CONDITIONAL CLAUSES

0 Conditional: General things or things that are true. Universal truth.

1. If you go to Britain, people drive on the left.

2. If you heat ice, it melts.

1st Conditional: Possible or Probable future events and their consequences. To make promises or give warnings.

1. If the recession continues, more people will lose their jobs.

2. If we don’t take a map, we might/may/could get lost. If you use this shampoo, your hair will shine.

3. If you don’t rest, your leg won’t be better.

*We can replace IF with WHEN, AS SOON AS and UNLESS

4. He has nightmares when she sees horror films.

5. She wakes up as soon as the alarm clock starts it to ring.

6. Unless you come, I won’t go to my aunt’s birthday.

2nd Conditional: Imaginary or hyphotetical situations in the present or in the future. Unlikely situations. Advice.

I would speak English well if I went to UK.

If I were you, I would study more.

3rd Conditional: hypothetical situation in the past and its consequences.

1. If you had asked me I would have told you.

2. If you had invited me I would have gone to the disco.

Rephrasing

1. It was very cold, that’s why we didn’t have a party in the garden.

If it …

2. Unless you hand in all your exercises you will have a negative mark.

If you …

3. I missed my dental appointment because you didn’t remind me.

If you …

4. He was using old wheels, that’s why he had an accident.

If he …

5. If you don’t advertise your product, nobody will know it.

Unless …
6. When I arrived the train had left, so I couldn’t say goodbye to them.

If I …

7. I didn’t help Sheila because she didn’t ask me.

If Sheila …

8. If he continues driving so fast he will be fined.

Unless …

9. I don’t know what time it is because I haven’t got a watch.

If I …

10. You got wet because you didn’t take an umbrella.

If you …

11. You don’t feel well because you didn’t do the right thing (and you know it).

If you …

12. I like that television but I can’t buy it because it is very expensive.

If ...

13. Dylan was not here at that time, so he didn’t meet the new counselor.

If Dylan …

14. If we are not careful with the resources, the earth will suffer the consequences in a short time.

Unless …

15. Whenever I make a promise, I keep it. (0C)

If I …

16. She wasn’t wearing warm enough clothes, that’s why she caught a cold.

If she …

17. Jake was so sad that he didn’t talk to anybody.

If Jake …

18. Don’t go out in the rain because you’ll get wet.

If you…

19. I can’t meet my girlfriend because I have to study.

If I

20. I feel miserable because Kate doesn’t love me.

If Kate…

21. I won’t enjoy the film if you aren’t with me.

Unless you…

22. There are too many cars. As a result, our planet is polluted.

If there…

23. Girls don’t talk to you because you never smile.

If you…

24. I won't go to Rio unless I find a cheap flight.

If I…

25. Whenever Peter and I meet, we talk about the good old times. (0c)

If Peter and I…

26. I don’t have a computer so I can’t email you.

If I…

27. When I touch the fire I get burnt.

If I…

28 If you don’t water the plants, they die.

Unless…

 As soon as

They won’t get married until they find a job.

As soon as…

We will buy the car, and then we will go on holidays.

As soon as…

We will start the meeting when you arrive.

As soon as…

Call me when you get in the airport.

As soon as…

I will keep looking for my car keys until I find them

As soon as…I’ll sit outside until it gets dark.

As soon as…
WISHES/REGRETS

I wish + past perfect (arrepentimiento); regret. Por algo que hiciste o algo que no llegaste a hacer.

I wish I hadn’t been so rue to my mother last night.

I wish + Past simple. Cosas que no se han hecho realidad en el presente y cosas que pueden hacerse realidad en el futuro.
Expresas el hecho de que te gustaría cambiar el estado de las cosas del presente o futuro. Situaciones imaginaries en
presente y futuro que no se pueden cambiar en el mundo real tan fácilmente.

I wish I was in the Caribbean instead of being here.

I wish I could speak Japanese

I wish I had a motbike

I wish was going on holiday with you next week.

I wish + would. Se quiere que alguien o algo cambie. Expresa impaciencia o molestia por cosas que se escapan de tu control. No
está en nuestras manos cambiarlas. Expresamos una queja referida al presente por algo que siempre se está haciendo
y nos molesta.

I only it would stop raining

I wish my brother would wear smarter clothes

I wish you wouldn’t speak so loud

Exercises

1. It is a pity that you missed the play. It was really entertaining.

I wish

2. I regret not having more opportunities to speak English.

I wish

3. My parents don’t let me go out on weekdays. I don’t like that at all.

I wish

4. I regret ignoring my parents’ advice when I was at school.

If only

5. I don’t have much free time to do what I really like. That’s a pity.

I wish

6. I would like shops to be open on Sunday.

I wish
7. Brendan is very rude to me. I can’t stand it.

I wish

8. It’s a pity that you cannot take part in the competition. You play really well.

If only

9. Chris is always late, and that is not fair for the rest of the employees.

I wish

10. I can’t stand their impoliteness.

I wish

11. It is a pity you are not here. If only

12. I’m sorry, but I can’t help you now. I wish

13. I really want him to stop talking. I wish

14. You never brush your teeth after meals. I wish

15. I’m sorry I argued with my friend yesterday. I wish

16. I’m sorry that I didn’t finish my homework last night. I wish

17. She should have called her parents earlier. I wish

18. I should have learnt French at school. I wish

19. She knows it was a mistake to take drugs. If only