Caregiving GR 7 8 Q1 M4

7/8
Technology and Livelihood

Education
CAREGIVING
QUARTER 1 - MODULE 4- IDENTIFY HAZARDS AND RISKS
Self-Learning Module
“Una sa tanan, BATA: Buligan, Amligan, Tudluan, Alalayan!”
DIVISION OF BACOLOD CITY

TLE – GRADE 7 & 8
Self Learning Module
Caregiving 7 & 8
Republic Act 8293, section 176 states that: No copyright shall subsist in any
work of the Government of the Philippines. However, prior approval of the government
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the payment of royalties.
Borrowed materials (i.e., songs, stories, poems, pictures, photos, brand names,
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holders. Every effort has been exerted to locate and seek permission to use these
materials from their respective copyright owners. The publisher and authors do not
represent nor claim ownership over them.
Published by the Department of Education

Secretary: Leonor Magtolis Briones
Undersecretary: Diosdado M. San Antonio
Development Team of the Self Learning Module
Writers: Junalyn D. Libiogo

Editors: Joerita E. Dayot, Ella Louis D. Jalwin
Reviewers: Zenith A. Avila, Ella Louis D. Jalwin
Illustrators: Junalyn D. Libiogo
Layout Artists: Junalyn D. Libiogo
Management Team: Gladys Amylaine D. Sales
Michell L. Acoyong
Janalyn B. Navarro
Susan A. Jalwin
Ellen G. Dela Cruz
Printed in the Philippines by
Department of Education – Region VI – Division of Bacolod City
Office Address: Rosario-San Juan Sts., Bacolod City 6100

Telefax: (034) 704-2585
E-mail Address: bacolod.city@deped.gov.ph
Introductory Message
For the facilitator:
This Self-Learning Module is a stand-alone resource material in Technology

and Livelihood Education which is intended for the learners of the Division of Bacolod
City. Learners who could not afford online or face-to-face learning can utilize this
module. It includes a learner-friendly pretest, self-check exercises, additional
activities, and other learning instructions intended to help learners learn even teachers
and learner are geographically remote from each other. This covers topics in Grade 7
& 8 with corresponding activities for learners to achieve the most essential learning
competencies and lesson objectives. Moreover, each exercise in this module is
designed for independent learning and practice. However, ensure that the learners’
parents, elder siblings, guardians or relatives at home will guide and support them as
they accomplish its given tasks.
Furthermore, explain to students that taking the tests diligently will allow them
to learn their lessons for their academic progress. Most importantly, remind them to
answer the given activities on a separate answer sheet and handle this module with
utmost care.
For the learner:
This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is a learner-friendly resource material in

Technology and Livelihood Education which is specially designed for your learning
needs and progress. Your patience and dedication in reading and answering the
exercises will help you successfully cope with lessons. You are free to ask assistance
from your teachers, parents, siblings, friends, and family members whom you think
can help you best. Read each lesson carefully and follow the instructions for your
activities after reading.
Remember to answer the given exercises in a separate sheet of paper. When

you are done, kindly return it to your teacher to check and evaluate your level of
competency.
Good luck and God bless.

Parts of the Self-Learning Module
The following are the parts of this module that will help you finish your tasks.
Read the following descriptions below to better understand each part.
This part will be your guide to learn in the

I Need to Know specific lessons specifically your skills and
competencies.
This contains a 10-item pre-test that will

I Will Check on This
check what you already know.
This section will give you the topic,

Lesson Overview information and concepts as a brief
discussion for you to learn.
It is in this part that the new lesson will be

introduced to you in different ways: a story, a
I Will Do This poem, a problem opener, an activity, or a
situation. You will be given specific
instructions on how to go about the activity.
In this part helps you generalize your

I Learned This understanding of the concepts. This includes
a short fill-in the blanks summary of the topic.
This provides you questions and exercises to

I Practice This help you deepen your understanding of the
concept.
This section includes an activity or exercises

I Apply This that will help you apply your knowledge into
real-life situations
This is composed of 10-item exercises to
I Test Myself assess if you have attained the learning
competency.
References
Lesson 4
Practice Occupational Health and Safety Procedures
I Need to Know
Learning Competencies
Identify hazards and risks
Objectives
1.1 Identify hazards and risks.
1.2 Determine hazard and risks indicators in the workplace.
1.3 Determine the effects of hazards.
Technology and Livelihood Education ( Caregiving 7 & 8 ) TLE_HECGOS7/8-0H5 Page 5

I Will Check on This
Write your answer on the space provided. LETTERS only.

________1. The possibility that somebody could be harmed by these and other
hazards and the indication of how serious the harm can be.
a. Biological hazards b. Risk c. Hazard d. Ergonomic
________2. The following are the effects of Physical hazards except one.
a. Falls b. Fire c. Annoyance d. Fungi
________3. A type of hazard that is difficult to spot since caregivers do not

immediately notice the effect of their bodies.
a. Ergonomic b. Biological c. Chemical d. Psychological
________4. Anything that may cause harm to an individual, such as chemicals,

electricity, open drawers, and inadequate ventilation.
a. Risk b. Hazard c. Safety d. Biological
________5. The following are some ways for a caregiver to determine health and
safety problems except one.
a. A caregiver should observe the workplace.
b. A caregiver may examine complaints from his/her co-workers.
c. A caregiver should check accident records.
d. A caregiver may use checklists and leave the workplace without inspection.

II. Directions: Write True, if the statement is correct, or False, if it is incorrect.
1. __________Too much bending and reaching is an example of physical hazard.
2. __________Psychological hazards happen when a worker’s environment

becomes stressful.
3. __________Observing the nursing home environment is one of the ways in

determining health problems in the workplace.
4. __________Accidents happen because people are not mindful of their

environment.
5. __________Too much lifting of heavy loads does not result in injury.
Lesson Overview
HAZARDS AND RISKS
Hazard is anything that may cause harm to an individual, such as chemicals,

electricity, open drawers, and inadequate ventilation.
Risk is the possibility that somebody could be harmed by these and other
hazards and the indication of how serious the harm can be.
Occupational Health and Safety

Occupational Health and Safety is the campaign and maintenance of the well-
being of workers in every occupation. It talks about providing a safe working
environment to achieve an injury-free workplace and a healthy atmosphere that
protects every worker against illness.
As an effect, it may also protect co-workers, family members, clients, and other
members of the community who are affected by the workplace environment.

Types of Hazards
Physical hazards are the most normal
occurrences in workplaces. They are usually
easy to detect, however, very often are
neglected because people are too
accustomed to them. Another reason may be
due to lack of knowledge or people do not see
situations as hazards.
Examples of physical hazards that a caregiver may be exposed to:

Electrical hazards: Even in day care institutions or nursing homes where care
should be of utmost concern, improper wiring and frayed cords may still go unnoticed.
Misuse of electrical equipment also happens in any type of work environment.
Endless loud noise: If one is going to work in a nursing home, frequent noise
from patients who are suffering from depression is definitely a hazard.
Spills on floors or tripping hazards: There are times when even the
caregivers themselves do not mind spills on floors. This, definitely, poses hazard
to everyone.
Some of the Effects of Physical Hazards

• Fire
• Decreased efficiency
• Annoyance
• Falls

Biological hazards come from working
with animals, people or infectious
materials. This is, therefore, one of the
most common hazards that a caregiver
faces. If one is working in a day care,
hospital, hotel laundry, nursing home,
laboratories, he/she may be exposed to
biological hazards.
Examples of physical hazards that a caregiver may be exposed to:

• blood or other body fluids
• fungi
• bacteria and viruses
• contaminated wastes
Some of the Effects of Biological Hazards

• infections
• skin irritations
• allergy
• Tuberculosis
• AIDS

Ergonomic hazards occur when a caregiver’s nature
of work, body position and working conditions put
pressure on his/her body. It is difficult to spot this type
of hazard, because caregivers do not immediately
notice the effect to their bodies. At first, sore muscles
may be experienced. But long-term exposure to this
type of hazard can cause musculoskeletal problems.
Examples of ergonomic hazards that a caregiver may be exposed to:

• performing tasks that require lifting heavy loads
• too much bending and reaching
• standing for long periods of time
• holding body parts for long period of time
• awkward movements, especially if they are repetitive
• repeating the same movements over and over
Some of the Effects of Ergonomic Hazards

• pain in the shoulders
• back injury
• too much impact on wrist and hands
• numbness in some parts of the body
• muscle cramps

Chemical hazards are present when a
worker is exposed to any chemical preparation
in the workplace in any form (solid, liquid or
gas). There may be chemicals which are safe,
but some caregivers who are sensitive to
solutions may cause skin irritation, illness or
breathing problems.
Examples of chemical hazards that a caregiver may be exposed to:

• liquids like cleaning products
• disinfecting solutions
Effects of Chemical Hazards

• Lung diseases
• Difficulty in breathing
• Allergy
Psychological Hazards take place when a

caregiver’s work environment becomes stressful or
demanding.

Examples of psychological hazards that a caregiver may be exposed to:
• Burn out, fatigue and on call duty
• Unreasonable expectations from patients or clients
• Verbal abuse form dissatisfied clients
• Unreasonable expectations from supervisors and management.
Some of the Effects of Psychological Hazards

• Depression
• Anxiety
• Loss of confidence
• Loss of concentration at work
• Deterioration of performance at work
Recognizing Hazards and Risks in the Workplace

Hazards and risks vary from one workplace to another. Even in day care or
nursing homes where work routines may be the same, hazards will differ depending
on the type of building the establishment is situated, and the attitudes of caregivers,
clients, or employers.
The good news is hazards and risks can be prevented! However, before
thinking about what control measures are needed, first a caregiver must know whether
there are health and safety problems in his/her workplace. So, how can someone
identify the hazards in the workplace? The following are some ways for a caregiver
to determine health and safety problems:

1. A caregiver should observe the workplace.
2. A caregiver may examine complaints from his/her co-workers.
3. A caregiver should check accident records.
4. A caregiver should examine chart on results of inspections done by the

employers or private organizations.
5. A caregiver may use checklists and inspect the workplace.
6. A caregiver may study reports or any other vital information about the nursing
home.
I Will Do This
Directions: Watch these videos by following the links that follow. Then, answer the
questions direct to the point.
A. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UWSPIHGiuFs&feature=related
or search in YouTube (Nursing : Transfer a Patient from Wheelchair to Bed )
1. What is the video all about?
2. Have you seen any hazard or risk in the video? What are these?
3. Do you believe the caregiver handled her task well as seen in the video?

Write your answers inside the box.
B. http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nvldyOyv--0
or search in youtube
( Examining Chemo Drug’s Potential Threats to Health Care Workers )
1. What does the video tell about the potential threats of chemotherapy drugs to
health care workers?
2. What will be the role of a caregiver or a health care worker in this type of
possible hazard?
Write your answers inside the box.

I Learned This
Briefly explain the following questions.

1. Why is it important to understand the hazard and risk in the workplace?
______________________________________________________________
______________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________.
2. What are the things that you can do to prevent hazards in the workplace?
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________
_____________________________________________________________.
3. Is it necessary to follow the preventive measure in the workplace? Yes ? or

No? Explain your answer.
___________________________________________________________________
___________________________________________________________________
__________________________________________________________________.

I Practice This
Direction: Read each questions carefully. Choose the best answer from the given
options and encircle the LETTER ONLY of your correct answer.
1. Which of the following is the effect of chemical hazards?
a. AIDS
b. Back injury
c. Lung diseases
d. Loss of concentration at work
2. It occurs when a caregiver’s nature of work, body position and working

conditions put pressure on his or her body.
a. Ergonomic hazards
b. Biological hazards
c. Physical hazards
d. Chemical hazards
3. Anything that may cause harm to an individual, such as chemicals, electricity,

open drawers and inadequate ventilation.
a. Hazards
b. Risk
c. Dosage
d. Contaminate
4. The following are effects of Physical Hazards EXCEPT one.

a. Decreased efficiency
b. Annoyance
c. Fire
d. Allergy

5. This type of hazard take place when a caregiver’s work environment becomes
stressful or demanding.
a. Ergonomic hazard
b. Chemical hazard
c. Psychological hazard
d. Physical hazard
6. The promotion and maintenance of the well – being of workers.

a. Hazard
b. Risk
c. Occupational health & safety
d. Physical hazard
7. A type of hazard that is usually easy to detect.

a. Psychological hazard
b. Physical hazard
c. Chemical hazard
d. Ergonomic hazard
8. It is the possibility that somebody could be harmed by these and other hazards.
a. Hazard
b. Risk
c. Electrical hazard
d. None of the above
9. The following are the examples of Ergonomic hazards EXCEPT one.

a. Muscle cramps
b. Back injury
c. Pain in the shoulders
d. Skin irritations

10. What is the example of chemical hazards that a caregiver may be exposed to:
a. Repeating the same movements over and over
b. Too much bending and reaching
c. Standing for long periods of time
d. Disinfecting solutions
I Apply This
Directions: Walk around your house and list down 10 possible hazards and risks that
you may find. Explain, why these things that you have identified or listed pose danger
to the members of your family. Follow the format given.
Possible Hazard / Risk Reason/s why it poses danger to me

and my family

I Test Myself
I. Direction: Match the word in Column A with that of the description in Column B.
Write the letter of your choice in the space provided in each item.
II. Direction: Determine the type of hazard a worker is exposed to base on the
description given in each item. Unscramble the letter by placing the correct letter
sequence in the shaded boxes to come up with the correct answer for each number.

References:
http://www.agius.com/hew/resource/ohsilo.htm
http://www.hse.gov.uk/risk/fivesteps.htmhttp://www.hse.gov.uk/risk/fivesteps.htm
http://www.chepinc.org/public/640.pdf
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ipfMiANTqFE&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=-opN-c7hajY&feature=endscreen
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qFXTskZfCWo&feature=related
http://www.envisnioh.org/occupational-hazards.htm
http://www.safetyresource.org/fire_safety/fire_drills.html
http://www.ccohs.ca/oshanswers/biol_hazards/
http://unionsafe.labor.net.au/hazards/10717236108849.html
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UWSPIHGiuFs&feature=related
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nvldyOyv--0
http://www.safework.sa.gov.au/show_page.jsp?id=6421
http://www.safework.sa.gov.au/contentPages/EducationAndTraining/ActivitiesAndTe
sts/Hunt
TheHazards/hunt.htm
http://www.safework.sa.gov.au/contentPages/EducationAndTraining/ActivitiesAndTe
sts/Virtu
alKitchen/vkitchenframe.htm
http://nj.gov/health/peosh/ergonomics.shtml
http://www.thefreedictionary.com/double-bag
http://www.thefreedictionary.com

TLE 7
Caregiving
ANSWER SHEET
Name: _________________________________________________
I Will Check On This
I.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
II.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
I Will Do This
A.
1.
2.
3.
B.
1.
2.
I Learned This
1.
2.
3.

I practice this
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
I Apply This

and my family

I Test Myself
I.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
II.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.

TLE 7
Caregiving
ANSWER KEY
Lesson 4
I Will Check On This
I.
1. B
2. D
3.B
4. B
5. D
II.
1. FALSE
2.TRUE
3. TRUE
4. TRUE
5. FALSE
I Will Do This
A.
1.
2.
3.
B.
1.
2.
I Learned This
1.
2.
3.

I practice this
1. A
2. A
3. A
4. D
5. C
6. C
7. B
8. B
9.D
10. D
I Apply This

and my family

I Test Myself
I.
1. C
2. A
3. D
4. E
5. B
II.
1. ERGONOMIC
2. CHEMICAL B
3. BIOLOGICAL
4.PHYSICAL
5. PSYCHOLOGICAL

Caregiving GR 7 8 Q1 M4

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7/8

Technology and Livelihood

“Una sa tanan, BATA: Buligan, Amligan, Tudluan, Alalayan!”

DIVISION OF BACOLOD CITY

Published by the Department of Education

Development Team of the Self Learning Module

Writers: Junalyn D. Libiogo

Printed in the Philippines by

Department of Education – Region VI – Division of Bacolod City

Office Address: Rosario-San Juan Sts., Bacolod City 6100

For the facilitator:

This Self-Learning Module is a stand-alone resource material in Technology

For the learner:

This Self-Learning Module (SLM) is a learner-friendly resource material in

Remember to answer the given exercises in a separate sheet of paper. When

Good luck and God bless.

This part will be your guide to learn in the

This contains a 10-item pre-test that will

This section will give you the topic,

It is in this part that the new lesson will be

In this part helps you generalize your

This provides you questions and exercises to

This section includes an activity or exercises

Practice Occupational Health and Safety Procedures

Identify hazards and risks

1.1 Identify hazards and risks.

1.2 Determine hazard and risks indicators in the workplace.

1.3 Determine the effects of hazards.

Technology and Livelihood Education ( Caregiving 7 & 8 ) TLE_HECGOS7/8-0H5 Page 5

Write your answer on the space provided. LETTERS only.

________3. A type of hazard that is difficult to spot since caregivers do not

________4. Anything that may cause harm to an individual, such as chemicals,

Technology and Livelihood Education ( Caregiving 7 & 8 ) TLE_HECGOS7/8-0H5 Page 6

2. __________Psychological hazards happen when a worker’s environment

3. __________Observing the nursing home environment is one of the ways in

4. __________Accidents happen because people are not mindful of their

5. __________Too much lifting of heavy loads does not result in injury.

HAZARDS AND RISKS

Hazard is anything that may cause harm to an individual, such as chemicals,

Occupational Health and Safety

Technology and Livelihood Education ( Caregiving 7 & 8 ) TLE_HECGOS7/8-0H5 Page 7

Examples of physical hazards that a caregiver may be exposed to:

Some of the Effects of Physical Hazards

Technology and Livelihood Education ( Caregiving 7 & 8 ) TLE_HECGOS7/8-0H5 Page 8

Examples of physical hazards that a caregiver may be exposed to:

• bacteria and viruses

Some of the Effects of Biological Hazards

Technology and Livelihood Education ( Caregiving 7 & 8 ) TLE_HECGOS7/8-0H5 Page 9

Examples of ergonomic hazards that a caregiver may be exposed to:

• too much bending and reaching

• standing for long periods of time

• holding body parts for long period of time

• awkward movements, especially if they are repetitive

• repeating the same movements over and over

Some of the Effects of Ergonomic Hazards

• too much impact on wrist and hands

• numbness in some parts of the body

Technology and Livelihood Education ( Caregiving 7 & 8 ) TLE_HECGOS7/8-0H5 Page 10

Examples of chemical hazards that a caregiver may be exposed to:

Effects of Chemical Hazards

Psychological Hazards take place when a

Technology and Livelihood Education ( Caregiving 7 & 8 ) TLE_HECGOS7/8-0H5 Page 11

• Unreasonable expectations from patients or clients