a) lose 0.01 gm and (b) be reduced to 0.01 gm?

g A meson constructed from a quark and antiquark. Show that the quark
structure (k,d) give the correct charge number, spin and strangeness for T
meson.

Q.3 Attempt any five questions: [5x5 =25]

a) Explain the construction and working of cyclotron.

b) What is successive disintegration? Derive an expression for the activity of
daughter to activity of parent.
c) Define packing fraction of the nucleus. How it determines the stability of
the nucleus? Explain by packing fraction curve.
expression for the
d) What is meant by Q-value of nuclear reaction? Obtain an
Q-value.
What is nuclear reactor? State the essential components of the reactor.
e)
Describe swimming pool type reactor with diagram.
) Explain Meson theory of nuclear forces.
What are the properties assigned toneutrino by Pauli's neutrino hypothesis.
g)