SEMI- DETAILED LESSON PLAN IN STATISTICS AND PROBABILITY 11

CONTENT STANDARDS: The learner demonstrates understanding of key concepts of normal probability
distribution.

PERFORMANCE STANDARDS: The learner is able to accurately formulate and solve real-life problems in
different disciplines involving normal distribution.

I. Objectives

Cognitive Domain

1. To compute probabilities and percentiles using the standard normal table.

Psychomotor Domain
2. To sketch normal curve;
Affective Domain
3. To modify steps in determining probabilities and percentiles using the standard normal table.
4. To solve real-life problem involving normal distribution.
II. Subject Matter

Topic: Computing Probabilities and Percentiles Using the Standard Normal Table
Reference: Statistics and Probability. Manila: Rex Bookstore Inc. & Next Century Mathematics (Statistics &
Probability). Quezon City: Phoenix Publishing House, Inc.
Author: Belecina, R. R. (2016) & Mercado, J. P. (2018)
Materials: PowerPoint & Chalk Board

III. Learning Episodes

A. Routinely Activities
Prayer
Greetings
Classroom Management
Checking of Attendance

B. Review
Ask the students about the previous lesson.
-Let the students answer.

C. Motivation
ACTIVITY
Materials:
 8.5 x 11 sheet of paper
 Pencils
Teacher will explain the following scenario to the students:
 A machine is use to put candies into boxes for retailing. The machine is consistently accurate and the
actual number of candies in a box is normally distributed, with a mean of 106 and standard deviation
of 2.
x−μ
 Given the formula for getting the value of z; z=
σ

INSTRUCTION:
 Draw and label a normal curve from the following information.
 What percentage of boxes contain more than 104 candies?
 What percentage of boxes contain more than 110 candies?
 What percentage of boxes contain less than 108 candies?
 What percentage of boxes contain less than 100 candies?
 What percentage of boxes contain between 102 and 112 candies?
  What percentage of boxes contain between 100 and 106 candies?
The students who finishes the fastest with the most accurate answer, WINS.

D. Lesson Proper
What is normal curve?
-Let the students read the definition of normal curve.
A normal curve is a symmetrical bell-shaped curve representing the probability density function of a normal
distribution. The area of a vertical section of the curve represents the probability that the random variable lies
between the values, which delimit the section.
Now, let us learn how to use the probability notation in equating desired probability area.
The following are the probability notations;

 P (a < z < b) denotes the probability that the z - score is between a and b.
For example: To denote the area between z=1 and z=2, we use this notation.
P (1 < z < 2) = 0.1539 “the probability that z=1 and z=2 is 0.1539 or 15.39 %.
 P (z > a) denotes the probability that the z - score is greater than a.
For example: To denote the area above z= -1.
P (z > -1) = 0.3413 + 0.5
P (z > -1) = 0.8413

 P (z < a) denotes the probability that the z - score is less than a.

Where a and b are z – score values.

For example, to denote the area between z = 1 and z = 2, we use the notation:
P (1 < z < 2) = 0.1359
“The probability that the z – score falls between z = 1 and z = 2 is 0.1359.”
Normal distribution, P (z = a) = 0, means that with infinitely many different values, the probability of getting
any one exact value is 0.
For example, take z = 1.22 exactly.
A single point like 1.22 would be represented graphically by a vertical line above 1.22 but the vertical line
contains no area, so P(z=1.22) = 0. With any continuous random variable, the probability of any one
exact
value is 0. Thus, it follows that:
P(a ≤ z ≤ b) = P(a < z < b)

Example 1:
What is the area between z = 0 and z =1.54?
Solution:
Step 1: Sketch the normal curve.
Step 2: Locate the area for z = 1.54 from the areas under the Normal Curve table
(Proceed down the column 1.5. Then, proceed to the right along this row until you reach the column
marked 4. The intersection of the row that contains 1.5 and the column marked 4 is the area. The area is
0.4382.)
Hence, P(0< z <1.54) = 0.4382.

Example 2:
Find the area between z = 1.52 and z = 2.5.
Solution:
Step 1: Sketch the normal curve.

Step 2: From the table, find P(0<z<1.52), area between z = 0 and z = 1.52, and P(0<z<2.5), area between z =
0 and z = 2. 5.
P(0< z <1.52) = 0.4357
P(0 < z < 2.5) = 0.4938
P(1.52 < z < 2.5) = P(0 < z < 2.5) - P(0< z <1.52)
= 0.4938 - 0.4357
= 0.0581
Therefore, the area between z = 1.52 and z = 2.5 is 0.0581 or P(1.52 < z < 2.5) = 0.0581.
Example 3:
Find the area to the right of z = 1.56.
Solution:
Step 1: Sketch the normal curve.

Step 2: From the table, find P(0<z<1.56), area between z = 0 and z = 1.56.
P(0< z <1.56) = 0.4406
P(z > 1.56) = 0.5 - P(0< z <1.56) since the area of half the curve is 0.5
= 0.5 - 0.4406
= 0.0594
Hence, the area to the right of z = 1.56 is 0.0594 or P(z > 1.56) = 0.0594.
Example 4:
Find the area between z = 0 and z = - 1.65.
Solution:
Step 1: Sketch the normal curve.

Step 2: Locate the area for z = - 1.65 from the areas under the Normal Curve table. Proceed down the column
1.6. Disregard the negative sign (-). Then, proceed to the right along this row until you reach the column
marked 5.The intersection of the row that contains 1.6 and the column marked 5 is the area.
Hence, P(0< z < - 1.65) = 0.4505.
Example 5:
The results of a nationwide aptitude test in mathematics are normally distributed with m = 80 and s =
15. What is the percentile rank of a score of 84?
Analysis:
Since we are interested in the percentile rank of 84, this means finding the percentage of scores below 84. To
find the required area from the normal table, we transform 84 to z – score and then perform the appropriate
mathematical operation.
Example 6:
The weights of adults in Barangay Y approaches normal distribution with a mean of 52.9 kg and standard
deviation of 7.2 kg. If an adult was chosen at random from Barangay Y, what is the probability that his weight
is above 48.5 kg.
x−μ
z=
σ

Given: μ=52.9, σ =7.2 and x=48.5

48.5−52.9 −4.4
z= = = -0.61
7.2 7.2
P(z> -0.61) = 0.2291+0.5
P(z> -0.61) = 0.7291
Thus, the probability that the randomly selected adults weight above 48.5 kg is 0.7291 or 72.91%.
E. Application
Please bring out 1 whole sheet of paper.
PRACTICE EXERCISE 1
I. True or False. Write T if the statement is true. Otherwise, write F.
_______1. Probability value is always from 0 to 1.
_______2. The normal curve is a probability distribution.
_______3. It is possible to get a probability of 0.000001 under the normal curve.
_______ 4. Finding the area of a region under the curve is the same as finding the
probability associated with that region.
_______ 5. P(a<z<b) denotes the probability that the z – score is between a and b.
II. Determine each of the following areas. Use probability notation in your final answer.
 Example: P(z >1.46) = 0.0721 1. above z = 1.46

PRACTICE EXERCISE 2:
In an English test, the mean is 60 and the standard deviation is 6. Assuming the scores are
normally distributed, answer the following questions.
______a. What is the percentile rank of the score 65?
______b. What is the percentile of the score less than 70?
______c. What percent of the scores is greater than 65?
______d. What percent of the scores is less than 70?
______e. What percent of the score is between 50 and 65?
IV. Generalization
Modified Steps in Determining Probabilities and Percentiles using the Standard Normal Table.
1. Draw the normal curve.
2. Locate the given z – value or values at the base line.
3. Draw a vertical line through these values.
4. Shade the required region. Find models, if any.
5. Consult the z – Table to find the areas that correspond to the given z – value or z – values.
6. Examine the graph and use the probability notation to form an equation showing an appropriate operation to
get the required area.
7. Make statement indicated the required area.
V. Assignment(In a 1 whole sheet of paper)
Write the letter of the correct answer on the space before the number.
_________1. Which is equal to P(z> -0.31)?
A. 12.17% B. 12.55% C. 37.83% D. 62.17%
_________2. Which is equal to P(z> 0.31)?
A. 12.17% B. 12.55% C. 37.83% D. 62.17%
_________3. Which is equal to P(0<z<0.31)?
A. 12.17% B. 12.55% C. 37.83% D. 62.17%
For numbers 4 - 5, refer to the following problem.
In a Science test, the mean score is 40 and the standard deviation is 5. Assume that the score is normally distributed.
_________4. What percent of the score is greater than 48?
A. 94.52% B. 44.52% C. 5.48% D. 0%
_________5. What percent of the score is between 40 and 48?
A. 94.52% B. 44.52% C. 5.48% D. 0%
Prepared by:

MARINELLA V. MAURO
BSEd- Math Major
Practice Teacher

Checked by:

FATIMA MOBINA G. VILLASAN

Cooperating Teacher