Republic of the Philippines

Region V (Bicol)
Commission on Higher Education
Our Lady of Salvation College
Tiwi, Albay
S.Y. 2023-2024
Second Semester

SUBJECT: STATISTICS
INSTRUCTOR: BOJO B. CRUCILLO
CLASS: BSAB 2
TIME: 5:00-6:00

Lesson 12: Understanding the Z-Score

What is Z-score?
The z – score is a measure of relative standing that tells how many standard
deviations either above or below the mean a particular value is. The scores
represent the distances from the center measured in standard deviation units. There
are six z-score values at the baseline of the normal curve: three z-scores to the
left of the mean that are negative and three zscores to the right of the mean which
are positive.

What is the importance of the Z-score?

Raw scores may be composed of large values, but these large values cannot be
accommodated at the baseline of the normal curve. So, these need to be transformed
into scores for convenience without sacrificing meanings associated with the raw
scores. The areas under the normal curve are given in terms of zvalues or scores.
Either the z-scores locates X within a sample or within a population.
Example 1: Find the z-score value that corresponds to a normal random variable X =
93 in the given mean µ = 85 and standard deviation σ = 8 of a population in
Statistics test.

This normal curve is showing the graphical conversion of raw score to z-score.
Thus, the z-score value that corresponds to a normal random variable 93 is 1.

Example 2: Compute for a raw score X for given the sample mean 𝑥̅ = 135,
and sample standard deviation s = 30, and z = -2.

The normal curve below is showing the graphical conversion of zscore to a raw score
X.
Thus, the raw score X that corresponds to a z = -2 is 75.

Example 3: Juan wants to interpret in terms of performance his first Midterm grades
in report card for Statistics (81) and Entrepreneurship (83). The means are 65 and
75, respectively. The standard deviations are 8 and 5, respectively. Is the
information sufficient to find and compare the standardized scores of his grades. In
what subject he performed well?
Statistics: Entrepreneurship
The normal curve below is the conversion of raw score X to z-score. The given
information in a problem is sufficient to find and compare the standardized score as
shown above. The z-score value z = 2 of Juan in Statistics is higher than z = 1.60,
the z-score value in Entrepreneurship.

Statistics
Entrepreneurship
Thus, Juan performed well in Statistics.
 ACTIVITIES
Note: (Please accomplish this activities whether soft copy file or hard copy)
Activity 1:
A. Direction: In a Statistic Test, given µ = 77, and σ = 14. Find the z-score value
that corresponds to each of the following scores (in two decimal places):
1. X = 63 z = ______
2. X = 112 z = ______
3. X = 100 z = ______
4. X = 50 z = ______
5. X = 84 z = ______
6. X = 68 z = ______
7. X = 75 z = ______
8. X = 110 z = ______
9. X = 65 z = ______
10. X = 89 z = ______

B. Direction: Find the random variable X that corresponds to the following:

1. µ = 50, σ = 12, z = 3 X=___________
2. µ = 50, σ = 12, z = -2.5 X=___________
3. x̄ = 83, s = 6, z = 0 X=___________
4. x̄ = 45, s = 5, z = -0.75 X=___________
5. µ = 84, σ = 7, z = -0.45 X=___________

ACTIVITY 2:
Direction: Suppose the normal curve below is about the distribution of
books in the library that are found to have an average length of pages and
standard deviation. Answer the following using the distribution:

_________1. What is the average length of pages of books in the library?

_________2. What is its standard deviation?
_________3. What is the z-score value of 230 pages?
_________4. What is the raw score of the standardized score z = 1.50?
_________5. What is the z-score of 450 pages?