INDICATIVO

presente habitual actions

preterito Refers to specific, completed past actions
imperfecto Refers to nonspecific, continuous past actions
futuro Refers to a future, specific action
conditional Refers to the hypothetical future
presente perfecto Refers to the recent past or past actions that are still in the time frame that still applies right now ex hoy, esta semana, esta mes I have studied
presente continuo Refers to the actions that you are doing currently
preterito pluscuamperfecto (pasado perfecto) describes events or actions that have happened further back in the past than a past action we are referring to (until/before) - hasta ... / antes de ... I had studied

SUBJUNCTIVO
presente Refers to the uncertain present and future
imperfecto Refers to the past
perfecto futuro Refers to completion of future action
prefecto perfecto Refers to an uncompleted action
preterito pluscuamperfecto Refers to the relatively recent past
presente condictional Refers to the relatively remote past