PHARMACOGNOSY NOTES

Sl. Name of the Biological Source Chemical Therapeutic Uses

No. Drugs Constituents
1. Arachis oil Arachis hypogaea Glycerides of Oleic, Base for oily injectables,
(Peanut oil) Leguminosae linoleic and palmitic nutritive
acids
Page | 2. Black mustard Brassica nigra Allyl isothiocynate Rubefacient, counter irritant
1 oil Cruciferae and fatty acid and condiment
(Sarson oil) glycerides, sinigrin
3. Cannauba wax Copernicia verifera Carnaubic and Depilatories, cosmetic
(Brazil wax) Palmae cerotic acid products
4. Castor oil Ricinus communis Ricinoleic and Laxative, lubricant,
Euphorbiaceae isoricinoleic acid cosmetics, urethanes
5. Hydrogenated Ricinus communis Triglyceride of Ointment base
castor oil Euphorbiaceae hydroxy stearic acid
(Castor wax)
6. Chaulmoogra oil Hydnocarpus Hydnocarpic and Antileprotic
(Hydnocarpus wightiana Chaulmoogric acid
oil) Flacourtriaceae
7. Cocoa-butter Theobroma cacao Glycerides of Suppository base
(Theobroma oil) Sterculiaceae steraic, oleic and
palmitic acids
8. Corn oil Zea mays Grmineae Oleic and linoleic Dietary supplement,
(Maize oil) acids, Margarine
phospholipids, vit E
9. Cotton seed oil Gossypium Glycerides of Pharmaceutical aid
herbaceum saturated and
Malvaceae unsaturated fatty
acids
10. Evening Oenothera biennis Gamma linoleic Nutritive and cosmetics
primrose oil Onagraceae acid and linoleic
acid
11. Jojoba oil Simmondsia chinensis Mixture of long Cosmetics and lubricant
Buxaceae chain esters of fatty
acids
12. Karanja oil Pongamia glabra Glycerides of fatty Non-edible oil, cosmetics,
Papilinaceae acids, a sitosterol antiseptic
13. Kokum butter Garcinia indica Glycerides of Demulcent, emollient,
(Goa butter) Guttiferae stearic, palmitic and confectionary fat
linoleic acids
14. Lecithin Sobean oil, egg yolk Phosphates of Source of choline, also used
(Lecithol) phosphatidyl in cosmetics, soaps
ethanolamine
(cephaline)
15. Linseed oil Linum usitatissimum Oileic, linoleic and Lotions, liniments,
Linaceae linolenic acids ointments, vanishing and
paint industry
16. Neem oil Azadiracta indica Glyecrides of Non-edible oil, cosmetics,
(Margosa oil) Meliaceae saturated and spermicidal
unsaturated fatty
acids
PHARMACOGNOSY NOTES SUBHAS DEY
 PHARMACOGNOSY NOTES

17. Olive oil Olea europea Olein, palmitin and Vehicle for oily injection and
Oleaceae linolein emollient
18. Poppy seed oil Papaver somniferum Glycerides of oleic Drying oil, iodised oil, paint
Papaveraceae and linoleic acids and varnish industry
19. Rice bran oil Oryza sativa Glycerides of oleic Food oil, cosmetics
Page | Graminae and linoleic acids,
2 tocopherol
20. Safflower oil Carthamus tinctorius Glycerides of oleic Edible oil, oleo margarine
Compositae and linoleic acids vegetable ghee
21. Sesame oil Sesamum indicum Glycerides of oleic, Demulcent, laxative, base for
(Gingellyoil) Pedaliaceae palmitic and oily injectables
sesamolin
22. What germ oil Triticum aestivum Glycerides of fatty Nutritive and source of vit E
Graminae acids
23. Soya bean oil Glycine soja Omega-3-fatty acids Source of sterols
Papilionaceae (EPA+DHA)
24. Almond oil Prunus amygdalus Saturated and For toiletry preparations such
Rosaceae unsaturated fatty as soap, shampoo and hair
acids oils
25. Coconut oil Cocus nucifera Triglycerides of Emollient and for edible
Areceae saturated fatty acids purpose
and caprylic acid,
capric acid, lauric
acid, myristic acid
26. Canola oil Brassia-napus rapa 40% fixed oil and Substitute for rape-seed oil
Erusiferie contain linoleic and for cooking and preparation
linolenic fatty acids of lipsticks.
i9n proportion of
2:1, phytosterols
like beta-sitosterol
capesterol
27. Mango kernel oil Mangifera indica Olein, linolenic acid Substitute for coca butter
Anacardiaceae and tocopherols
28. Sunflower oil Helianthus annus Arachidonic acid, Emollient, humectant
linolenic acid
29. Tea-tree oil Melaleuca alternifoila 1,6 cineole and 1 Flavouring agent, antiseptic
(Melaleuca oil) Myrtaceae terpiene-4-ol
30. Bees wax Apis mellifica Apidae Myricyl palmitate, Hardening agent, ointment
(Yellow bees cerotic acid base
wax)
31. Cod-liver oil Gadus morrhua Vit A and vit D, Deficiency of vit A and D,
Gardidae glycerides of fatty emollient, in treatment of
acids rickets
32. Halibut liver oil Psettodes sp. Vit A and vit D, Deficiency of vit A and D,
glycerides of fatty emollient, in treatment of
acids rickets
33. Shark liver oil Sus scrofa Suidae Olein stearin Ointment base
34. Lanolin Ovis aries Bovidae Esters of cholesterol Absorbable ointment base
(Hydrous wool and carnaubic and
fat) oleic acids
PHARMACOGNOSY NOTES SUBHAS DEY