ASSIGNMENT ONE

Question 1

a) Explain the following

(i) Pascals’s principle of transmission [2]
(ii) Archimede’s principle of floatation [2]
b) Show how you can use the equation of continuity and Bernoulli’s equation to measure flow
in a Venturi meter [5]
c) A closed weather balloon with an initial volume V rises up in the atmosphere to a point
where the outside air pressure is 1/10 of the pressure at the surface and the temperature of
the air has dropped by a factor of 3. Assume that the balloon is filled with an ideal gas and
that the material of the balloon exerts no pressure and does not insulate so that the
temperature and pressure are the same inside and outside the balloon. Calculate if the
volume of the gas increase, decrease, or stay the same as the balloon rises and Justify your
answer. [6]
d) A solid object of a material with a density of 4000 kg/m3 has a volume of 0.002 m3
and thus a mass of 8 kg. Calculate the force needed to exert to support this object i) In air.
[3]
ii) When it is completely submerged in water. The density of water is 1000 kg/m3. Use
g=10m/s2in this problem. [3]
c) Assume that water is flowing through a rubber tube. Due to a weakness in the material, a section
of the tube expands so it has a larger radius than the other parts. Describe what would happen to
the water flow velocity and the water pressure in the enlarged section of the tube. [4]

Question 2

a) Define

(i) Inertia [2]

(ii) Weightlessness [2]

(iii) Reaction [2]

b) A stone attached to the end of a rope moves in a vertical line solely under the influence of gravity
and constant tension in the tension in the rope. Find the tension in the rope at the following points

(i) At the lowest point[3]

(ii) At the highest point [3]

(iii)When at an angle to the vertical [3]

c) (i) State the principle of conservation of linear momentum [2]

(ii) A snooker ball X of mass 0.3 kg moving with a velocity of 5 m/s hits a stationary ball Y of
mass 0.4 kg. Y moves off with velocity 2 m/s at 30° to the initial direction of X. Find the velocity of
X and its direction after hitting Y.[8]

[Total 50 marks]