Can talking on a mobile phone be dangerous to your health?

It is difficult to know for

sure. Some research suggests that heavy users of mobile phones are at a greater risk of
developing cancerous brain tumors. However, many other studies suggest there are no links
between cancer and mobile phone use.

The main problem with the current research is that mobile phones have only been popular
since the 1990s. As a result, it is impossible to study long-term exposure to mobile phones. This
concerns many health professionals who point out that certain cancers can take at least 10 years
to develop. Another concern about these studies is that many have been funded by the mobile
phone industry.

Over three billion people now use mobile phones on a daily basis, and many talk for
more than an hour a day. Mobile phone antennas are similar to microwave ovens. While both
rely on electromagnetic radiation, the radio waves in mobile phones are lower in radio frequency
(RF). Microwave ovens have enough RF to cook food and are therefore known to be dangerous
to human tissues. However, the concern is that the lower-frequency radio waves that mobile
phones rely on may also be dangerous. It seems logical that holding a heat source near your brain
for a long period of time is a potential health hazard. Mobile phones and other electronic devices
get hot when they are operated for a long period of time.

Some researchers believe that other types of wireless technology may also be dangerous
to human health, including laptops, cordless phones, and gaming consoles. Organizations that are
concerned about the effects of Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) suggest replacing all cordless
devices with wired ones. They say that many cordless phones can emit dangerous levels of EMR
even when they are not in use. They even suggest keeping electronic devices, such as computers
and alarm clocks out of the bedroom, or at least six feet from your pillow.

A growing number of health professionals worldwide are recommending that mobile

phone users make mistakes on the side of caution until more definitive studies can be conducted.
They recommend that adults use headsets or speaker phones and that children and teens, whose
brain tissue is still developing, use mobile phones only for emergencies. Concerned medical
experts use the example of tobacco to illustrate the potential risks. Many years ago, people
smoked freely and were not concerned about the effects of cigarettes on their health. Today,
people know that cigarettes cause lung cancer, though it is still unknown exactly how or why.
Some doctors fear that the same thing will happen with devices such as mobile phones.

(Adapted from https://www.englishclub.com)

1. Which paragraph does paragraph 1 give comparative examples of the danger of mobile
phone use in relation to radiation?

A. 2 and 3
B. 2 and 4
C. 3 and 4
 D. 3 and 5
E. 4 and 5

Can talking on a mobile phone be dangerous to your health? It is difficult to know for
sure. Some research suggests that heavy users of mobile phones are at a greater risk of
developing cancerous brain tumors. However, many other studies suggest there are no links
between cancer and mobile phone use.

The main problem with the current research is that mobile phones have only been popular
since the 1990s. As a result, it is impossible to study long-term exposure to mobile phones. This
concerns many health professionals who point out that certain cancers can take at least 10 years
to develop. Another concern about these studies is that many have been funded by the mobile
phone industry.

Over three billion people now use mobile phones on a daily basis, and many talk for
more than an hour a day. Mobile phone antennas are similar to microwave ovens. While both
rely on electromagnetic radiation, the radio waves in mobile phones are lower in radio frequency
(RF). Microwave ovens have enough RF to cook food and are therefore known to be dangerous
to human tissues. However, the concern is that the lower-frequency radio waves that mobile
phones rely on may also be dangerous. It seems logical that holding a heat source near your brain
for a long period of time is a potential health hazard. Mobile phones and other electronic devices
get hot when they are operated for a long period of time.

Some researchers believe that other types of wireless technology may also be dangerous
to human health, including laptops, cordless phones, and gaming consoles. Organizations that are
concerned about the effects of Electromagnetic Radiation (EMR) suggest replacing all cordless
devices with wired ones. They say that many cordless phones can emit dangerous levels of EMR
even when they are not in use. They even suggest keeping electronic devices, such as computers
and alarm clocks out of the bedroom, or at least six feet from your pillow.

A growing number of health professionals worldwide are recommending that mobile

phone users make mistakes on the side of caution until more definitive studies can be conducted.
They recommend that adults use headsets or speaker phones and that children and teens, whose
brain tissue is still developing, use mobile phones only for emergencies. Concerned medical
experts use the example of tobacco to illustrate the potential risks. Many years ago, people
smoked freely and were not concerned about the effects of cigarettes on their health. Today,
people know that cigarettes cause lung cancer, though it is still unknown exactly how or why.
Some doctors fear that the same thing will happen with devices such as mobile phones.

F. (Adapted from https://www.englishclub.com)

2. Based on the passage, which of the following most likely reflects doctors’ concern on the
association between mobile phone use and cancer?
 A. Fire and heat

B. Demand and supply

C. Speeding and accident
D. Eyeglass and sight
E. Chef and menu

3. About the use of mobile phones, the author assumes that ….

A. heat transmitted from the phone affects the brain

B. the device becomes hot and dangerous after use
C. the health risk is still empirically questionable
D. the danger is similar to microwave oven use
E. there is no link to cancer incidents

4. About the use of mobile phones, the author assumes that ….

A. heat transmitted from the phone affects the brain

B. the device becomes hot and dangerous after use
C. the health risk is still empirically questionable
D. the danger is similar to microwave oven use
E. there is no link to cancer incidents

5. Based on the passage, it can be inferred that ….

A. people are aware of how mobile phones cause brain cancer

B. any electronic cordless devices may endanger human health

C. the mobile phone industries benefit financially from the sale
D. mobile phones are nevertheless very useful in our daily lives
E. the users of cordless devices will never care about the impacts

6. Which of the following best restates the idea in paragraph 1?

A. It is not easy to know for sure why people use mobile phones.
B. Our health must be at risk if we are talking on a mobile phone.
C. People who suffer from cancer are not caused by mobile phone use.
D. It is still debatable that mobile phone uses are dangerous to our health.
E. Risk of brain tumors may be developed by heavy users of mobile phones.

Indonesian authorities hope to reach an agreement with Singapore to start exporting

chickens within weeks, officials said, as the city-state scrambles to find alternative supply
sources after another neighbor Malaysia restricted sales. In a further sign of growing global food
shortages and supply chain issues, Malaysia halted chicken exports this month until local
production and soaring costs stabilize. The move had a knock-on impact in Singapore with
restaurants and street stalls hiking prices of its de-facto national dish, chicken rice.

Susiwijono Moegiarso, a senior official at Indonesia's Office of the Coordinating

Economic Minister, said authorities had conducted "technical discussions" with Singapore and
hoped exports could start this month. The Singapore Food Agency (SFA) said in a statement it
was "working closely" with Indonesian authorities over accreditation of the country as a potential
source of chicken imports. Indonesia, Southeast Asia's biggest and most populous country with
more than 270 million people, currently has a surplus in chicken production. Indonesia produces
55 million to 60 million birds per week, with a surplus of around 15 percent to 20 percent after
domestic consumption, Achmad Dawami, the chairman of the Indonesian Poultry Breeders'
Association, told Reuters. Exports to Singapore, which has an estimated demand of 3.6 million to
4 million birds per month, could help close the gap, Dawami said.

Singapore wanted to import live chickens in order to keep their domestic slaughterhouses
operational, Dawami said, noting Indonesian producers preferred exporting slaughtered chicken
since they lacked experience in shipping live poultry. "Hopefully within the next two weeks
there would be realization, if we have to wait for months we will miss the momentum," Dawami
said. Malaysia moved to partially lift its export ban on certain premium chickens last week. But a
ban on exporting commercial broiler chicken - which makes up the majority of Singapore's
chicken imports from Malaysia - and other types of chicken products will remain. Prices of
chicken, one of Malaysia's cheapest sources of protein, have soared in recent months as a global
feed shortage exacerbated by the Russia-Ukraine war disrupts production.

source: thejakartapost.com (with modifications)

7. The text mainly discusses about ….

A. the agreement of exporting chicken between Singapore and Indonesia

B. the supply chain issues happened in Singapore
C. the unstable price of chicken sales in Malaysia
D. the bilateral relationship between Singapore and Indonesia
E. the slaughtering operational issues in Indonesia and Singapore

8. In organizing ideas in the text, the writer starts by ….

A. proposing the alternative ways to increase chicken sales in Indonesia

B. explaining the reason of why the government exporting chicken

C. comparing the differences of supply chain between Indonesia and Singapore
D. describing the quality of chicken bred by Indonesian farmers
E. presenting the condition of chicken sales in Malaysia
 9. The phrase ‘’knock-on’’ in Paragraph 1 is closely in meaning to ….

A. random
B. consequent
C. light
D. contagious
E. spreaded

10. The following is TRUE about the text, except?

A. The decision had a blow effect in Singapore, where street vendors and restaurants
raised their prices for chicken rice.
B. In order to maintain the operation of their domestic slaughterhouses, Singapore
wanted to import live chickens.
C. Each week, Indonesia produces between 55 and 60 million birds, with a surplus of
between 15 and 20 percent after domestic consumption.
D. After another neighbor, Malaysia, restricted sales, the municipal scrambles to find
alternate supply sources.
E. Malaysia continued exporting chicken to Singapore until local production and rising
prices stabilized.

In the wake of HBO’s “Game of Thrones,” the biggest television show left standing may
be a show that isn’t on traditional TV. For the moment, nothing feels like it has more big-tent
appeal than Netflix’s energetically spooky sci-fi drama “Stranger Things,” whose eight-episode
third season arrives with a patriotic flourish on Thursday.

But much of the appeal of Matt and Ross Duffer’s series has always been its lack of
grandiosity or pretension, its disdain of the kind of mock gravitas “Thrones” embraced. The
Duffers just want to scare us and charm us, to indulge their love of science-fiction and horror
tropes and to perfect the pop-cult simulacrum of 1980s Midwestern America in which their show
is set.

The mission hasn’t changed in “Stranger Things 3,” which takes place in 1985, a year
after the events of the second season (just as the second season took place a year after the first).
The extent to which you’ll be scared or charmed may be variable, though. As happens in the film
world—and no show more authentically embodies the notion of the series-as-eight-hour-movie
—“Stranger Things” is already showing some franchise fatigue.

Which isn’t to say that the show’s just repeating itself. In addition to a portal to a bleak
alternate dimension dubbed The Upside Down from which terrifying monsters try to break into
our world, the semi-rural town of Hawkins, Ind., now has a new mall in which much of the
season’s action takes place. The parameters of the Duffers’ movie love shift accordingly—where
Steven Spielberg’s “E.T.” was the guiding spirit of the first two seasons, Season 3 pays tribute to
the ultimate mall movie, Amy Heckerling’s “Fast Times at Ridgemont High.”
 Introducing the mall as both setting and topical theme—it’s putting downtown
storefronts, like the Radio Shack run by last season’s tragic hero, Bob Newby (Sean Astin), out
of business—is a strategic response to something the show can’t avoid: puberty. The young cast
is growing up, and the real change in Season 3, which some fans may find distressing, is that
everyone’s pairing off. Even Dustin (Gaten Matarazzo), the nerdiest of the crew of world-saving
nerds, claims to have obtained a girlfriend over the summer.

(Source: https://www.nytimes.com/2019/07/03/arts/television/stranger-things-season-3-
review.html)

11. Which of these following statements is FALSE according to the text?

A. Stranger Things season 1 takes place two years before Stranger Things 3.
B. The fact that the characters are getting coupled upsets some fans.
C. Stranger Things is bigger than Game of Thrones.
D. The mall does not exist in Stranger Things season 1 and 2.
E. There are monsters in Stranger Things.

12. The main idea of paragraph 1 is ....

A. Stranger Things is bigger than Game of Thrones.
B. Game of Thrones is bigger than Stranger Things.
C. Game of Thrones is the biggest TV show.
D. Stranger Things is probably the only show right now that could compete with Game
of Thrones.
E. Netflix’s energetically spooky sci-fi drama “Stranger Things” has its eight-episode
third season arriving with a patriotic flourish on Thursday.

13. The bolded word has the closest meaning with the word ….
A. pride
B. huge
C. admiration
D. magnificence
E. surprise

14. In other words, we could say that …

A. The Duffers just want their show to be scary and entertaining, satisfies their love for
horror and sci-fi themes, and refine the 1980s Midwestern American’s pop-cult
simulacrum in their show as it is the set.
B. The Duffers just want us to be scared and charmed with their show, satisfy us with
their love for sci-fi and horror shows, and bring the 1980s Midwestern American’s
pop-cult simulacrum into perfection with the show’s set.
 C. To frighten and captivate us at the same time, to indulge their passion for sci-fi and
horror tropes, and to perfect the Midwestern American pop-cult simulacrum are the
reasons why The Duffers set their show in the 1980s.
D. To scare and charm the audience, since it is one way to fulfill their desire of making a
perfect 1980s Midwestern American’s pop-cult simulacrum out of their love for sci-fi
and horror genre, is the reason for The Duffers to make Stranger Things series.
E. Stranger Things was made by The Duffers to frighten and captivate the audience as it
also satisfies their love for sci-fi and horror genre, hence the show is set in the 1980s
—to perfect the 1980s Midwestern American’s pop-cult simulacrum.

There's a lot of potentially useful raw materials bound up in used face masks, grocery
bags and food wrap. But it has been much cheaper to keep making more of these single-use
plastics than to recover and recycle them. An international research team led by the Department
of Energy's Pacific Northwest National Laboratory has cracked the code that stymied previous
attempts to break down these persistent plastics. Typically, recycling plastics requires 'cracking'
or splitting apart the tough and stable bonds that also make them so persistent in the
environment. This cracking step requires high temperatures, making it expensive and energy
intensive. The novelty here is combining the cracking step with a second reaction step that
immediately completes the conversion to a liquid gasoline-like fuel without unwanted
byproducts. The second reaction step deploys what are known as alkylation catalysts. These
catalysts provide a chemical reaction currently deployed by the petroleum industry to improve
the octane rating of gasoline.

Source : sciencedaily.com (with modifications)

15. According to the text, people won’t have fatty liver disease if ….
A. they consume fast food everyday
B. they have better understanding on potential harming food
C. low concentrations of fat are present in livers.
D. they are non-alcoholic
E. they work out their bodies

16. The text mainly discusses about ….

A. the heart disease that threatening people
B. the reason on reducing fast-food consumption
C. the new year resolution for obese people
D. the liver fats that could cause diabetes
E. the fast-food calories that consumed by people

TEXT A

Millennials, or people born between 1981 and 1996, are known for living at home with
their parents longer, renting instead of buying a home, and staying in college to earn advanced
degrees while simultaneously drowning in student loan debt. But one thing hardly discussed is
the factors that have impacted millennials, their lifestyles and their finances, for better and for
worse. While people are quick to poke fun at them, nobody wants to talk about why millennials
aren't meeting the same financial milestones as previous generations.

So, what is truly making it more difficult for millennials to build wealth? According to
Sam Garrison, who is the co-founder of financial wellness company Stackin, many millennials
started out on their journey to adulthood at the worst possible time. For example, some came of
age in the working world at a time of dramatic changes, beginning with the '08 recession through
to the Covid-19 pandemic and now the new wave of tech layoffs.

Garrison also adds that millennials are more likely than previous generations to switch
jobs every few years. This assertion is backed up by a recent report from Gallup that showed
60% of millennials were open to new job opportunities, compared to just 45% of workers in
other age groups who said the same.

Source: forbes.com (with modifications)

TEXT B

Millennials who managed the feat of becoming homeowners have discovered that their
piece of the American Dream may have turned into a bit of a nightmare. 82% of millennial
homeowners have at least one regret about their first home purchase, according to a 2023
Millennial Homebuyer Report by Clever Real Estate’s Real Estate Witch. That’s not surprising
given the difficult hand dealt to this generation: two economic recessions and a historically
expensive housing market driven by high demand and limited supply, followed by climbing high
mortgage rates in 2022.

Given the challenges facing them, many millennials have had to be flexible and make
compromises when buying a home that, in hindsight, may not have been worth it. There are a
handful of first-time regrets, but the most common is taking out a mortgage with too high an
interest rate.

The good news is that while you can’t control the market’s rates, you can take steps to
increase your odds of scoring the lowest rate possible from what’s offered. Millennials can work
on your debt-to-income (DTI) ratio, or how much debt you owe compared to your gross income.
A lower ratio tells a lender that you have a healthy balance of debt to income. A higher ratio may
indicate that too much of your income is dedicated to paying down debt.

Source: cnbc.com (with modifications)

17. The two text above is mainly talk about ….

A. millennials nowadays
B. the struggles of millennials
C. the difficulties of buying home for millennials
D. the rising price of housing
 E. the switching job trend in millenials

18. It can be inferred from text B that ….

A. People will have better chance of getting new jobs after the tech layoffs
B. Milennials will need to prepare themselves better in financial planning
C. Milennials will always have difficulties to get houses and jobs due to recession
D. There will be more millennials that need to get work
E. Most people will likely have a hard time to pay debts
19. What is the tone of both text?
A. amused
B. arrogant
C. evasive
D. sympathetic
E. fearful

20. Which of the following best restates the third sentence in Paragraph 1 in Text A?
A. Why millennials aren't achieving the same financial milestones as older generations is
a topic that no one likes to acknowledge.
B. Milennials are easy to be clowned so that they can capable in reaching financial
freedom
C. Nobody wants to discuss why millennials aren't reaching the same financial
milestones as earlier generations, despite the fact that people are respecting them.
D. Even though they are easily made fun of, everyone wants to discuss the reasons why
millennials aren't reaching the same financial milestones as earlier generations.
E. Milennial can't reach financial milestone as they are easily made fun of