Excel For Professionals 2021

MICROSOFT EXCEL FOR
PROFESSIONALS
ESSENTIALS & INTERMEDIATE ONE
VOLUME 1, 2018
Published By:
RichardBlack Media
First published 2018
Abiola Abiola David asserts his moral right to be identified as the author of
this book
All Rights Reserved: No part of this publication may be reproduced,
distributed or transmitted in any form or by any means including
photocopying, recording, or other electronic or mechanical methods without
the prior written permission of the author.
DEDICATION
To my darling wife, Abiola Olawunmi Ifeloju, who is the embodiment of
love, encouragement and inspiration.
To all the professionals, decision makers and business owners who analyse,
present and make decisions using data
ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS
First and foremost, I would like to bless the name of the Lord and return all
the gory to Him for all the things He has done for me from childhood to
adulthood. I appreciate Him, who is the source of life and giver of mind-
blowing ideas who inspired me to take the long journey of writing this
epoch-making book after His divine arrangement for my life.
Secondly, I appreciate by parent – Late Mr Owolabi Awonuga and Mrs
Oluwakemi Oremade. Words would fail me to describe the efforts of my
lovely mum with the help from God, to single-handedly brought me up and
educate me from primary to the university level. In addition, I sincerely
appreciate my reliable elder sister, Mrs Remilekun Samuel for are sisterly
love and care.
Thirdly, I sincerely appreciate by indefatigable and beautiful wife,
Olawunmi, for being the source of my inspiration and encouragement that
ultimately lead to the writing of this masterpiece. Her perseverance, in spite
of the longs hours of writing and editing this book through many nights and
days, is unique
Furthermore, I cannot but appreciates my spiritual parents-in-the-Lord, for
their impact in my life – Pastors Jacob Oluwaleke (RCCG, LP 30 APICP
Admin), Mrs Arikawe Abimbola, Ausi Taiwo, Late Temile Francis,
Anderson Airen, Funsho Adeyanju, and Alex Bekeowi.
Finally, I appreciate the following glorious folks – Mr. & Mrs. E.O Emola
(my father and mother-in-law), Mr & Mrs Olakunle Fella, Mr Adeola and
Olamide Emola. Mr & Mrs Ewuola. Mr Taiwo Samuel, Teniola and Olamide
Samuel.
Table of Contents
EXCEL JET ESSENTIALS
LECTURE ONE
INTRODUCTION TO SPREADSHEET
STARTING
HOME TAB
INSERT TAB
PAGE LAYOUT TAB
FORMULAS TAB
DATA TAB
REVIEW TAB
VIEW TAB
HOME TAB FONT GROUP
FILE TAB
COLLAPSE UNCOLLASE RIBBON
QUICK ACCESS TOOLBAR
FORMULA BAR
WORKBOOK
WORKSHEET
STATUS BAR
ACTIVE CELL
NAME BOX
TOTAL ROWS AND COLUMNS COUNT
FILL HANDLE
SELECTION AND NAVIGATION
SCROLL TOOLBAR
HOME CELL
SELECT SINGLE MULTIPLE CELLS
COLUMN/ROW DATA SINGLES SELECTION
MULTIPLE SELECTION OF COLUMNS/ROWS DATA
NON-CONTIGUOUS DATA SELECTION
VIEW OPTIONS
ZOOM SLIDER
NORMAL VIEW, PAGE LAYOUT VIEW PAGE BREAK VIEW
GRIDLINES
SPLIT
FREEZE PANES OPTION
FREEZE TOP ROW
FREEZE PANES
FREEZE FIRST COLUMN
LECTURE TWO
TERMINOLOGIES
FORMULA
FUNCTION
VALUE
RANGE
RELATIVE REFERENCE
FORMULA IN CONTEXT
CALCULATE PROFIT MARGIN
CALCULATE SUB TOTAL
CALCULATE DISCOUNT
CALCULATE TOTAL
FUNCTIONS 1: SUM AND AUTOSUM
FUNCTIONS II: AVERAGE, MAX MIN
AVERAGE
MAX
MIN
ABSOLUTE CELL REFERENCE
APPLY ABSOLUTE REFERENCE
ACROSS SHEETS CALCULATIONS
CALCULATE SALES 15 16 SHEETS TOTAL SALES
CALCULATE COMMISSIONS ACROSS SHEETS
LECTURE THREE
FORMATTING
WIDENING COLUMNS
FONT FORMATTING
FONT
FONT SIZE
BOLD, ITALIC UNDERLINE
FILL FONT COLORS
BORDER
ALL BORDERS
TOP AND DOUBLE BOTTOM BORDER
THICK OUTSIDE BORDERS
NO BORDERS
ALIGNMENT TOOLS
WRAP TEXT
MERGE AND CENTER
CENTER ACROSS SELECTION
ORIENTATION
FORMAT PAINTER
NUMBER FORMATTING
CURRENCY FORMAT
CHANGING DEFAULT CURRENCY FROM REGIONAL SETTINGS
APPLY NGN AS DEFAULT CURRENCY
PERCENTAGE FORMAT
DATE FORMAT
LONG DATE FORMAT
STYLES AND THEMES
APPLYING TITLE STYLES
APPLYING HEADINGS STYLES
THEMES
CHANGING THEME COLOUR
CHANGING THEME FONTS
LECTURE FOUR
MANAGING ROWS AND COLUMNS
DELETE ROW/ROWS
DELETE COLUMN/COLUMNS
INSERT COLUMNS AND ROWS
HIDE UNHIDE COLUMN/COLUMNS ROW/ROWS
CLEAR CONTENT
FIND AND SELECT: FIND
REPLACE
FILTERING
MULTIPLE FILTERS
NUMBER OF COLUMNS AND ROWS
SORTING – SINGLE COLUMN
SORTING – MULTIPLE COLUMNS
CONDITIONAL FORMATTING
CF: HIGHLIGHT CELLS RULES
REMOVE CONDITIONAL FORMATTING
CF: TEXT THAT CONTAINS
CF: TOP/BOTTOM RULES
CF: DATA BARS
CF: COLOUR SCALES
CF: ICON SETS
LECTURE FIVE
TERMINOLOGIES
PRINT AREA
PAGE BREAKS
PRINT PREVIEW
ORIENTATION, MARGINS AND SCALE
PAGE BREAKS
REMOVE PAGE BREAK
HEADERS AND FOOTERS
LECTURE SIX
BASIC CHART TYPES
PIE CHART BY ROW DATA
PIE CHART BY COLUMN DATA
COLUMN CHART
ADD NEW SERIES
LINE CHART
MOVE, COPY AND RESIZE CHARTS
RESIZE CHART
CHANGE CHART TYPES
CHANGE CHART STYLES
CHANGING CHART LAYOUT
CHARTS MODIFICATION
SHARE CHARTS
EXCEL JET INTERMEDIATE ONE
LECTURE ONE
WORKING WITH MULTIPLE WORKSHEETS
ADD SHEET
MOVE SHEET
CREATE A COPY
RENAME SHEET
APPLYING TAB COLOURS
GROUP SHEET
3D FORMULAS
LINKING WORKBOOKS
MANAGING WORKBOOK LINKS
CONSOLIDATE BY POSITION
RECALCULATE NEW VALUE IN CONSOLIDATION
CREATING LINKS IN CONSOLIDATION
OUTLINES
CONSOLIDATION BY REFERENCE
LECTURE TWO
COMBINING TEXT
CONCATENATE FUNCTION
AMPERSAND SIGN ( )
FLASH FILL
CHANGING TEXT CASE
LOWER FUNCTION
UPPER FUNCTION
PROPER FUNCTION
EXTRACTING TEXT
LEFT FUNCTION
RIGHT FUNCTION
MID FUNCTION
FIND FUNCTION
DATE FUNCTIONS CALCULATIONS
NOW FUNCTION
YEARFRAC FUNCTION
LECTURE THREE
NAMED RANGES
CREATING A NAMED RANGES
NAME BOX
DEFINED NAME
CREATE FROM SELECTION
MANAGING NAMED RANGES
NAMED RANGES IN FORMULAS (CALCULATIONS)
APPLYING NAMES
LECTURE FOUR
COUNT FUNCTION
COUNTA FUNCTION
COUNTBLANK FUNCTION
COUNTING WITH CRITERIA
COUNTIFS FUNCTION
SUMIFS FUNCTION: SINGLE CRITERIA
SUMIFS FUNCTION: MULTIPLE CRITERIA
AVERAGEIFS FUNCTION: SINGLE CRITERIA
AVERAGEIFS FUNCTION: MULTIPLE CRITERIA
SPARKLINES
SPARKLINES: CHANGING DATA RANGE
SPARKLINES HIGH POINT
UNGROUP SPARKLINES
CLEAR SPARKLINES
ADVANCED CHARTING
TRENDLINES
ADD TRENDLINE
FORECASTING
LECTURE FIVE
CREATING FORMATTING TABLES
TABLE NAME
TABLE STYLE OPTIONS
TABLES STYLES
WORKING WITH TABLES
TABLE HEADINGS VISIBILITY
SORTING AND FILTERING
TOTAL ROW
TOP FIVE
BELOW AVERAGE
TOP 10
AUTOMATION WITH TABLES
STRUCTURED REFERENCE
CONVERTING DATA TO RANGE AND SUBTOTALLING
CONVERT TABLE TO RANGE
LECTURE SIX
CREATING AND MODIFYING PIVOT TABLES
COLUMNS AREA
MODIFYING PIVOT TABLES: VALUE FIELD SETTINGS
CONVERT TO PERCENTAGE
CURRENCY FORMAT ($)
TOTAL ORDERS BY STATES
SUBTOTALS, GRAND TOTALS LAYOUT REPORT
PIVOT TABLE STYLES
PIVOT TABLE: SORTING AND FILTERING
COLLAPSE AND EXPAND ICONS
SORT
FILTERING
CLEAR FILTER
REPORTING FILTER PAGES
CREATE PIVOT TABLE ACROSS SEPARATE SHEETS
SHOW TOOLS
PIVOT CHARTS
PIVOT CHART: PIE CHART
PIVOT CHART: LINE CHART
PIVOT SLICER
RESIZE AND ALIGN
ALIGN BUTTON
SINGLE SLICER FILTERING
MULTIPLE SLICER FILTERING
CONNECTING SLICERS
PIVOT TIMELINE
CONNECTING PIVOT TIMELINE
EXCEL SHORTCUTS
EXCEL JET ESSENTIALS
LECTURE ONE
INTRODUCTION TO SPREADSHEET
Microsoft Excel is a software program developed and produced by
Microsoft Corporation. It allows users to organize, format and calculate data
with formulas and built-in functions. In addition, it enables using of graphical
tools, creating pivot tables, recording macros, performing accounting
calculations, building data models and dashboards. Microsoft Excel is part
of the Microsoft Office suite. The other software being Microsoft Access
(database), Microsoft Word (word processing), PowerPoint (presentation),
Outlook (emails), Publisher, Note, Skye for Business etc.
STARTING
To start with, type Excel on the computer search and click on Microsoft
Excel. A new workbook opens for usage.
HOME TAB
The Ribbon contains all the tools needed to work in Excel. The Home tab
contains Clipboard, Fonts, Alignment, Numbers, Styles, Cells and Editing.
INSERT TAB
In the Insert tab, there are Tables, Illustrations, Adds-in, Charts, Maps, Spark
lines, Filters, Links, Text and Symbols. In the Layout tab, there are Themes,
Page Set-up, Scale o Fit, Sheet Options and Arrange.
PAGE LAYOUT TAB
The page layout tab contains the tools needed for page setup and scaling of
page layout view before printing. In addition, theme is located in the page
layout tab. It allows users to choose from arrays of styles which
automatically extends to other worksheets that have the same structure
FORMULAS TAB
The Formula tab contains Function Library, Defined Names, Formula
Auditing, Calculations options
DATA TAB
Data tab contains Get & Transform, Connection, Sort & Filter, Data Tools,
Forecast, Outline and Analyse tools. The Get & Transform is used to import
data from different sources into the Power Query Editor for cleaning and
transformation.
REVIEW TAB
Review tab contains Proofing, Comments and Changes.
VIEW TAB
View tab contains Workbook Views, Show, Zooms, Window and Macros.
HOME TAB FONT GROUP

In the Home tab, the Font Group contains all the tools needed for changing
text. At the bottom right hand corner of some of the groups, there are small
dialog launcher that provide additional options.
FILE TAB
File tab displays the backstage view of workbook and it contains all the tools
needed for managing files such as opening, saving, exporting, printing,
sharing and closing files.
COLLAPSE & UNCOLLASE RIBBON
The ribbon provides the option of collapsing it by “double click” on any of
the tab. These enables viewing the worksheet more broadly. To bring back
the ribbon, “double click” on any of the tab. Refer to the caption below for
collapsed ribbon
QUICK ACCESS TOOLBAR

There are set of small toolbars above the ribbon – quick access tool bar. It
contains commands, save, undo and redo. In addition, the little dropdown on
the right contains tools such as spelling, sorting, email, save, open etc. The
Sorting command (ascending or descending) is very useful in sorting data.
FORMULA BAR
Below the ribbon, there is a bar called the Formula Bar. The bar allows
visualisation of a particular data of a selected cell. The bar also allows
editing of data on the worksheet.
WORKBOOK
The workbook refers to the entire Excel File. The file name of each
workbook is located at the top of the file window.
WORKSHEET
A single workbook can contain several worksheets to work with. To add a
new worksheet, click on the plus sign at the bottom left of the workbook. A
right click on the worksheets provides arrays of commands such as Rename,
Delete, Insert, Move, Tab Colour etc.
STATUS BAR
The Status Bar is located below the spreadsheet. It contains several useful
tools. The Zoom tool, access to three different view options, calculations
results upon selected of data in the spreadsheet.
ACTIVE CELL
A cell currently selected is the active cell.
NAME BOX
Name box is located on the left of the bar. Among other things, it displays the
cell referenced in the worksheet.
TOTAL ROWS AND COLUMNS COUNT

In Excel, there are 1048576 rows and 16384 columns. XFD is the last
column in a sheet. Refer to the caption below.
FILL HANDLE
Fill handle is the small black square on the bottom right-hand of the active
cell
SELECTION AND NAVIGATION

SCROLL TOOLBAR
The easiest way to navigate in Excel is to use the scrollbars. Horizontal
scrollbar allows movement from right and left. Vertical scrollbar allows
scroll down and up. Below are horizontal and vertical scroll bars
respectively.
At either end of the scrollbars, there are small arrows that allows smaller
movements across the spreadsheet. In addition, it is quicker to use keyboard
for movement to desired spot. On the keyboard, there are four arrow keys
which will allows easy navigation left, down, right, and up, one cell at a
time. To make a bigger navigation, page up and page down keys will do these
effortlessly.
HOME CELL
To return to the beginning of the spreadsheet – cell A1, press CTRL + Home.
These is useful when working with large spreadsheet because it saves time
from having to use the navigation scrollbars. After pressing CTRL + Home,
below is the partial screenshot that returned to Cell A1
SELECT SINGLE & MULTIPLE CELLS

To select a single cell, simply click on that cell with a single click. The
selected cell then becomes the active cell with solid border around the edge.
To select more than one cell, click on the first cell of the selection, hold
mouse down and drag to the cells intended to select. This makes all the
selected cells highlighted except the first cell. Refer to the caption below.
COLUMN/ROW DATA SINGLES SELECTION

To select an entire column of data, simply click on the appropriate letters.
For example, a single click on the edge of column C will select all the data
on Column C from the top to the bottom. The same applies to row selection.
Below are captions of column A and Row 4 selections respectively
MULTIPLE SELECTION OF COLUMNS/ROWS

DATA
To select multiple columns A to G:
a. Click on the A. Hold down and drag through to Column G. The

same applies to rows.
b. To select the entire spreadsheet, click on the little icon on the left
of column A
To select larger set of data quickly:
a. Click on the first cell in the dataset

b. Hold the SHIFT key down and click on the last cell to select
everything between the two clicks.
c. CTRL + Click. The shortcut – click in between the data to be
selected and press CTRL+A.
NON-CONTIGUOUS DATA SELECTION
To select two columns of data that are not next to each other:
a. Click on the first column to select

b. Hold down the CTRL key and then click on the other column to
select. This is “non-contiguous data” in Excel. Note, rows of data
can be selected “non-contiguously.” Refer to the caption below for
non-contiguous columns selection.
VIEW OPTIONS
ZOOM SLIDER
The zoom slider is located at the bottom of the screen beside the status bar.
This tool allows user to quickly “zoom in” on the spreadsheet data by
clicking on the +, “zoom out” by clicking on the -, or simply drag the zoom
slider to get to exact point desired.
NORMAL VIEW, PAGE LAYOUT VIEW &

PAGE BREAK VIEW
There are three view options located to the left of the zoom slider tool. Every
worksheet operates the “normal view.”
To the right of the normal view is “page layout view”. This presents a good
indication of how the Excel workbook sits on the page. It is useful to print.
Refer to the caption below for page layout view.
To the right of the Page layout view is the page break view . This is
essential for getting an overview of a large work sheet. Refer to the caption
below for page break view. Note, all the view options are available in the
view tab
GRIDLINES
Gridlines are the light grey lines, which separate the cell, rows and columns
on a spreadsheet.
To turn off grid lines:
a. In the “show” group of the view tab, uncheck gridlines. Check the
gridlines box to turn on
SPLIT
Split is a tool that allows splitting of the screen to view different segments
simultaneously.
To Split:
a. Click at the desired part or the middle of the data

b. In the window group of the view tab, click Split . This would split
the data into four sections.
c. To test whether the tool works, scroll to the leftmost and down
most
To remove Split, click back on the split icon. Refer to the caption below.
FREEZE PANES OPTION

FREEZE TOP ROW
Freeze panes enables scrolling down or across with the Headings still
visible.
To Freeze Top Row:
a. In the window group of the view tab, select free top row from the
“Free Panes” dropdown. This would enable viewing the Headers
when scrolling down in a large data set.
Not: The row three (3), which contains the headings is fixed. The next row is
37 after scrolling down. Refer to the caption below
FREEZE PANES
To Freeze Panes (columns A to C):
a. Click in the exact location in the data set to start the freezing,
b. In the Freeze Panes dropdown, select Free Panes.
Note: Columns A to C are fixed. After scrolling to the right, column K is
visible in the caption below.
FREEZE FIRST COLUMN
To Freeze the First Column
a. Click the free panes dropdown.

b. Click “Freeze First Column.”
c. To test, scroll to the right. Note: All the data in column A are
freeze. Refer to the caption below.
LECTURE TWO
TERMINOLOGIES
FORMULA
A formula is an expression which calculates the values of a cell. A formula
always starts with an equal sign (=) and once committed (press Enter), the
result is displayed in that cell. At its most basic, formulas can be simple
mathematical calculations with values similar to a calculator.
An example of a formula is, =A1+B1. This takes whatever value in
cell A1 and add it to the value in cell B1. After typing the formula and
pressing the Enter key, Excel display a standard result.
FUNCTION
A function refers to a 'mini-program' usable to perform calculations that are
more complex. Functions are used inside formulas and therefore, there is
need to start with an equal sign (=). Formulas operate with cell references
and are very powerful. One commonly used function is SUM, which adds up
the values in a defined range. The function: =SUM(A1:A12) sums up all
values in cells A1 through to A12 and return the result after pressing the
ENTER key.
VALUE
Value is a numeric data entered in Excel spreadsheet.
RANGE
A range refers to two or more cells. When these cells are together, it is an
adjacent range. The adjacent range covers all the cells from A1 through
to C2 - or in Excel syntax, written as A1:C2. The colon (:) stands for 'through
to'. A range of cells that are not all in one place is non-adjacent ranges:
This range includes cells A1:A2 and C1:C2. In Excel syntax this is written
as A1:A2,C1:C2.
RELATIVE REFERENCE
A relative cell reference is one that changes relative to the direction when
copied down. Consider the example below:
A2 and B2 are relative cell references. When copying formula from cell
C2 downwards into C3 and C4 with the fill handle, then Excel assumes that
there is an intention to perform the same calculation in rows 3 and 4. In other
words, Excel will perform the calculation A3*B3 in cell
C3 and A4*B4 in cell C4 respectively.
FORMULA IN CONTEXT
CALCULATE PROFIT MARGIN
Exercise 10: In column Q of the “orders” sheet, calculate the profit margin by
subtracting Retail Price from Cost Price.
a. In cell Q4, execute the formula: =P4-O4

b. Click Enter.
c. Double click the fill handle to copy down the rest of the data set.
Refer to the caption below
CALCULATE SUB TOTAL

Exercise 11: In column S, calculate the Sub Total by multiplying the Retail
Price by Order Quantity.
a. In cell S4, execute the formula: =P4*R4.

b. Click Enter
c. Double-click the fill handle to copy down. Refer to the caption
below.
CALCULATE DISCOUNT
Exercise 12: In column U, calculate the Discount by multiplying Sub Total
with Discount Rate.
a. In cell U4, execute the formula: =S4*T4

b. Click Enter.
c. Double-click fill handle to copy down the rest of the data. Refer to
the caption below.
CALCULATE TOTAL
Exercise 13: In column W, calculate the Total by subtracting Discount from
Sub Total and then add Shipping Cost.
a. In cell W4, execute the formula: =S4-U4+V4

b. Click Enter.
c. Double-click the fill handle to copy down. Refer to the caption
below
FUNCTIONS 1: SUM AND AUTOSUM

Excel SUM function returns the sum of values supplied as multiple
arguments. SUM can handle up to 255 arguments, which can include
numbers, cell references, ranges, arrays and constants.
Syntax =SUM(numbers1,[ numbers2],[ numbers3],…)
Arguments: Numbers1 – The first numeric value to sum
Numbers2 – [optional] the second numeric value to sum
Numbers3 – [optional] the third item to sum
Exercise 1: Calculate the “total” sales of the last four quarters for each of
managers.
a. In cell F4, execute the formula: =SUM(B4:E4). Where: =SUM is

the function; B4:E4 is the range of the first item to sum.
b. Click Enter. Cell F4 returned $42,424.86, which is the Total Sales
for Abiola David all through the 4 quarters.
c. Use the “Fill Handle” to copy down for other account managers.
FUNCTIONS II: AVERAGE, MAX & MIN
AVERAGE
Excel AVERAGE function returns the average of numeric values supplied as
multiple arguments. AVERAGE function can handle up to 255 individual
arguments, which can include numbers, ranges, arrays, and constants
Syntax: =AVERAGE(number1, [number2],..)
Arguments: Number1 – A number or cell reference that refers to numeric
values only.
Number2 – [optional] a number or cell reference that refers to
numeric values only.
Exercise 2: Calculate the “average total” sales of the last four quarters for
each of managers.
a. In cell G4, execute the formula: =AVERAGE(B4:E4)

b. Click Enter. Cell G4 returned $10,606.22, which is the average
for Account Manager, Abiola David.
MAX FUNCTION
The MAX function returns the largest values in a given data set.
Syntax: =MAX(number1, [number2],..)
values only.
Exercise 3: Identify the best sales of the last four quarters for each of the
account managers.
a. In cell H4, execute the formula: =MAX(B4:E4)

b. Click Enter. The best sales across the 4 quarters for Abiola David
in H4 is $28,867.26. This sale occurred in Qtr3.
MIN FUNCTION
The MIN function returns the smallest values in a given data set.
Syntax =MIN(number1, [number2],..)
values only.
Exercise 4: Identify the “worst” sales of the last four quarters for each of
managers.
a. In cell I4, execute the formula: =MIN(B4:E4)

b. Click Enter. The worst sales across the 4 quarters for Abiola
David in I4 is $742.53. The sales occurred in Qtr4.
Note: The Insert Function icon on the left of the formula bar is useful to apply
the appropriate functions for calculations.
Exercise 5: Using the “insert formula,” find the “average” of the sale for each
account managers using the insert formula
a. Click in cell G4
b. Click on the Insert Function
c. In the pop-up dialogue box, type Average in the Search for a
Function box
d. Select the average function
e. Click on Go
f. In the next dialogue box, select B4:E4
g. Click OK.
ABSOLUTE CELL REFERENCE
An absolute cell reference is a cell address that contains a dollar sign ($) in
the row and column coordinates respectively. When entering a numeric value
as cell reference in a formula, Excel assumes it is a relative reference except
the formula specified as absolute reference.
Exercise 6: Calculate commission for each account managers by multiplying
the Total sales by the Commission rate. Note, the commission rate is 7%
(cell J1)
a. In cell J4, execute the formula =F4*J1.

b. Click Enter and copy down for other account manager.
Notice, standard result returned in cell J4 alone. All other cells returned
$0.00 and #VALUE. The reason is that Excel treated this calculation as
“Relative Cell Reference.” Refer to the caption below.
APPLY ABSOLUTE REFERENCE

To fix the above problem, cell J1 (7%) be fixed (unmovable). To do this,
apply the Absolute Cell Reference. Two-dollar signs be applied to J1 as
follows $J$1.
a. Double click or press F2 to open up the calculated value in cell

J1.
b. Click anywhere close to J1 and press F4 key on the keyboard
once! =F4*$J$1.
c. Click Enter and copy down for other account managers.
Notice, all the cells returned standard and error-free results. Refer to the
caption below.
ACROSS SHEETS CALCULATIONS

Excel allows across worksheets calculations. In the worksheet caption
below, it is noticeable that there are five worksheets.
Exercise 7: Populate cells B4:B17 and C4:C17 by referencing the “Total”
(cells F4), in the “Sales 2015 and Sales 2016” worksheets respectively.
a. In cell B4, type =

b. Click on cell F4 of the Sales 2015 sheet
c. Click Enter.
d. Repeat the same for Sales 2016. This would pull through the data
on Sales 2015 and Sales 2016 sheets to cells B4 and C4 in Sales
15&16.
e. Select cells B4 and C4, and use fill handle to drag down for other
account managers.
Note, if the value in Sales 2015 and/or Sales 2016 changes, Excel
automatically recalculates in “Sales 15&16” sheet. Refer to the caption
below
CALCULATE SALES 15&16 SHEETS TOTAL
SALES
Exercise 8: In column D, calculate the Total Sales for 2015 and 2016 in
column D
a. In cell D4, execute the formula: =SUM(B4:C4)

b. Click Enter.
c. Use the fill handle to copy down for the rest of the data. Refer to
the caption below
CALCULATE COMMISSIONS ACROSS
SHEETS
Exercise 9: In column E, calculate Commission for Sales 2015 and Sales
2016.
a. In cell E4, type =

b. In Sales 2015 sheet, Click on cell J4 in the Sales 2015 sheet
c. Add plus (+) sign
d. Click on cell J4 in the Sales 2016 sheet
e. Click Enter.
f. Use fill handle to copy down for other Account Managers. Refer
to the caption below
LECTURE THREE
FORMATTING
WIDENING COLUMNS
Option 1: Double click on the black line between column and the next. The
column automatically widens to display number or text not visible.
Option 2: Hover the mouse cursor over the little black line between columns
and drag it to the desired width.
Option 3: Right-click on the column and select 'Column Width' from the
context menu, then enter a width as desired.
FONT FORMATTING
FONT
Using Font in Excel enables data presentation to look professional.
Therefore, some of the tools to achieve these is located in the Font group -
left side of Home tab. The Font group contains Font, which allows users to
change font. In Excel, the default Font is “Calibri.” However, to change the
font to desired font, click the little drop down on the right to select.
Exercise 14: Change Font from Calibri to Arial Black
a. Click on the cell to format

b. In the Font, either type Arial Black directly or select from the
dropdown. Refer to the captions below.
FONT SIZE
To magnify Sales Summary 2016 :
a. Click on the Font Size left of the Font.

b. To increase font size, press CTRL+SHIFT+>.
c. To decrease font size, press CTRL+SHIFT+<.
Note, the default Font Size is 11. Refer to the captions below.
BOLD, ITALIC & UNDERLINE

To apply bold to the column headings in Row 3: Select the row and click on
B.
To turn off the Bold, click back on B . The same applies to italic and
underline. Refer to the caption below for bold formatting
To apply double underline:
a. Select the data

b. Click the dropdown right of underline and select double underline.
Refer to the caption below for double underline formatting of the
headings.
FILL & FONT COLORS

To change the background colour of cell or range of cells:
a. Select the cell or range of cells

b. Click on the fill colour dropdown to select desired colour. Refer
to the caption below for range of cells with light green fill colour.
To change the text colour of cell or range of cells:
a. Select the cell or range of cells

b. Click on the font colour dropdown to select desired text colour.
Refer to the caption below for range of cells with red font colour
BORDER
ALL BORDERS
Applying border to data set make it more readable. Border is located on the
Font Group with an icon that looks like a small window. In addition, border
has a little drop-down to select desired.
Exercise 15: Apply all borders formatting from A3:J17
a. Select A3:J17
b. In the border dropdown, select “All Border.” Refer to the caption
below
TOP AND DOUBLE BOTTOM BORDER

Exercise 16: Apply top and double bottom border to row 18
a. Select row 18
b. In the border drop-down, select “Top and Double Bottom
Border.” Refer to the caption below.
THICK OUTSIDE BORDERS

To apply “Thick outside borders:”
a. Select A20:B1.
b. In the border dropdown, select “Thick outside borders” Refer to
the caption below.
To separate the Sales Summary 2016 from the rest of the data:
a. Select A1:J1
b. In the drop-down list of the border icon, click on “More Borders”
c. In the “Styles” panel of the dialogue box, select the tick border
d. Click the “colour” dropdown and select desired colour. For this
exercise, select Blue
e. In the Border, select bottom
f. Click OK.
NO BORDERS
To remove borders:
a. Click on the cell or cells

b. In the border drop-down list, click “No Borders.”
ALIGNMENT TOOLS
Alignment implies changing the position of data on spreadsheet. The
Alignment tools is located on the right of Font group in the Home tab.
Note: By default, numeric values in cells are Right Aligned while text in
cells are Left Aligned . In addition, by default, text is Bottom Aligned .
User can align their data using the Middle Alignment or Top Alignment
depending on the cell width and height. There is Centre Alignment to
position data at the center of a cell or cells.
In the first caption below, the Account Managers names in column A is

Center Aligned while Quarter 1 that contains numeric value except the
header, is Right Aligned. The second caption below shows Account
Managers Left Aligned while the Quarter1 is Center Aligned .
WRAP TEXT
In a situation whereby, data do not properly fit into a cell, there are options
to solve these by making the column to be wider.
To wrap text inside a cell:
a. Select the cells.

b. In the alignment group, click on “Wrap Text.”
c. Click on “Middle Align” and “Center.” There are wrapped text in
cells G3:I3 of the caption below
MERGE AND CENTER

Merge and center combines and center the content of the selected cells in a
new larger cell that cut-across multiple columns. Refer to the caption below
for un-merged title heading cell.
CENTER ACROSS SELECTION

Inasmuch as excel allows users to merge cells, it is noteworthy that merging
cells may cause columns and rows problem in a dataset. Therefore, it is
recommended that user avoid merging cells at all cost. If there is need to
merge values in cell together, excel provides users with the technique –
“Center across selection.” Center across selection ensures that each
individual cell in a range of selection maintains their rows
Apply center across selection to the Sales Summary 2016 in cells A1:J1
a. Click in cell A1 – where to begin the selection

b. Select cells A1 to J1
c. Execute CTRL + 1 to display “format cells” dialogue box
d. In the “horizontal” dropdown of the Alignment tab, select “center
across selection”
e. Click OK. Note: Cell H1 is visible as an independent cell despite

the center across selection. See below
ORIENTATION
Orientation rotate text diagonally or vertically. The tool is located on the left
of Wrap Text denoted with diagonal ab.
To apply orientation:
a. Click on the cell or range of cells

b. In the drop-down list beside the orientation icon, select “Angle
Counterclockwise.” Refer to the caption below for “Angle
Counterclockwise” orientation.
FORMAT PAINTER
Format Painter allows a quick copying of format from one cell to another. It
is located in the Clipboard group on the Home tab.
Exercise 17: Apply bold and italic to Account Manager “Abiola David.” In
addition, apply “Light Blue” fill colour. Finally, use the “format painter” to
copy from cell A4 and paint the format to cells A5:A17
a. Click on cell A4,”Abiola David”

b. Apply bold, italic and light blue fill colour
c. Click on Format Painter.

d. Use the little icon to select A5:A17 and drop the painter.
Format painter guarantee consistency in a spreadsheet. Refer to the caption
below
Copying multiple format simultaneously is possible using the Format Painter.

Exercise 18: Remove borders from B4:J18. Apply banded rows to row 5
excluding the Account Managers names. Use the format painter to copy and
paint the rest of the data
a. In the border dropdown, click on “No Borders”

b. Select row 5 (from cell B5)
c. Apply “Pale grey” fill colour
d. Select the two rows 4 and 5
e. Click on Format Painter
f. Drag and paint the rest of the data (from B6:J18). Refer to the
caption below
NUMBER FORMATTING
Number formats enables users to present numbers slightly differently in a
spreadsheet.
Typing a number directly into a cell is “General” number format. These

implies that there is no number format applied to the value in the cell.
CURRENCY FORMAT
Exercise 19: Assume there is no currency applied to the “Sales Summary
2016.” Apply currency format to data.
a. Select all the cells that contain the values

b. In the Home tab, in the Number group of the Home tab, click the
dropdown list
c. Select Currency.
Excel automatically applied the currency specified in user’s regional
settings. For Nigeria, the default specified currency is £. However, user can
change the default regional currency. In addition, by default, there is two
decimal places. Refer to the caption below.
CHANGING DEFAULT CURRENCY FROM
REGIONAL SETTINGS
To change the default currency (£) to ($):
a. Type control panel on the computers start-up bar

b. In the clock, language and region of the control panel dialogue
box, click on change date, time or formats
c. In the Region dialogue box, at the bottom right, click additional

settings
d. Click on currency tab in the customise format dialogue box
e. Finally, in the currency symbol dropdown, select $ or any other
currency of choice.
Note: User can change the numbers, currency, time and data formats
depending on preferences. Refer to the caption below.
INSERT AND APPLY ₦ AS DEFAULT

CURRENCY
Microsoft Excel currency format is built with the following currencies, $ and
£. However, since dollar and euro are not specific currency in Nigeria, it
becomes a problem to format currency in ₦
Fortunately, Microsoft allows users to specify preferred currency of their
countries. In Nigeria, the currency is denoted with “NGN” – Nigerian Naira.
In addition, the currency symbol is ₦. Therefore, to display numeric values
in ₦, there is need to insert ₦ in Microsoft Excel and change the currency
format in the control panel regional settings. Note, ₦ is not available by
default.
To insert currency symbol for Nigeria Naira (₦):
a. In the Insert tab, click on Symbol located far right.

b. In the Font dropdown of the Symbols tab, select Arial
c. Select Currency symbols in the subset dropdown.
d. Select Unicode (hex) in the “from” dropdown.
e. Click on ₦ symbol
f. Click on Insert and close respectively.
Note: The inserted currency symbol is available in the formula bar and in
the currently selected cell. Refer to the caption below
To change the currency format from $ or £ to ₦:
a. CTRL + C the inserted currency symbol from either the formula

bar or the cell located.
b. Type control panel on the computers start-up bar
c. In the clock, language and region of the control panel dialogue
box, click on change date, time or formats
d. In the Region dialogue box, at the bottom right, click additional
settings
e. Click on currency tab in the customise format dialogue box
f. In the currency symbol box, directly CTRL + V the copied
symbol. Refer the caption below
g. Click OK twice on the two dialogue boxes. Close the control
panel
Note: To finally ensure the currency changes, again, repeat steps A to G
from above . Finally close the control panel
From the caption below, all numeric values in the excel workbook opened
are formatted with the ₦ currency format specified in the control panel.
Users from other countries can specify their currency.
PERCENTAGE FORMAT
Percentage is another format that is very useful in Excel. The commission
rate contains 0.05. To change this: In the number group dropdown, select
Percentage. Refer to the captions below.
DATE FORMAT
Excel recognise the following as date’s formats: 12/12/2017 and 12-12-
2017. Excel do not recognise 12.12.2017 as a date format. However, Excel
enables users to alter their date format from the regional setting of the control
panel to recognize 12.12.2017 as a valid date format.
LONG DATE FORMAT

Long date returns the date month in text i.e “December” in lieu of “12.” To
apply the long date:
a. Click on the cell that contains date.

b. Click the number format dropdown and select Long Date.
STYLES AND THEMES

To guarantee consistency across worksheets and workbooks, Excel provides
built in styles located on the Home tab.
Exercise 20: Apply “good style” to the Account Managers name in column A.
a. Select all the Account Managers

b. In the “cell styles” dropdown, select “Good.” Note, the default
style (white background) is “normal”. Refer to the caption below
APPLYING TITLE STYLES
To apply Title to Sales Summary 2015 in Row 1.
a. Select the Row

b. In the Cell Styles dropdown, select “Title” to apply. Refer to the
caption below
APPLYING HEADINGS STYLES

To apply “Accent1” to the row 3 headings:
a. Select the headings

b. In the “theme cell styles of the “cell styles” dropdown, click on
“Accent1.”
THEMES
Excel themes allows user to change the colours of Styles applied and still
guaranteed consistency across other worksheets that has the same structure.
Themes group is located on the far left of Page Layout of the tab.
Exercise 21: Apply “wisp” theme to “Orders” sheet row headings and check
others sheet to confirm consistency.
a. In the “Orders” sheet, select the block of the row headings

b. In the “themes” group of the “page layout” tab, click the themes
dropdown.
c. Apply “wisp” theme.
d. To check the consistency across the other sheets, click into any of
the other sheets. Refer to the caption below for Orders sheet
theme.
Refer to the caption below for Sales 2015 sheet theme. Note, data in other
worksheets must have the same structure, position and format to guarantee the
consistency of the theme applied
CHANGING THEME COLOUR

Exercise 22: Change the Theme colour to “Red Violet.” To do this:
a. In the Theme group, click Colours

b. Select Red Violet. Refer to the caption below
CHANGING THEME FONTS
Exercise 23: Change the “Theme Fonts” to “Franklin Gothic.” To do this:
a. In the Theme group, click Fonts dropdown.

b. Select Franklin Gothic. Refer to the caption below
LECTURE FOUR
MANAGING ROWS AND COLUMNS
DELETE ROW/ROWS
Exercise 24: Delete the first five (5) rows (rows 4 to row 8).
a. Select the five rows

b. Right click any of the selected rows and click on delete.
Excel automatically shift the entire spreadsheet upwards by whatever number

of rows deleted. In addition, the upwardly shifted rows highlighted with a
light green fill colour in the rows number. Refer to the caption above.
DELETE COLUMN/COLUMNS
Conversely, Excel allows users to delete column and columns.
Exercise 25: Delete column D
a. Right click column D at the top

b. Click on delete. In this case, Excel shifted the spreadsheet from
the right to the left. In addition, the leftward shifted column
highlighted with a light green fill colour in the new column D.
Refer to the caption below.
Exercise 26: Delete columns F, I, K (non-continuous)
a. Select column F
b. Hold down the CTRL key and select columns I and K
c. Right-click on any of the selected columns and click on delete.
The spreadsheet shifts to the left based on the selected columns.
INSERT COLUMNS AND ROWS

Excel also allows users to insert column or columns.
Exercise 27: Insert a new column before “City – column D” and name it
“Contact Number.”
a. Right click on the City column D

b. Select insert. Note that Excel insert always adds a column to the
left.
To add multiple columns contiguously or non-contiguously, select the
columns, right-click and select insert. The same applies to insert multiple
rows. Refer to the caption below for single column inserted.
HIDE & UNHIDE COLUMN/COLUMNS &
ROW/ROWS
Excel is equipped with tool to Hide and Unhide part of the data in
spreadsheet. To hide a column or columns:
a. Select the column or columns.

b. Right-click on the column or any other columns
c. Click on Hide. The shortcut to hide (CTRL+0)
The vertical line indicates some columns hidden. Refer to the caption below
To un-hide column or columns:
a. Select both columns right and left of the vertical line

b. Right-click and click on un-hide. Shortcut to un-hide (CTRL+-)
To hide row or rows:
a. Select the row of rows to hide.

b. Right-click on the row or any of the rows
c. Click on hide. Shortcut to hide row (CTRL+9)
The horizontal line indicates some rows hidden. Refer to the caption below
To un-hide row or rows:
a. Select both rows above and below of the horizontal line

b. Right-click and click on un-hide. Shortcut to un-hide (CTRL+-)
CLEAR CONTENT
Exercise 28: Clear the content in column J
a. Right click on the edge of the column

b. Click the “Clear” dropdown in the editing group of the home tab.
c. Click on “clear content.” Refer to the caption below.
FIND AND SELECT: FIND

Excel provides a tool called Find. The tool finds specific data in the
spreadsheet. The Find and Select tool is located in the Editing group of the
Home Tab. The shortcut is CTRL+F
Exercise 29: Find all the records for the customer, “Aaron Bergman.”
a. Click on the “Find & Select,” or CTRL+F

b. In the find tab, either directly type “Aaron Bergman” into the
dialogue box or copy and paste from cell directly into “find what”
box. The latter is faster.
c. To find all the instances of Aaron Bergman, click on “find all.”
There are three instances of Aaron Bergman in the Orders sheet.
d. To find Aaron Bergman at each interval, click on “find next” until

desired record is located. Note, excel moves from one cell to
another cell in the spreadsheet as user click on “find next” in the
dialogue box
REPLACE
Excel also provides another tool usable to replace text or numeric values in
the spreadsheet. Exercise 30: Replace all the instances of “ABV” in column
F with “Abuja.”
a. Execute the shortcut key, CTRL+F

b. Click on Replace tab
c. In the “find what” of the replace dialogue box, either directly type
in ABV or copy and paste from the spreadsheet, any cell with
ABV
d. In the “replace with” box, type in Abuja
e. To replace all the instance of ABV at a go, click on “Replace
All.” Refer to the caption below. Note, a window displaced the
total number of replacements.
f. To accept the replacement, click OK
Note, to replace the value in a specified cell; click on “replace.” Refer to the
caption below for replacement of ABV with Abuja
FILTERING
Filters allows user to narrow down data to specifics. User can filter data in
five ways:
a. In the sort & filter group of the data tab

b. Shortcut CTRL + SHIFT + L
c. Right-click on the data to filter
d. In the editing group of the home tab
e. ALT + AT (to apply filter button)
Exercise 31: Using the sort & filter group of the data tab, filter the Account
Manager, Nicholas Dean
a. Click anywhere in the spreadsheet

b. Click on the big filter funnel button in the “sort & filter” group of
the data tab
c. Click on the filter dropdown in cell H3.
d. Unselect all the Account Manager’s name and select Nicholas
Dean
e. Click OK. Data filtered using the given criteria. Refer to the
caption below
To clear filter:
a. Click clear from the sort & filter group on the data tab. Or;
b. Click the filter dropdown in the heading column to clear
c. Click on “clear filter from…”
Note, user can filter more than one column of data. In addition, user can filter
by colours, icon, text/date filters.
MULTIPLE FILTERS
Exercise 32: Display all the orders received from customer from the State of
ABV with Total “equal to or greater than” $1,000.
a. Having clicked anywhere in the data, click on the big filter icon in
the sort & filter group of data tab
b. Click the filter dropdown in column F (State) and uncheck LOS
c. Click on the filter dropdown in column W (Total) and click on
“number filters”
d. In the pop-up dialogue box, click on “greater than or equal to”
e. In the next dialogue box, type in 1000 and click OK. Refer to the
caption below.
To clear multiple filters at once, click on the clear filter from the sort and
filter group
NUMBER OF COLUMNS AND ROWS
Microsoft Excel has 1,048,576 Rows and 16,384 Columns. The last alphabet
column is XFD
SORTING – SINGLE COLUMN

Sort enables users to arrange data set from A to Z (lowest to highest) or Z to
A (highest to lowest). Sort tool is located in Sort & Filter group of the Data
tab. User can sort data in four ways:
a. In the sort & filter group of the data tab

b. Right-click on the data to filter
c. In the editing group of the home tab
d. ALT + ASS (to display sort dialogue box)
Exercise 33: Sort the “Customer Type” (column G), from Z to A.
a. Click anywhere in the data to sort
b. In the sort & filter group of the data tab, click on the ZA icon
(quick sort). Or
c. Click on the sort big icon
d. In the dropdown list of the “sort by” scroll down and click on
Customer Type.
e. In the dropdown list of the “order”, click on Z to A. Refer to the
caption below
f. Click OK. Data sorted by the given criteria. Refer to the caption
below
To undo sorted data, press CTRL + Z

SORTING – MULTIPLE COLUMNS
Exercise 34: Sort the data by “Customer Name” (Z to A) column C and
“Product Container” (A to Z) column L
a. Click on the big sort button in the data tab

b. In the dialogue box, on the right, click “Add Level”
c. In the dropdown of the “sort by,” locate and click on Customer
Name and select “Z to A” order
d. In the dropdown of the “them by,” locate and click on Product
Container and select “A to Z” order. Refer to the caption below.
Click OK. Data sorted based on the given multiple criteria. Note, user can
sort data by values (default), font colours, cell colours, and cell icons. Refer
CONDITIONAL FORMATTING
Conditional Formatting enables spotting of trends and patterns in the
spreadsheet using colours, icons and bars to visualize important values.
Conditional formatting tool is located in the “styles” group of the Home tab.
CF: HIGHLIGHT CELLS RULES
Exercise 35: In column W, highlight Total sales value “greater than” $500. In
addition, select “green fill with dark green text”
a. Select column W
b. In the Home tab, click on Conditional Formatting
c. Select “Highlight Cells Rules” and click on “Greater than”
d. In the “Greater than” box, type 500 in the box (with or without the
Euro sign)
e. In the dropdown on the right, select “green fill with dark green
text.” Refer to the caption below
f. Click OK. The data conditionally formatted with the given

criteria. Refer to the caption below
REMOVE CONDITIONAL FORMATTING

To remove Conditional Formatting:
a. Click on column W to select

b. In the conditional formatting, click on “Clear rules from selected
cells.”
In a situation where by CF is applied to the entire sheet. To clear, repeat the
steps above and select “Clear rules from entire sheet.” Note, users can
choose from other CF "Highlight cell rules” options such as “Less than” a
certain number; “In between” a certain range; “Equal to” an exact number;
“Text that contains”; “Date occurring” and “Duplicate Values.”
CF: TEXT THAT CONTAINS
Exercise 36: In column G, conditionally format text that contains “Corporate”
using Yellow Fill with Dark Yellow Text colour
a. Select column G
b. In the in the highlight cells rules of the CF, select “text that
contains”
c. In the dialogue box, type in corporate
d. Select yellow fill with dark yellow text colour from the dropdown
to the right.
e. Click OK. Data formatted. Refer to the caption below
CF: TOP/BOTTOM RULES

The Top Bottom Rules has the following: top 10 items, top 10 percent,
bottom 10 items, bottom 10 percent, above average, below average. The top
bottom rules only work on numeric data.
Exercise 37: In column W, identify the “Top 5” Total Sales values and sort
from largest to smallest.
a. Select column W (Total)

b. In the “Top/Bottom Rules” of the CF, select Top 10 items
c. In the Top 10 items dialogue box, click to reduce button to 5 or
clear the 10 and type 5 in the box
d. Click OK.
e. Right-click any cell in column W and click on sort and choose
“largest to smallest” order
“Top 5” formatted and sorted from largest to smallest. Refer to the caption
below.
CF: DATA BARS

Exercise 38: Apply “Purple Data Bar” to the “Order Total” (column U) to
display the highest values. In addition, sort the data from largest to smallest
a. Select “Order Total” column U

b. In the data bars of the conditional formatting, under Gradient Fill,
click on Purple Data Bar.
c. To sort, right click in any cell of column U
d. Click on sort and choose “largest to smallest” order
Data conditionally formatted & sorted based on the given criteria. Refer to
the caption below.
CF: COLOUR SCALES
Exercise 39: Apply “green, yellow, red colour scales” to columns T:W
a. Select all the columns

b. In the colour sales of the CF, click on green, yellow red colour
scales. Note, excel applied its default rule to conditionally
formatted the columns. Refer to the caption below.
CF: ICON SETS

Exercise 40: Apply “3 Arrows (coloured)” icon sets to column R (Sub
Total). In addition, sort from largest to smallest
a. Select column R
b. In the icon sets of the CF, click on “3 arrows (coloured). Data
conditionally formatted based in excel default setting. Data also
sorted. Refer to the caption below.
LECTURE FIVE
TERMINOLOGIES
PRINT AREA
The Print area of a spreadsheet is set up in the Print Titles dialogue box. This
is a great tool to use when working with large sets of data and there is need
to print one particular section.
PAGE BREAKS
Page breaks in Excel divide a worksheet into separate pages for printing.
There are two types of page breaks: automatic (dotted blue line) and manual
breaks (solid line). Automatic page breaks will adjust to other page layout
settings such as orientation, margins, and scale. Access the Page Break tool
via the PAGE LAYOUT tab. The page break view is accessible through the
VIEW tab or the Status bar.
PRINT PREVIEW
Exercise 41: Print some segment of the Sales 2015 from A1:D18; 5 copies.
a. Select A1:D18
b. Press the print short-cut key CTRL+P
c. Select the connected printer.
d. In the settings dropdown of the Print Preview section, click on
“Print Selection”
e. In the “Copies” above, type 5Click Print. Refer to the caption
below
Note, it is important to select “print selection” if printing a selected portion
of data. This ensures that there is no wastage of paper and ink. The number of
pages to print is located in the bottom, left of the print preview. In the caption
above, it displayed 1 of 1. By default, Print Settings is “Print Active Sheets”
which means all the data on the spreadsheet will be printed.
In addition, user can change the page orientation from “Portrait” to
“Landscape.” The same applies to changing “Paper size” from A4 to desired
size. However, there is need to ensure that selected paper size matches what
is in the printer.
ORIENTATION, MARGINS AND SCALE
Exercise 42: Using orientation, margins and scale, adjust the Sales 2016
sheet, before proceeding to print preview.
a. In the Status Bar below the screen, click on Page Layout view
b. In the Page Layout tab, under Orientation, Choose Landscape. The
default orientation is Portrait
c. Still on the Page Layout tab, under Margins, choose Narrow. Note,
Normal is the default margin. Notice, data fitted to one page
d. [Optional] to make the data to be properly fitted on the page, go to
Margins, click Custom Margins,
e. In the dialogue box, under Centre on Page, check horizontally.
f. Click OK. Refer to the caption below
g. Click back on Normal view and press CTRL + P to print. Refer to

the caption below
Exercise 43: Using orientation, margins and scale, narrow down the
“Orders” sheet from 84 pages to sizeable number of pages, before
proceeding to print preview.
a. In the Status Bar below the screen, click on Page Layout view.
b. In the Page Layout tab, under Orientation, choose Landscape
c. Still in the Page Layout tab, under Margins, choose Narrow
d. Still on the Page Layout tab, under the Scale to fit group, set the
Width to 1 page. Pages reduced from 84 to 54 when the Scale
reduced to 85%. The core essence of these is to save papers when
printing. Refer to the caption below.
PAGE BREAKS
Exercise 44: Print a report where the ABV and LOS data will appear on
separate pages.
a. Sort the data by State: right-click in the State column, and sort
from A to Z
b. Click on the Page layout around the status bar.
c. To “quickly” locate where ABV data starts from after sorting, use
the Find tool using the short cut CTRL + F.
d. Then, type in ABV
e. Click “Option” and check “match case”
f. Click “find all”. Then, use the mouse to scroll down to the last
ABV under “value”
g. Click on the last ABV to reflect in the data set. The last data for
ABV is row 753. See caption below
Therefore, to break the page (separate ABV from LOS):
a. Click on cell A754

b. In the Page Layout tab under Breaks, click on Insert Page Breaks.
Notice, all ABV and LOS records separated. Refer to the captions below for
ABV & LOS broken pages respectively. Row 754 serves as the broken line.
REMOVE PAGE BREAK
a. Click anywhere in the data
b. Proceed to Layout tab and click on the “Breaks” dropdown
c. Select “Reset all page breaks.” Refer to the caption below.
Exercise 45: Apply “3 coloured” icon sets to column W. Sort the column
from largest to smallest. In the “page break preview,” separate the icon sets
data to be on independent pages.
To apply the “3 coloured” icon sets conditional formatting:
a. Select column U
b. In the icon sets of the conditional formatting, click on 3 coloured
arrows
c. Right-click in column U and select sort (largest to smallest)
d. Click on the “page break preview” and grab the dotted line to the
last of the green and yellow arrows to separate. Refer to the
caption below.
e. Click back on “page layout” view. All the data with upward green
icon set on separate page. Same with yellow right-pointed arrows.
Refer to the captions below
HEADERS AND FOOTERS

The headers are a section of the document that appears in the top margin
while the footer is a section of the document that appears in the bottom
margin. Headers and footers generally contain information such as page
number, date and document name. The headers and footers are located in the
text group of the insert tab as well as in page layout view
Exercise 46: Add a page number on the left section of the Header to reflect
on all the pages in the data set.
a. Click on the left section

b. In the design tab of the “Header and Footer” tab, click on Page
Number. Notice this weird command “&[Page]”.
c. Then, click away from the section. The “&[Page]” returned 1 as
the first page number. This applied to other pages. Refer to
caption below for page 1.
Exercise 47: Display the Current Date and Current Time in the left section of
the header.
a. In the design tab of the header and footer tab, click on “Current
Date” – (&[Date]) and type a comma.
b. Click on “Current Time” – (&[Time])
c. Then click away from the section. Refer to the caption below
Exercise 48: In the left section of the header, display Page Number and
Numbers of Pages. For example, 1 of 56 and so on
a. In the header & footer tab, click on “page number.” Type of with
space
b. Click on “number of pages” (&[Page] of &[Pages]).
c. Then click away. Refer to the caption blow
Exercise 49: Add, “File name” in the footer center section of the data set.
a. Click any of the header section

b. In the Design, click on “Go to footer.”
c. In the header & footer elements group, click on “file name”
d. Click away. Refer to the caption below
LECTURE SIX
BASIC CHART TYPES
Charts gives a simple and compelling way of visualizing statistical data
PIE CHART BY ROW DATA
Pie chart display the proportion of a data. Pie chart is located in the Charts
group of the “insert” tab.
Exercise 50: Create Pie Chart to see how account manager “Abiola David”
performed in all the quarters
a. Select rows A3:E4

b. In the charts group of the insert tab, click on the pie chart
dropdown and click 2D pie.
PIE CHART BY COLUMN DATA

Exercise 51: Create a pie chart to see how different account managers
performed relatively in Quarter 1.
a. Select the range, A3:B17

b. In the charts group of the insert tab, click on the pie chart
dropdown and click 2D pie.
Note, pie chart can only include a single series of data. For example, it is not
possible to add Qtr2 to the Qtr1 Pie Chart. These, limits the usefulness of pie
chart to compare more than one series. To compare different series as well
as see the absolute numbers and not the relative size of these numbers, a
“column chart” is a great way to summarize the data for users.
COLUMN CHART
Exercise 52: Create a “column chart” to display the first and second
quarter’s performance for all the “Account Managers.”
a. Select the range, A3:C17

b. In the charts group of the insert tab, click on the column chart
dropdown and select 2D column chart. Refer to the caption below.
Note, the column chart bars for each Account Managers has Blue and Orange
colours representing Qtr1 and Qtr2 respectively. The Y-axis (vertical),
displayed the possible minimum and maximum sales figures for each quarter
while the X-axis (horizontal), displayed the Account Managers Manager.
ADD NEW SERIES

Exercise 53: Include all the quarters into the column chart. Note, there is no
need to create the chart all over again.
a. Click on the chart area. Notice, the chart and the input data
highlighted.
b. Drag the fill handle at the bottom of the data to include Quarter 3
and 4. Refer to the caption below.
A Column Chart is a great way to compare different series data.
LINE CHART
Line chart shows trend of data over time. The trend could be by days,
months, quarters or years. In addition, line chart shows categories of data.
Exercise 54: Display the sales trend for Account Managers “Abiola David”
to show his performance across the different quarters (A3:E4).
a. Select the range, A3:E4

b. In the charts group of the insert tab, click on the line chart
dropdown and select 2D Line.
The chart above shows Abiola David’s performance as a trend over time.
The horizontal axis (X-axis), represents the four quarters. The vertical axis
(Y-axis) represents the sales. Notice, the sales picked up from Quarter 2 and
extended to Quarter 3. However, there was a decrease in sales in Quarter 4.
MOVE, COPY AND RESIZE CHARTS
Excel allows users to move chart to a desired location within the same sheet
or even across other sheets.
To move the line chart to any part of the sheet:
a. Click on the chart to move. Note, there is a small circle around the
edges of the chart, as well as the data that generated the chart.
b. Hover the mouse on the small circle and dragged to desired
location within the same sheet.
To copy a chart and paste in another sheet:
a. Right-click on the chart area and click on copy

b. Click into another sheet and paste. Note, when user copy and paste
chart to another sheet, the original chart remains in the sheet. In
addition, the chart copied to another sheet will not change if the
chart in the original sheet changes.
To move chart to a new sheet:
a. Click on the chart area

b. In the design tab of the “chart tools,” click on “move chart”
located on the far right.
c. In the dialogue box, check the “new sheet” and type in the desired
sheet name
d. Click OK. Refer to the caption below
To move that chart back to Sales 2016 sheet:
a. Click on the chart

b. Click on move chart in the design tab
c. Select “sales 2016” from the “object in” dropdown and click OK.
Note, the chart is not only moved, the sheet automatically gets deleted.
RESIZE CHART
To resize a chart (option A)

b. Drag the chart handles to increase or decrease the size of chart
based on preferences.
To resize chart (option B)

b. In the size group of the format tab of the chart tools, use the shape
height and width to resize charts. Refer to the caption below
CHANGE CHART TYPES

Exercise 55: Display the Sales figures for each Account Manager from
column chart to combo chart. In addition, display Q4 as a line chart and
place same on the secondary axis.
a. Click on the column chart.

b. In the “type” group of the design tab, click on “change chart type”
c. In the “all charts” tab, click on “combo” and select “clustered
combination”
d. In Qtr 4 chart type drop down, select line chart and check the
secondary axis box.
e. Click OK. Refer to the caption below
CHANGE CHART STYLES
Exercise 56: Change the chart styles to “styles 5”
a. In the chart styles of the design tab, click on “styles 6.” Refer to
the caption below
CHANGING CHART LAYOUT

Exercise 57: Apply “layout 10” to the combo chart
a. Click on the combo chart

b. In the “chart layouts” group of the design tab, click the dropdown
c. Select “layout 10.” Refer to the caption below.
CHARTS MODIFICATION
Styling of chart in Excel means doing modifications to the chart such as
adding different elements and colours.
Exercise 58: Add “Sales Data for 2016” as chart titles above

b. Click on “add chart elements” dropdown located on the left most of
the design tab
c. Select “above chart in the chart titles dropdown
d. Then, in the chart title box, type Sales Data for 2016 and click out.
Or
a. Direct click inside the chart title box in the chart

b. Type “Sales Data for 2016” and click out.
Note, excel allows user to use formula (equal sign) to reference chart title
from one cell to another. Refer to the caption below.
Exercise 59: Add “Account Managers” as the horizontal axis title label.
a. In the “Add Chart Element” dropdown, select Axis Titles

b. Click on Primary Horizontal.
c. In the axis title box below, type Account Managers and click
away. Refer to the caption below
Exercise 60: Add “Sales Totals” as the vertical axis title label.
a. In the “Add Chart Element” dropdown, select Axis Titles

b. Click on Primary Vertical.
c. In the axis title box below, type “Sales Totals” and click away.
Note, excel allows user to modify charts by using the icons located right of
the chart. The green fill plus icon does exactly the same things that “add chart
element” tool does. The paintbrush icon enables users to change “chart styles
and colours.” Finally, the funnel filter icon does the work that “select data”
in the design tab does. It allows users to select data to either add or remove
from chart. Refer to the caption below.
SHARE CHARTS
Excel allows user to share charts from Excel to MS Word and PowerPoint.
Exercise 61: Share the “Sales 2016” combination chart to MS Power point &
MS Word respectively
To share charts to PowerPoint:
a. In the MS Excel sheet where chart is located, right-click on the

chart and select copy
b. In the MS PowerPoint, CTRL + P to paste in selected slide. Refer
To share charts to MS Word:
a. In the MS Excel sheet where chart is located, right-click on the

chart and select copy
b. In the MS Word, CTRL + P to paste in desired location. Refer to
the caption below
EXCEL JET INTERMEDIATE ONE
LECTURE ONE
WORKING WITH MULTIPLE WORKSHEETS
The Cells group in the Home tab contains all the tools needed to work with
multiple worksheets. However, for easy accessiblity, all the tools are also
available in the “Sheet” area below the screen
ADD SHEET
Exercise 1: Add a new sheet to the current workbook
By default, excel has Sheet1 when a new blank workbook is opened. To add
another sheet:
a. Click on the (+) to the right of the worksheet tabs.

MOVE SHEET
Exercise 2: Move the “Sheet1” to the end
a. Click and drag the sheet to the desired location.
Or
b. Right click on Sheet1

c. Click on Move or Copy
d. Click on (move to end)
e. Click OK
CREATE A COPY
Exercise 3: Create a copy of “Sheet1”
a. Right click on the sheet

b. Click on Move or Copy
c. Click on the desired sheet to copy.
d. To move the copied sheet to the end, click on “move to end”
e. Check “Create a copy” box
f. Click OK
a. Click on the Sheet to Copy
b. Hold down the CTRL key and drag to the right. Note the triangle
pointer
RENAME SHEET
Exercise 4: Rename the four sheets with the following name – Rulibeth,
Nadim, Carlos, Finance Q3
a. Double-click on the Sheet label i.e Sheet1

b. Repeat the above for other Sheets
c. Type in desired sheet name
d. Click out to commit the changes.
APPLYING TAB COLOURS

Exercise 5: Apply tab colours to differentiate the sheets
a. Right click on the first sheet or any other

b. In the tab colour pop-out, select any desired colour
c. Repeat the above for other sheets
GROUP SHEET
Exercise 6: Replace the headings in Rulibeth, Nadim, Carlos and Finance Q3
sheets with “Finance Quarter3” at once.
a. Double-click on sheet Finance Q3 sheet and type “Finance

Quarter3.”
b. CTRL+C the sheet name (Finance Quarter1), and press enter
c. Click on the first sheet (Rulibeth) and hold-down the shift key
d. While holding down the shift key, click on Finance Quarter3 sheet
– All four sheets grouped
e. In cell A1 of Finance Quarter1 sheet, CTRL+V to paste.
f. To ungroup the sheet, click on any of the sheet or right-click and
select “unground sheets”
Notice, the headings in all the four sheets displayed “Finance Quarter3.”
Exercise 7: Unhide “Finance Quarter1” sheet

a. Right-click on any of the sheet
b. Click on Unhide sheet button
c. Select the particular sheet to unhide
d. Click OK.
Note, the sheet un-hidden is located at the exact position it was, previously. It
is advisable to hide sheet that contains extraneous data if working on
computer used by many users
3D FORMULAS
A 3D formula is a formula that refers to the same cell or range of
cells on multiple sheet.
Exercise 8: Using conventional method, sum up the expenses for Rulibeth,
Nadim and Carlos sheets into the “Finance Quarter3” sheet.
To sum up the expenses using the conventional method
a. In cell C7 of the Finance Quarter3 sheet, type =.

b. Reference the cell C7 on Rulibeth, Nadim and Carlos sheets using
the plus sign +.
c. Click Enter. = Rulibeth!C7+Nadim!C7+Carlos!C7
d. Copy across and down for other cells.
Notice, cell C7 of the Finance Quarter3 returned 540. However, this method
is inefficient because each value in the three sheets are referenced manually.
Exercise 9: Using 3D formula, for Transportation, sum up the expenses for
Rulibeth, Nadim and Carlos sheets into the Finance Quarter3 sheet.
To sum up the expenses using 3D method:
a. In cell C7, type =Sum with open bracket

b. Click on Rulibeth sheet and reference the value in cell C7.
c. Hold down the SHIFT key and click on Carlos sheet. Notice, in
the formula bar, there is =SUM('Rulibeth:Carlos'!C7). This means
all the values in cells C7 of Rulibeth to Carlos sheets are being
summed ups
d. Close the bracket and Click Enter
e. Using fill handle, copy across and down for other cells
Note, to add up values from different sheet into a summary sheet, all the
sheets must have the same structures. 3D formulas enable efficiency; no need
to be selecting values from each sheet with the plus sign. The conventional
method is inefficient and subject to error. However, 3D is error-free.
Exercise 10: Using sum function, calculate the Total in C14:F14 and F7:F13
a. Execute the following in cells C14:F14: =SUM(C14:F14)

b. Execute the following in cells F7:F13: =SUM(F7:F13). Refer to
the caption below
Exercise 11: Using 3D formula, add up all the expenses for Lodging and
Meals from the three sheets
a. Since lodging and meals range to populate is C17:E20 (four

layer), from the transportation above, CTRL+C C7:E10
b. Click into cell C17 of lodging and meals and CTRL+V the
structure
Note, the returned values for lodging and meals is different from
transportation despite copying and pasting. Finally, sum up the values in
F17:F20
Exercise 12: Using 3D formula, add up all the expenses for Miscellaneous
from the three sheets
a. Copy the first or the last five structure from Transportation range
C7:E11
b. Click into C24 and Paste the structured. Refer to the caption
below
c. In F24:F28, execute the following +=SUM(F24:F28)
Note, moving sheets after 3D formula has been applied, will negatively
affect the values in the sheets, which numeric values are pulled to. 3D
supports finding the average of a given values
LINKING WORKBOOKS
Excel allows user to work with multiple workbooks. The process of doing
these is Linking Workbooks.
Exercise 13: Pull the “Total” expenses values from the ExpenseQ1,
ExpenseQ2, and ExpenseQ3 workbooks and summarize into the Total
Expenses workbook.
a. Close all other workbooks.

b. Open Total Expenses, Q1, Q2, Q3 workbooks
c. To display all the four workbooks on the screen at the same time,
there are two (2) options:
1. [option 1] – if using MS Excel 2016, in the “Tell me what you

want to do” located below the workbook name. Click on it. Type
and click on Arrange All. In the dialogue box, click on Tiled and
click OK
2. [option 2] – if using older version of Excel, after all the 4
workbooks are opened: In the Window group of the View tab,
click on Arrange All > Select Tiled > Click OK.
To have a clearer view of the spreadsheet, collapse all the workbooks
Ribbon.
d. Click into cell C7 of Total Expenses workbook.

e. To select the Quarter1 total, click into ExpenseQ1 workbook
f. Use equal to (=) to reference cell C7 (pull through) value
='[ExpensesQ1.xlsx]Finance Q1'!$F7.
Note, ='[ExpensesQ1.xlsx] – workbook name. 'Finance Q1'!$F7 – sheet name
and cell referenced (absolute cell references)
g. To change the absolute cell reference ($F$7) to mixed cell

reference of locking the column only ($F7), click anywhere close
to the absolute and press F4 key twice!
h. Click Enter.
i. Repeat steps E to H above to pull through the total from the
ExpenseQ2 and ExpenseQ3 respectively.
j. In the Total Expenses workbook, select all the three pulled values
k. Finally, apply the Fill Handle to drag down. This would populate
the other cells. Refer to the caption below.
Note, if any value in any of the Q1, Q2 and Q3 expense workbooks changes,
Excel automatically update the changes in the Total Expense Workbook.
To apply currency:
a. In the small icon, click on It.

b. Select Fill Without Formatting. The default currency signs
automatically returns.
Exercise 14: Repeat exercise 13 for to populate “lodging and meals”
a. From the Transportation, select the bottom four calculation

(C10:E13) and CTRL+C.
b. In cell C17 of Lodging & Meals, CTRL+V.
For Miscellaneous, repeat exercise 14. Notice, the copied cell structure
automatically populates the cells. Refer to the caption below
MANAGING WORKBOOK LINKS
To manage the workbooks linked together:
a. In the Connection group of the Data tab, click edit links

b. In the dialogue box are all the links created.
Note, if one of the links damaged because of moving or renaming any linked
workbook, click change source. This would redirect to fix the damaged link
in the workbook location. The other option available is break a link.
Exercise 15: Break the ExpenseQ1 workbook link
a. In the edit links dialogue box, click on ExpenseQ1 and click on

Break Link. Notice, a warning message displayed “links cannot be
undone.”
b. Proceed to click Break Links. In cells C7:C13 of the caption
below, notice there is no link to the value; only the numeric value
displayed. Therefore, if any value changes from ExpenseQ1, the
changes will not have any impact on the Total Expenses workbook
because links is broken. To link the ExpenseQ1 back to the Total
Expenses workbook, repeat all the process of linking workbook.
CONSOLIDATE BY POSITION
The consolidate tool allows combining values from multiple workbooks into
a summary workbook. Consolidate tool is located on the data tab of the
ribbon, in the Data Tools group.
Exercise 16: Summarise the total expenses from the three different States into
a summary Expenses workbook.
To open and arrange the workbooks:
a. Open the four workbooks

b. In the “tell me what you want to do”, type Arrange All
c. Display using Tiled.
To consolidate by position with SUM function:
a. In the “Consolidate by position” sheet, click in cell C7 – where

the consolidation begins.
b. In the Data group of Data tab, click on Consolidate.
c. In the Consolidate dialogue box, under Function drop-down,
choose the SUM function (default). Note, there are Sum, Average,
Count, Max, Min etc.
d. In the “Reference” box, click into Expenses Lagos workbook

e. Select the range – C7:F28.
f. Click “Add” button.
g. In the “Reference” box, click into Expenses Abuja workbook
h. Select the range – C7:F28
i. Click “Add” button
j. In the “Reference” box, click into Expenses PHC workbook
k. Select the range – C7:F28
l. Click “Add” button. Refer to the caption below
m. Finally, click OK.

The expenses from the three States summarised into the Consolidate by
position workbook. Note, to summarise values from the three workbooks into
the summary workbooks, all the workbooks must have the same structure and
the values in the same position. Refer to the caption below
Note, unlike Linking Workbooks that has links, consolidate do not have links.
This invariably implies that if any value in any of the workbook changes,
Excel consolidate will not automatically recalculate to accept the changes. In
addition, notice that in the formula bar, there is no links in the consolidated
value in cell C7 and other cells.
RECALCULATE NEW VALUE IN
CONSOLIDATION
Exercise 17: Change the value in cell C7 “Miles Driven for Q1” of the
Expense Lagos workbook to 100,000.
a. In cell C7 of Expense Lagos workbook, type in 100,000 (without a

comma)
b. In Data group of the Data tab of Consolidate by Position
workbook, click on Consolidate.
c. In the Consolidate dialogue box, just click OK. Before doing
these, click on the cell C7 of the Consolidate by position
workbook.
Notice, excel consolidate recalculated to accept the changes. Refer to the
caption below.
CREATING LINKS IN CONSOLIDATION

Exercise 18: Create links in the Consolidate by position workbook
To create Links in the Consolidate workbook using the same cell structure:
a. Click into cell C7 in the Consolidate workbook.

b. In the Data group of Data tab, click on Consolidate
c. In the Consolidate dialogue box, check “Create links to source
data”.
d. Click OK.
Notice, links to other three workbooks created using SUM function. Refer to
the caption below
OUTLINES
In the caption above, notice, there are plus (+) sign left of the row numbers.
In addition, the row number are not in the usual order and there are 1 and 2 in
a box below the name box. This is outline in Excel. By default, the result
displayed in outline 1.
In the caption below, by clicking on the outline 2, the result expanded to
display the input cells value that generated the SUM totals in the outline 1
CONSOLIDATION BY REFERENCE
Exercise 19: Summarize the Finance department “Leave Days” from the three
States workbooks into the “Consolidate by reference” workbook.
To open and arrange the workbooks:
a. Open the four workbooks

b. In the “tell me what you want to do”, type Arrange All
c. Display using Tiled. Refer to the first caption below
Note, there are more department in some States compared to others – Seven,
Six and Five departments in PHC, Abuja and Lagos respectively. In addition,
the department across the three States are not in the same position. These
implies that Consolidation by position is not possible.
To summarize the leave days:
a. Click in cell B5 on the Consolidate by reference workbook where

the consolidation begins.
b. In the Data group of the Data tab, click on Consolidate.
c. In Consolidate dialogue box, click into the Reference box
d. In the Leave Days Lagos workbook, select the range – B5:G9
e. Click on Add.
f. In the Leave Days Abuja workbook, select the range – B5:G10
g. Click on Add.
h. In the Leave Days PHC workbook, select the range – B5:G11
i. Click on Add.
j. To consolidate by reference, check the “Left column” box of “use

labels in”. Refer to the caption above. The left column labels are
the department listed on the left across the three workbooks.
k. Click OK. Refer to the second caption above.
Notice, excel summarised and consolidated the data from the other three
workbooks alphabetically by department. In addition, there are no links in the
consolidated values. These implies that if any value changes in any of the
other three workbooks, excel consolidate will not recalculate to accept the
changes.
Exercise 20: In the Consolidate by reference workbook, in the table below
the summarized consolidation, find the AVERAGE leave days for the entire
department across the three States workbooks.
a. Click in cell B15 of the Consolidated by reference workbook

b. In the Data tools of the Data tab, click on Consolidate.
c. In the dialogue box, click on the “Function” dropdown and select
AVERAGE
d. Since “left column” box checked from the previous consolidation,
click OK.
Notice, the average leave days in Accounting and Sales department for Q1
and Q4 are 10 and 19 (approximately). Refer to the caption below.
LECTURE TWO
COMBINING TEXT
CONCATENATE FUNCTION
The Excel CONCATENATE function joins several text strings into one text
string. The CONCAT Function replaces CONCATENATE in never versions
of Excel specifically in office 365
Syntax = CONCATENATE(text1,text2,[text3],…)
Arguments: Text1 – The first text value to join Text2 – The second text
value to join
Text3 – [optional] the third text value to join together
Note that the (&) ampersand character is an alternative to CONCATENATE
when joining text strings using formula (=)
Exercise 21: In the Legacy HR Database, using function, combine the
employees Last (column B) and First (column C) names to Full Name
(column D)
a. In D4, type in “=CONCATENATE”

b. Reference cell B4 and type a comma sign
c. Introduce empty double quotes with space in between and type a
comma sign
d. Reference cell C4 and Click Enter. =CONCATENATE(B4," ",C4)
e. In cell D4, use Fill Handle to copy down for other employees.
Excel automatically joins the names from columns B and C to D. Note, the
space in between the double quotations is to separate the last and first name
when combined into the same cell. In addition, it is noteworthy, from the
caption below that the CONCATENATE function combine the names with the
exact text case from the individual columns of last and first names.
AMPERSAND SIGN (&)

Exercise 22: Using the last, first names, and ampersand sign, populate the
email (column E). Add “@legacyhr.com” as suffix
To CONCATENATE using formula (=) and ampersand Sign (&):
a. In E4, execute the following: =B4&"."&C4&"@legacyhr.com"
b. Click Enter.
c. Using Fill handle, copy down for all other employees
The email for each employee populated using ampersand in a formula. Refer
to the caption below.
Both the CONCAT function and the Ampersand are quick ways to join data
that appears in separate columns. Both approaches allow user to add spaces,
other characters, and text into the newly created cell.
FLASH FILL
Flash fill automatically fills data when there is a text pattern. The tool is
handy for text separation or combination
Exercise 23: Using the flash fill pattern, combine the employees Last (column
B) and First (column C) names to Full Name (column D)
a. Clear all text string formula in column D

b. In cell D4, type the last and first name from cells B4 and C4
respectively
c. In cell D5, type the first few letters of the last and first names from
cells B5 and C5.
Notice, excel recognized the text pattern from cells B4 and C4. This pattern
(B5 and C5), extended to cell D5. In addition, the pattern extended to the text
case. Refer to the caption below
CHANGING TEXT CASE

LOWER FUNCTION
The Excel LOWER function returns a lower-case version of a given text
string
Syntax =LOWER(text)
Argument: Text – The text for lower case conversion.
Exercise 24: Convert all the text string in email (column E) to lower case.
a. Double-click into cell E4

b. After the equal sign, type LOWER and press tab key
c. Introduce another close bracket at the end of the formula
d. Click CTRL+Enter to effect the lower case and remain in cell E4.
e. Use Fill Handle to copy down. Refer to the caption below
UPPER FUNCTION
The Excel UPPER function returns an upper-case version of a given text
string
Syntax =UPPER(text)
Argument: Text – The text for upper case conversion
Exercise 25: Convert all the text in Full Name (Column D) to upper case.
a. Double-click into cell D4

b. After the equal sign, type UPPER and press tab key
c. Introduce another close bracket at the end of the formula
d. Click CTRL+Enter to effect the lower case and remain in cell D4.
PROPER FUNCTION
The Excel PROPER function capitalizes the first letter or letters of a given
text string
Syntax =PROPER(text)
Argument: Text – The text for proper case capitalization.
Exercise 26: Capitalise the full name text string (Column D).
a. Double-click into cell D4

b. After the equal sign, clear the UPPER function
c. Type PROPER and press tab key
d. Click CTRL+Enter to effect the proper case and remain in cell
D4.
EXTRACTING TEXT
Excel provides three functions for extracting text – LEFT, MID RIGHT and
FIND functions
LEFT FUNCTION
The Excel LEFT function extracts a given number of characters from the left
side of a given text string
Syntax =LEFT(text,[num_chars)
Argument: Text – The text from which to extract characters
Num_characters – The number of characters to extract
Exercise 27: Extract from the Location (column K), the first two values on
the left. i.e 02, to Floor (Column L)
a. In cell L4, execute the following, =LEFT(K7,2)

b. Click CTRL+Enter
c. Use the fill handle to copy down. Refer to the caption below
RIGHT FUNCTION
The Excel RIGHT function extracts a given number of characters from the
right side of a given text string
Syntax = RIGHT(text,[num_chars])
Argument Text – The text from which to extract characters
Exercise 28: Extract from the Location, the last four value on the right. i.e
2635, to Wing (Column M)
a. In cell L4, execute the following, =RIGHT(K7,4)

b. Click CTRL+Enter
c. Use the fill handle to copy down. Refer to the caption below
MID FUNCTION
The Excel MID function extracts a given number of characters from the
middle of a given text string
Syntax =MID(text,start_num,num_chars)
Argument: Text – The text from which to extract mid characters
Start_num – The location of the first character to extract
Exercise 29: Extract from the Location, the extension in the middle (i.e West,
North, Northwest), to Extension (Column N)
a. In cell N4, execute the following, =MID(K7,4,4)

b. Click CTRL+Enter.
c. Use the fill handle to copy down for the rest of the data.
Note, the West extension is a four-character in length while North is five-
character in length. Wings such as Northeast has nine-characters and so on.
Since all the wings do not have the exact number of characters, using the mid
function alone is incapable of accurately extract the characters. Therefore,
there is need to combine mid function with another function (nesting), to
extract the wings.
FIND FUNCTION
The Excel FIND function returns the position (as a number) of one text string
inside another
Syntax =FIND(find_text,within_text, [start_num])
Arguments: Find_text – The text to find
Within_text – The text to search within
Start_num – [optional] the starting position in a text to search
Exercise 30: Extract the Wing from the Location using MID and FIND
functions.
Option A
Note, in cell K4 for example, the text length (03-West 2392), is 12 characters
long. Excel treat the hyphen and the space as characters. Hence, the text
length is 12 for that particular cell.
To extract the wing in the middle irrespective of its number of characters,
find the position of the space of the text to extract (cell K7), in cell O7
a. To build an helper column to find the space, in cell O7, execute

the following: =FIND(" ",K7). Note, the space in between the
double quotation is what to find. The space found in the text (K7).
b. Use fill handle to copy down the other space position number.
From the caption below, the position of the space in cell K7 is in
number eight. Others are located in position number nine, twelve
etc.
After finding the position of the space,
a. Subtract four characters from the cell O7. The four is, for cell K7,
03- (three characters), and the space (one character). Four
characters to be subtracted in total
b. In O7, double-click on the formula. Outside the close bracket at
the end of the formula, type (-4) without brackets
c. Click+Enter
d. Use fill handle to copy down the rest of the data. Now, the
remaining number of characters in cell O7 is four while for cell
O8 is five. Refer to the caption below.
Finally, to import the values in the helper column (column O) for the accurate
extraction
a. Double-click in cell N7 to open up the formula

b. Clear the four in the last argument (num_chars), replace by a
single click, with the value in cell O7. Refer to the caption below
c. Click+Enter to remain in cell N7
d. Use fill handle to copy down for the rest of the data.
To hide the helper column values in column O:
a. Select the whole column O

b. In the Font group of the Home tab, click on the Font colour
dropdown
c. Select White, Background 1
Notice, all the wings are accurately extracted in-spite of the differing length
of characters. Refer to the caption below
Option B: To extract the wings without using helper column:
a. Clear the values in column N

b. In N7, execute the following, =MID(K7,4,FIND(" ",K7)-4)
c. Click CTRL+Enter
d. Use fill handle to copy down. Refer to the caption below
DATE FUNCTIONS & CALCULATIONS

NOW FUNCTION
The Excel NOW function returns the current date and time.
Syntax =NOW()
No argument
Exercise 31: Display todays date and current time in cell N1
Option A,
a. In cell N1, execute the following =NOW()

b. Click Enter.
Today’s date and current time displayed. Refer to the caption below
Option B
a. Clear the value in cell N1,

b. In cell N1, to display the current date and time respectively
c. On the keyboard, execute CTRL+; (to display the current date)
d. Then, type a space and execute CTRL + SHIFT+; (to display the
current time). Refer to the caption below
YEARFRAC FUNCTION
Excel YEARFRAC function returns a decimal value that represents
fractional years between two dates
Syntax = YEARFRAC(start_date,end_date, [basis])
Arguments Start_date – The start date End_date – The end date
Basis – [optional] the type of day count basis to use
Exercise 32: In cell G4, calculate how many years each staff member has
been working for the company up until today (25/10/2018). To solve the
problem, deploy YEARFRAC function.
a. In cell G4, execute the following: =YEARFRAC(F4,TODAY()).

Note, TODAY() function is used to round-down as the end date.
b. Click CTRL+Enter
c. Use the fill handle to copy down for the rest of the employees.
Exercise 33: In column I, calculate “Next Review Date” to evaluate each

employee’s performance. In the next 1 year.
a. In column I4, execute the following =H4+365.

b. Click Enter.
c. Use the Fill Handle to copy down. See the caption below
LECTURE THREE
NAMED RANGES
The Excel Named Ranges is a shorthand that makes it easier to understand
the purpose of a cell reference, constant, formula or table, which may be
difficult to understand at the onset.
Exercise 34: Calculate pension contribution for each member of staff. This is
by multiplying the annual salary by the contribution rate, which is 9%. To do
the calculations without named range
To solve question conventionally – without named ranges:
a. In O4, execute the following: =N4*P1

b. Click Enter
c. Use fill handle to copy down.
Notice, all the other cells aside from cell O4 returned $0.00, which is
incorrect. The incorrect returned values is because of the relative references,
which excel uses. In the caption below, notice when copy down the values
using fill handle, cell P1 jumped down to P2, and so on. To ensure that cell
P1 remain fixed (unmoved) when the formula in column O is copied down,
there is need to apply absolute cell references.
To solve question by applying absolute cell reference – without named
ranges:
a. Double-click in cell O4 to open up the formula

b. To apply absolute cell references to P1, click anywhere close to
P1
c. Press F4 key on the keyboard once! Notice the dollar sign $P$1
d. Click+Enter to stay in the cell
e. Use fill handle to copy down for the rest of the data.
Notice, standard results for tall the cells in column O returned. See the
caption below
To solve question using named ranges:
a. Clear the previous calculation by pressing CTRL + Down Arrow

from cell O4.
b. Press Delete on the keyboard
c. Click into cell P1
d. In the name box, type Contribution_Rate
e. Click Enter
Furthermore,
a. In cell O4, execute thefollowing, =N4*Contribution_Rate.

Contribution_Rate (the named range created). Naming ranges
effectively handle the problem of aboslute cell references.
b. Click CTRL+Enter
c. Use fill handle to copy down for the rest of the data. See the
caption below. Note, named range do not support space or hypen.
It also accept underscore or merging the name together.
Underscore used in the example below
CREATING A NAMED RANGES
Excel provides several ways to create named ranges and each of them has
their own advantage. Defined Names on the Formulas tab contains all the
tools to work with named ranges.
NAME BOX
Exercise 35: Create named ranges from the Emp ID (column A) using the
Name Box.
a. Click into cell A4 and press CTRL + SHIFT + Down Arrow, to

select all the data before a blank cell.
b. Click into the Name Box and type EmpID
c. Click Enter
d. To check the created named ranges, click the name box dropdown.
Note, heading is excluded from selection, when creating named ranges using
name box using name box. See the caption below.
DEFINED NAME
Exercise 36: Create a named range from the Pension (column O), using the
Defined Name on the Click into O4 and apply CTRL + SHIFT + Down
Arrow.
a. In the Formulas tab, in the Defined Names, click Defined Name.

b. In the dialogue box. Notice, Excel automatically picked the name
of the heading Pension.
c. Click OK.
The important thing in the dialogue box is the Scope. The Scope defines
where the named ranges is visible. By default, it Is visible throughout the
entire workbook. In addition, user can adjust the referenced cells in the
“Refers to” box
CREATE FROM SELECTION
The “Create from Selection” allows naming multiple ranges simultaneously,
using the labels already in the workbook. Note, headings are selected when
naming ranges using “Create from Selection.”
Exercise 37: Name the ranges from columns B to N. Each column is to be
independent from other column.
a. Select from Last Name in B3 to Annual Salary headings in N3.

b. Press CTRL + SHIFT + Down Arrow to select all the data.
c. In the Formulas tab, in Defined Names group, click Create from
Selection.
d. In the dialogue box, untick the left column and Click OK.
Note, the shortcut key to apply “Create from Selection” is CTRL + Shift +
F3. To apply the shortcut:
a. Select all the data including the headings.
b. Press CTRL + Shift + F3.
c. Untick left column and click OK.
To see all the newly created named ranges, click on the Name Box dropdown
icon. There are sixteen named ranges including Department as seen in the
caption below. See the caption below
MANAGING NAMED RANGES

Excel provides a great tool for managing and updating named ranges – Name
Manager. Name manager is located in the Define Name group. Refer to the
caption below
To see all the named ranges created:
a. In the Defined Names, click on Name Manager. The list of named

ranges consist of the following, Name, Value, Refers To and
Score. Refer to the caption below
In the dialogue box, there is a little button on the right called the filter button.
It allows filtering to see only certain named ranges. Specifically, the name
manager allows user to delete, edit and even create new named ranges.
Exercise 38: There is a duplicate named range “Emp ID.” Therefore, delete
one of them. Delete the Emp_ID.
a. Click on the named ranges to delete (Emp_ID)

b. Click on the delete button. Note that Excel ask whether the user
desire to proceed to delete. If it is okay to delete, click delete. The
reason why Excel ask is because any named ranges deleted cannot
be recovered and the undo button or CTRL+Z cannot bring back
the deleted named range
NAMED RANGES IN FORMULAS
(CALCULATIONS)
Exercise 39: In column P, calculate, “Total Package” for each employee by
adding Salary and Pension.
a. Click into cell P4 and execute the following:

=Annual_Salary+Pension
b. Click CTRL+Enter
c. Use the fill handle to copy down
Exercise 40: In cell S5 of the “Quick Facts” table, calculate the Total
Package for all the employees using the conventional method (cell reference)
a. In S5, execute the following: =SUM(P4:P35)

b. Click CTRL+Enter to remain in cell S5. Refer to the caption
below
Exercise 41: Using named ranges, repeat exercise 40
a. Select all the data in column P including the heading (Package)

using CTRL+SHIFT+Down Arrow
b. In the formula tab, in the Defined Names group, click on Create
from Selection.
c. Check the Top row if unchecked.
d. Click OK.
e. Then, in S4, type =SUM and press tab key
f. Type the first few letters of package such as (pack). Use the tab
key to select Package.
g. Close the bracket and click Enter. The method is easier, efficient
and neater that the previous method. See the caption below
Exercise 42: In cell, S6, calculate the “Average Salary” for all the
company’s staff using named ranges method
a. Note, Annual Salary named ranged already created. Therefore, in

S5, type =AVERAGE and press tab key.
b. Type the first few letters of Annual Salary such as (ann). Use the
tab key to select.
c. Close the bracket and click Enter
Exercise 43: Identify the “Most Oldest Date of Hire” using named range
method.
a. Note, Date of Hire named ranged already created. Therefore, in

S6, type =MIN and press tab key.
b. Type the first few letters of Date of Hire such as (date). Use the
down arrow and tab keys to select.
c. Close the bracket and click Enter.
Exercise 44: Identify the “Most Recent Date of Hire” using named ranges
method.
a. Note, Date of Hire named ranged already created. Therefore, in

S7, type =MAX with open bracket.
b. Type the first few letters of Date of Hire such as (date). Use the
down arrow and tab keys to select.
c. Close the bracket and click Enter.
Note, to display all the named range created for selection in the event of not
remebering the named ranges, prss F3 key on the keyboard. See the caption
below
APPLYING NAMES
Excel “apply name,” allows cell references to be replaced (convert), with a
newly created named ranges.
Exercise 45: In cell S5, convert the conventional method – cell references
“=SUM($P$4:$P$35)” to named ranges “=SUM(Package)”
To apply name:
a. Select all the data in column P including the heading Package.

b. In the formulas tab, in the Defined Names group, click on Create
from Selection.
c. Check the “Top row” if not check.
d. Click OK.
Furthermore,
a. Single click on cell S5

b. In the formula tab, in the Defined Names group, click on the
dropdown list right of Define Name.
c. Click on Apply Names.
d. In the dialogue box, select Package if not already selected.
e. Click OK. Then check the Total Package cell S4.
Notice, cell reference method of the calculation replaced with named range
method. Refer to the caption below
LECTURE FOUR
COUNT FUNCTION
The Excel COUNT function returns the count of numeric values.
Syntax =COUNT(value1, [value2],…)
Arguments Value1 – an item, cell reference or range
Vvalue2 – [optional] an item, cell reference or range
Exercise 46: In cell O3, calculate the total orders shipped using COUNT
FUNCTION. Name the ranges first
To apply name ranges to the data:
a. Click on cell A5
b. Press CTRL + SHIFT + Right and Down Arrow to select the data
including the row headings
c. In the formulas tab, click on “create from selection”
d. Check the “Top row” alone and Click OK
To calculate the total orders shipped:
e. In cell O3, type =COUNT and press tab key

f. Type the first few letters of Ship_Date such as (ship). Select with
tab.
g. Apply close bracket and Click Enter.
There are 1037 orders shipped to customers. Refer to the caption below.
COUNTA FUNCTION
The Excel COUNTA FUNCTION returns the count of cells that contain
numbers, text, logical values, error values, and empty text such as (“ “).
Syntax =COUNTA(value1, [value2],…)
Arguments Value1 – An item, cell reference or range
Value2 – [optional] an item, cell reference or range
Exercise 47: In cellB3, calculate total number of orders placed by customers
using COUNTA FUNCTION
a. In cell B3, type =COUNT and press tab key

b. Type the first few letters of Order_Date such as (Order). Use tab
to select.
c. Apply close bracket and click Enter.
Total of 1039 orders placed by customers. However, 1037 shipped.
COUNTBLANK FUNCTION
The Excel COUNTBLANK function returns a count of empty cells in a range.
Cells that contain text, numbers, error, etc excluded.
Syntax =COUNTBLANK(range)
Argument: Range – the range in which to count blank cells
Exercise 48: In cell J3, count how many blank cells are in the
“Order_Priority” section of the data set
a. In cell J3, type =COUNTBLANK and press tab key

b. Type the first few letters of COUNTBLANK such as (COUNT).
Use the down arrow and tab keys to select.
c. Apply close bracket and click Enter.
There are 2 cells that are blank in the section. See the caption below
COUNTING WITH CRITERIA
COUNTIFS FUNCTION
The Excel COUNTIFS function returns the count of cells that meet one or
multiple criteria. User can use the function with criteria based on dates,
numbers, text and other conditions. COUNTIFS function support logical
operators such as (<,>.<>,=) and wildcards such as (*,?) for partial matching
Syntax =COUNTIFS(criteria_range1, criteria1,…)
Arguments Criteria_range1 – The criteria range to evaluate
Criteria1 – The criteria to use in evaluating range1
Exercise 49: In cells B5:B7 of the Sales Dash sheet, summarise the numbers
of Order by States – LOS, ABV & PHC. Note that 3D Pie Chart inserted into
the sheet, linked to numbers of orders by States.
a. In cell B5, type =COUNTIFS with open bracket.

b. Type the first few letters of State named range such as (St). Use
the tab key to select.
c. Reference cell A5 in the formula – the COUNTIFS criteria.
d. Apply close bracket and click Enter.
e. Use fill handle to copy down to cell B7
There are 289, 646 and 104 Orders from the States of LOS, ABV & PHC
respectively. See the caption below
Exercise 50: In cells B11:B14, calculate the number of Orders by “Customer
Type” and displays the Orders figures on the inserted 2D Pie chart

b. Type the first few letters of Customer_Type named range such as
(cust). Use the down arrow and tab key to select.
c. Reference cell A11 – COUNTIFS criteria.
d. Apply close bracket and click Enter.
e. Use fill handle to copy down for other Customer Types.
Exercise 51: In cell B17, calculate the number of “orders with quantities
greater than 30”.

b. Type the first few letters of Orders_Quantity such as (orders). Use
the down arrow and tab key to select.
c. Apply open quotation mark, type >30 and close the quotation.
d. Apply the closed bracket and Click Enter
There are 434 orders above 30 quantities. Refer to the caption below
Note, criteria that defines counted cell specified in form of reference number,
text or an expression. For COUNTIFS, text and expressions must be within
quotation marks.
SUMIFS FUNCTION: SINGLE CRITERIA

The Excel SUMIFS function adds the values in cells that meet multiple
criteria. SUMIFS adds values when adjacent cells meet criteria based on
dates, numbers, and text. SUMIFS function supports all the logical operators
that COUNTIFS and AVERAGEIFS supports.
Syntax = SUMIFS(sum_range, criteria_range1, criteria1,…)
Arguments: Sum_range – The range to be summed.
Criteria_range1 – The criteria range to evaluate
Exercise 52: In cells B21:B34, calculate the Sum Total Sales for each
Account Manager
a. In cell B21, type =SUMIFS and press tab key
b. Type the first few letters of Total named ranges and select –
sum_range argument.
c. Type the first few letters of “Account_Manager” – criteria_range1
argument.
d. Reference cell A21 – criteria1.
e. Apply close bracket and Click Enter
f. Use the fill handle to drag down for the rest of the data.
Note that the calculation above – single criteria of SUMIFS. Refer to the
caption below
SUMIFS FUNCTION: MULTIPLE CRITERIA

Exercise 53: In cells C21:F34, calculate the Sum Total Sales for each
Account Managers for year 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016.
a. In cell C21, type =SUMIFS and press tab key.

b. Type the first few letters of the named ranges, “Total”
(sum_range), and type a comma.
c. Type the first few letters of the named ranges,
“Account_Manager” (criteria_range1), and type a comma to move
to the next argument.
e. Press F4 key thrice to apply mixed cell reference – lock down
column to enable dragging across the table ($A21), and type a
comma.
f. Type the first few letters of the named ranges, “Order_Year”
(criteria_range2), with a comma.
g. Reference cell C20 – criteria2.
h. Press F4 key twice to apply mixed cell reference – lock down the
row to enable dragging down the table (C$20) and type a comma
to move to the next argument
i. Close the bracket and Click Enter.
j. Use the fill handle to drag across and down to populate the empty
cells in the table.
AVERAGEIFS FUNCTION: SINGLE CRITERIA

The Excel AVERAGEIFS function returns the average of numeric values in a
range that meet one or more given criteria.
Syntax = AVERAGEIFS(average_range, criteria_range1,
criteria1,…)
Arguments: Average_range – The range to find average.
Criteria_range1 – The criteria range to evaluate
Exercise 54: In cells B21:B34, clear and calculate the Average Total Sales
for each account managers
a. In B21, type = AVERAGEIFS with open bracket.

b. Type the first few letters of Total named ranges and select –
“average_range.”
“Account_Manager” – criteria_range1.
d. Reference cell A21 – criteria1. Apply close bracket.
e. Use the fill handle to copy down.
Note that this is a single criteria AVERAGEIFS calculation. See the caption
below
AVERAGEIFS FUNCTION: MULTIPLE

CRITERIA
Exercise 55: In cells C21:F34, calculate the “Average Total” Sales for each
Account Managers for year 2013, 2014, 2015 and 2016.
a. In cell C21, type =AVERAGEIFS and press tab key

b. Type the first few letters of the named ranges, “Total”
(average_range), and press a comma.
“Account_Manager” (criteria_range1), and type a comma to move
to the next argument.
e. Press F4 key thrice to apply mixed cell reference – lock down
column to enable dragging across the table ($A21) with a comma.
f. Type the first few letter of the named ranges, “Order_Year”
(criteria_range2), with a comma.
g. Reference cell C20 – criteria2.
h. Press F4 key twice to apply mixed cell reference – lock down the
row to enable dragging down the table (C$20) and type a comma.
i. Close the bracket and Click Enter.
j. Use the fill handle to drag across and down to populate the empty
cells in the table.
SPARKLINES
Sparkline’s are tiny charts inside a single worksheet cells used to visually
represent and show a trend in given data. In addition, spark-lines allows user
to visualise the sales trends for each of them of the acct managers at a glance.
The tool is located in the Spark-lines group of the Insert tab.
Exercise 56: Using “Line Sparkline,” in cells G21:G34, display the Sales
trend for of the Account Manager for 2013:2017.
a. Click in cell G21.

b. In the Insert tab, in the Sparkline’s group, click on Line.
c. In the “data range” box, select the data range – C21:F21.
d. Notice, the “Location Range” selected due to the first click in G21
before clicking on Sparkline.
e. Click OK.
f. Use the fill handle to drag down. Note, fill handle double-click do
not work with spark-lines
SPARKLINES: CHANGING DATA RANGE
Exercise 57: Change the “Line Sparkline” to “Column Sparkline” and apply
“Sparkline colourful style 4” in the Styles groups.
a. Click on the Column in the Type group. See the caption below.
SPARKLINES HIGH POINT
Exercise 58: Using Column Sparkline, display the Sales Total High Point
trend for each Account Managers across years 2013:2017
a. Click on G21 or any other cell in column G.

b. In the Sparkline Tools Design tab, in the Show group, check High
Point. See the caption below
Exercise 59: Using Column Sparkline, display the Sales Total Low Point
trend for each Account Managers across years 2013:2017
a. Click on G21 or any other cell in column G.

b. In the Sparkline Tools Design, in the Show group, check Low
Point. See the caption below
UNGROUP SPARKLINES
Exercise 60: Ungroup Account Manager, Abiola David’s Sparkline and
apply different colour.
a. Click into cell G21.

b. In the “Group” tool of the “Design” tab, click on Ungroup.
c. In the Styles, select “Sparkline Style Dark 6.” See the caption
below
CLEAR SPARKLINES
Exercise 61: Clear all Sparkline’s
a. Click on any of the trend in column G.

b. In the “Group” tool of the “Design” tab – far right, click the Clear
dropdown icon
c. Click “Clear Selected Sparkline’s Group.”
ADVANCED CHARTING
Exercise 62: Using the values in cells A31:E42, display the data visually
using column chart. In the chart, display the Years (2013:2017) in horizontal
axis, the States in the legend series, Total Sales as the line chart and Order
Quantities as the vertical to the left. Finally, remove 2017 out of the column
chart.
a. Select A31E42 including the headings labels.

b. In the Chart group of the Insert, insert column chart. The caption
below
Notice, the chart looks terrible. First, the States displayed as horizontal axis
labels.
c. To display a meaningful trend, in the Design tab, click on Switch

Row/Column to swap the data around so that the years is placed
on the horizontal axis.
d. Then, click on Select Data on the ribbon. In the Legend Entries of
the “Select Data” dialogue box, uncheck Orders by Year and State.
e. In the “Horizontal Category Axis Labels,” click Edit

f. Select cells A38:A42 (2013:2017
g. Click OK. Column chart gradually taking shape. See the caption
below
To distinguish the series by changing the chart type for the sales total.
h. In the “Type” of the “Design” ribbon, click on Change Chart Type.

i. In the “Change chart type” dialogue box, click on Combo Chart.
j. In the “combo chart type at the top, select “custom combination”
k. In the “Chart Type” of the “Series name,” click the dropdown and
select “Clustered Column” for ABV, LOS & PHC. In the
dropdown for “Sales Total,” select “Line” chart.
l. In the “Secondary axis, check the box. See the caption below for
all the above steps
m. Click OK. See the caption below for the dashboard
To remove 2017 Sales out of the chart due to the low input values and its
negative effect on the chart:
a. Click “Select Data” in the Data group
b. In the “horizontal axis labels” of the “Select Data” dialogue box,
uncheck 2017.
c. Click OK. Notice, from the caption below, the 2017 data is
unavailable. The chart shows positive trend
TRENDLINES
Trend lines indicates the general pattern for charts that changes over time. In
addition, it is useful in forecasting future values that followed a specific
pattern.
Exercise 63: In the “Sales Dash” sheet, create a new chart showing just the
ABV data for 2013:2016.
a. Select cells B38:B41.

b. In the Chart group of the Insert tab, click on Line Charts
c. To add the years (2013:2016) on the horizontal axis, click on

“Select Data” in the Data group of the design contextual tab.
d. In the “horizontal axis labels,” click on Edit.
e. Select cells A38:A41 and Click OK
d. Click OK. See the line chart caption below

Note, the smallest order quantity for ABV is 138. Therefore, there is need to
adjust the vertical axis values from 0 to 130.
a. To do this, right-click on the vertical axis values inside the chart.

b. Click on “Format Axis”
c. In the “format axis” field area, change the minimum bound to 130.
d. Click OK.
e. Notice, the starting bound for the orders quantity in the chart is
130. Refer to the caption below
ADD TRENDLINE
To add a trend line:
a. Click on the little plus icon bar and hover over trend lines.
b. Click on “More Options.” By default, Excel adds a linear trend
line.
c. To display the R-squared value, scroll down the “format trend-
line” field area and check Display R-squared value on the chart
The R-squared is a number between zero and one that signify how closely the
trend-line follows in a data. The closer it is to one (1), the better the fit. The
Linear trend-line R-squared value in the caption above is 0.9763.
However, in the caption below, the Exponential R-squared value is 0.986.
This implies that the trend-line is more of an exponential curve than linear
FORECASTING
Exercise 64: Forecast the 2017 orders quantity for the State of ABV based on
the data from 2016.
a. In the forecast of the “format trend-line” field area, in the
“forward” box, type in 1
b. Click Enter.
Notice, in the chart of the caption below, the forecast for the State of ABV
orders quantity for 2017 –197 orders. The 2016 orders were 181.
LECTURE FIVE
CREATING FORMATTING TABLES
Tables are essential to organize and format data. Tables makes it easy to sort,
filter, select and format data
Exercise 65: Convert the data in the “Staff” sheet from range to a table
a. Click anywhere in data.

b. In the Tables group of the insert tab, click on Table.
Notice, in the dialog box, there is automatic selection from the data range –
A3:O38, using Absolute Cell Reference.
c. Check “my table has headers” if not checked, and there is header.
d. Click OK. Note, the shortcut key to convert data in a range to a
table is CTRL+T
Note, there is changed formatting. In addition, there are blue and white
banded rows. Furthermore, there are auto filter buttons right of each row
headings.
There is a brand-new ribbon tab named Table Tools, Design. The new
ribbon in Excel – contextual ribbon tab.
Furthermore, note, when user click outside or away from the data in the table,
the new ribbon disappears. When user clicked back into any area of the data
table, the table tools design tab reappears.
TABLE NAME
On the far left of the table tools design ribbon, notice that Excel has given the
table a name, Table1. For the purpose of this example, rename the table1
with “Legacy_HR_Database” and click Enter. When renaming table, space or
hyphen – not allowed. Excel allow only underscore or typing the name
without space. This is similar to named range.
TABLE STYLE OPTIONS

The Table Style Options group, effects changes to the outlook of the table.
User can turn off or on the header row, banded rows, banded columns, First
Column, Last Column, Filter button and the Total Row. This is dependent on
the user preferences
TABLES STYLES
User can select any desired style from the Table Styles group. The Table
Style Medium 10, applied to the table as seen in the caption below
Exercise 66: Clear the applied table style
a. In the Table Styles group, click the drop-down.

b. Click the Clear button located at the bottom of the drop-down.
Notice, the Filter button and the Table Tool Design tab are visible. Clearing
table style do not remove the functionality of Table. See the caption below
WORKING WITH TABLES

Exercise 67: Using Conditional Formatting, in column A, identify and
remove the duplicate Emp ID values.
To identify the duplicate values in column A
a. Select column A (Emp ID) including the heading, using the small
black arrow with a single click.
b. In the Conditional formatting on the Home tab, select Highlight
Cells Rule
c. Click on Duplicate Values and Click OK.
Notice, highlighted in red are all the duplicate values. See the caption below.
To remove the Duplicate values in a table.
a. Click on the Tables Tool Design tab,

b. In the Tools group to the left, click on “Remove duplicate”
c. In the dialogue box, click OK. All the duplicates are removed.
TABLE HEADINGS VISIBILITY

One of the benefits of using a table is that the row headings is visible (in grey
colour), despite scrolling down beyond the row that contains the headings.
This feature is unavailable when working in range. There is no need for
Freeze Pane in Tables. See the caption below
SORTING AND FILTERING

Sorting and filtering in tables’ works much the same as it does in ranges.
User can turn the filter button off and on, in the Table Styles options. In
addition, user can operate the sort and filter buttons in the Data tab, Home tab
or by using right-click in the table.
Exercise 68: Sort the data by “Department”, “Last Name” and “First Name”
in Ascending Order
a. In the sort & filter group of the data tab, click on the Sort icon.
b. In the dialogue box, for the “Sort by,” select Department
c. Select Order A to Z.
d. Then, click on “Add Level”. For “Then by,” select Last Name.
e. Select Order A to Z.
f. Click on “Add Level” again, for “Then by,” select First Name.
g. Select Order A to Z.
h. Click OK.
Data sorted using the three criteria specified. See the caption below
The Excel filter option is very powerful for quick automation. For example,
Excel recognizes that column F contains dates. Excel automatically groups by
year and month. In addition, Excel recognizes that column D contains the
Gender of the names in the table. This makes it very easy to filter by gender.
TOTAL ROW
One of the key tables features in Excel in the Total Row. It can be turned on
or off in the Table Style Options of Design Table Tools. Excel adds a row at
the bottom of the table (when user turned on), which sums up the final column
in the table.
The unique additional advantage is that there is a drop-down menu in each

cells of the Total Row that offers a range of calculation such as Count,
Average, Max, Min and many more options
TOP FIVE
Exercise 69: Summarise the top five earners and their combined annual
salaries.
a. Click on the filter icon in column N header, (Annual Salary).

b. Select Number Filters and click on Top 10.
c. In the Top 10 dialogue box, either type 5 directly or use the button
to reduce to 5. See caption below.
d. Click OK.
e. In cell N39, select sum from the total row dropdown.
The data of the top 5 earners displayed. There combined annual salary
calculated using the total row drop-down (SUM). See the caption below.
BELOW AVERAGE
Exercise 70: Count the number of staffs whose Year in service is below
average (column G)
a. Click on the filter icon in column G

b. In the Number Filter, click Below Average
c. In cell G39, select count from the total row dropdown.
There are 20 employees whose years in service is below average. See the
caption below
TOP 10
Exercise 71: Display the first “Top 10” staff that started working for the
company (column G)
a. Click on the filter icon in column G

b. In the Number Filter, click Top 10
The details of the Top 10 staffs displayed. See the caption below.
AUTOMATION WITH TABLES
Table features are time savers. Undoubtedly, they enhance efficiency and
productivity in Excel. However, the key benefit of table is the possibility of
adding powerful automation through auto-extension.
Exercise 72: In the “staff” sheet, add a new employee to the bottom of the
table (shortcut – Ctrl+Shift+). The following are the details of the employee:
Abiola David; M; 05/10/2018 (date of hire); Finance (department); $68,871
(annual salary), $5,928.39 (pension contribution)
To add a new table row for the new employee:
a. Highlight row A39 and press CTRL+SHIFT+. Note, a new row is

added.
b. Fill the details of the employee: Emp ID: E1249; Employee Last
and First name: Abiola David; Gender: M; Date of Hire
05/10/2018; Department: Finance; Annual Salary: $65,871.
Note, after adding a new row and data to the table as explained above, the
table automatically update the Named Ranges. In the Name Manager, Excel
immediately captured all the data in the new row 39. The quick automation
eliminates the process of redefining all of the named ranges. See the caption
below.
In the “Stats” sheet of the workbook, notice that the Finance department
entered for Abiola David is not included in the department salary summary.
To fix this by auto-extension table functionality:
a. Select row 21 and press CRTL+SHIFT+ to add a new row above

b. In the newly added cell A21, type in Finance – the department of
the newly recruited staff
c. Click Enter
Notice, the table automatically updated to accept the newly recruited finance
staff annual salary and salary by gender (M). In addition, the pie chart
automatically updated to capture the new data. See the caption below.
STRUCTURED REFERENCE
Structured reference is a special syntax for referencing excel tables. It is
dynamic, and adjust automatically when user data adds or removes from an
Excel Table.
Exercise 73: In cells P3:P39, calculate the “Total Package” that each
employee receives in the Staff sheet i.e Annual Salary + Pension.
a. To calculate the total package, type =.

b. Click on cell N4 (annual salary), add plus (+) and click on cell
O4 (Pension).
Notice, the formula looks different. The syntax is Structured References.
They are created automatically when using formulas in a table. They work
very similarly to named ranges but are not absolute. Notice that as soon as
user hit the Enter key, the formula automatically copies down the entire
column without using the Fill Handle. This is another great benefit of the
auto-extension feature of tables.
CONVERTING DATA TO RANGE AND

SUBTOTALLING
The Excel “Subtotal” tool summarises subsections of data. The Subtotal is
located in the Data tab. In order to apply the tool, there is need to convert the
table back to range. The subtotal function works brilliantly in the total row at
the bottom of the table. However, using the function in the middle of a table
would effectively break the table.
Exercise 74: Summarise the breakdown of staff names, annual salary,
pension and package for each department.
CONVERT TABLE TO RANGE
The first thing is to convert the table to normal range. This is because Excel
Subtotal tool is unavailable to use with tables. In addition, it is very
imperative to Sort the data before applying Subtotal
a. Click any cell in the table.

b. In the Design tab, turn off banded rows, total row and filter button.
c. In the Tools group of the Design tab, click on “Convert to Range.”
d. Click “Yes” to commit the conversion.
e. Sort the data by Department (A to Z).
f. In the Data tab, click on the Subtotal button.

g. In the dialogue box, “at each change in” dropdown, select
Department.
h. Use SUM function.
i. Check Annual Salary, Pension and Package.
j. Click OK.
In the caption below, notice that excel summarised each department data. On
the left side of the data, notice that there are outlines with minus (-) sign. In
addition, there are unique number (1, 2, 3) below the name box. By default,
the subtotal summarization is in outline 3
Below is the outline 2 subtotal that shows the total for each department.
Notice, the plus sign indicate that the other part of the data have been
collapsed
Exercise 75: Summarisation, all the employees across the department that
earns more based on their gender.
a. Click on the Subtotal tool.

b. In the dialogue box, “at each change in” dropdown, choose
Gender.
c. Use SUM function.
d. Check Annual Salary, Pension and Package.
e. Click OK. Notice, the Female employees in Customer Service
Department are four (4). However, the only male employee earns
more than four female employees with Annual Salary of
$54,900.00. See the caption below
To remove Subtotal from range, go back to the Subtotal dialogue box and
click Remove All
LECTURE SIX
CREATING AND MODIFYING PIVOT TABLES
The Excel Pivot Table is a program that allows user to reorganize and
summarise selected columns and rows of data in a spreadsheet to achieve a
desired outcome.
Exercise 76: Create a Pivot Table to display “Total” Sales by “Customer
Type.”
a. Click anywhere in the Order Sheet. Note, it is recommended that

data should be converted from range to table. This will make the
Pivot Table to be more responsive to changes.
b. Therefore, press CTRL+T and Click OK to convert to Table.
c. Optionally, rename the Table with Sales and Press Enter.
d. To create the actual Pivot, click anywhere in the Table data.
e. In the insert tab and on the far left, click on Pivot Table button.
f. In the dialogue box, notice that Pivot Table automatically picked
up “Sales” table name.
g. To display the Pivot Table data in a new sheet, click on New
Worksheet.
h. Click OK.
The Pivot Table Fields list on the right-hand side are tools for designing
Pivot Table. The placeholder is on the left, which means that Excel
recognises intention to create Pivot Table. Notice, there are two brand new
ribbon tabs, Pivot Table Tools, Analyze and Design. Each of the headings
from the original dataset appears as a field in the field list on the right.
To display Total Sales by Customer Type:
a. Locate Customer Type and click in the checkbox.

b. Locate, by scrolling down, Total Sales and click in the checkbox.
Exercise 77: Create another Pivot Table on the same sheet to display “Total”
Sales by “Account Managers”
a. Click on cell A13 (where the new pivot table will be inserted)
b. In the insert tab, click Pivot Table.
c. In the dialogue box, in the Table/Range, type Sales.
d. Then, check “Existing Workbook.”
e. Click OK.
f. In the Pivot Table Fields, locate and check “Account Managers”
and “Total”. Note, user can use the search box for quick selection.
This eliminates scrolling down.
In the Pivot fields, excel adds a field that contains text to the ROWS area
after user check the field box. Each of field in the ROWS area becomes a
row label on the main Pivot Table. Furthermore, when user check a field that
contains numeric data, excel automatically adds the field to the VALUES area
and summed. In addition, user needs to drag any fields to display in the
COLUMNS and FILTERS areas.
Exercise 78: Summarize, the “Total” sales generated by “Account Managers”
across the “3 States”
a. Grab and drop State directly into the Columns area

b. Grab and drop the Account Manager into the Rows area
c. Grab and drop the Total into the Values area
The Total sales generated by the account managers across the three operating
States displayed. See the caption below.
COLUMNS AREA
Exercise 79: Display, in the COLUMNS area, the sales trends from years
2013:2017 for all the account managers.
a. Remove States from the COLUMNS area by dragging and

dropping outside the PivotTable Fields.
b. Drag and drop “Order Year” into the COLUMNS area. Refer to
the caption below.
MODIFYING PIVOT TABLES: VALUE FIELD
SETTINGS
Exercise 80: In the first pivot table created, count the number of Orders by
Customer Type
a. Click anywhere in the numeric values and right click – This brings
up a menu of options that allow user to change pivot table.
b. In the menu options, choose “Summarize Value By”, and click on
Count.
Note: there are other functions such as Average, Min, Max and Product.
CONVERT TO PERCENTAGE
Exercise 81: Modify the second Pivot table by converting the Total Sales
from a discrete value by Year to “Percentage of Grand Total”
a. Right click in any of the numeric discrete values.

b. In the menu options, select, “Show Values As.”
c. Then, click on % of Grand Total
To convert pivot table data back to discrete values, simply right click. In the
(Show Values As), choose “No Calculation.”
CURRENCY FORMAT ($)

Exercise 82: Format the Pivot Table data with currency ($).
a. Right click on any value

b. Click on Number Format.
c. In the dialogue box, click on Currency.
d. Click OK. Note, the currency in users regional setting is applied
TOTAL ORDERS BY STATES
Exercise 83: Display the breakdown of Sales by Years within States
a. Drag and drop States and Order_Years in to the ROWS area.

b. Drag and drop Total into the VALUES areas. Note, when users
add two or more values to the columns or rows area, excel will
generate subtotals for each year. See caption below
SUBTOTALS, GRAND TOTALS & LAYOUT
REPORT
To turn off “Subtotals:”
a. In the Layout group of the design tab, click the Subtotals

dropdown.
b. Click Do Not Show Subtotals.
To display “Subtotal” at the “Top of Group:”
a. In the Layout group of the design tab, click the Subtotals

dropdown.
b. Click Show all Subtotals at top of group.
To turn off “Grand Totals for Rows and Columns:”
a. In the Layout group of the design tab, click the Grand Totals
dropdown.
b. Click “off for rows and columns.”
By default, report layout is in “Compact Form.” To change the layout to
“Tabular Form” and repeat the States in the rows:
a. In the Layout group of the design tab, click on report layout

dropdown.
b. Click on Show in tabular form.
c. In the Layout group again, click on “repeat all item labels.”
PIVOT TABLE STYLES

To apply styling to pivot table.
a. In the Design tab, on the right (Pivot Table Styles), apply Pivot
Style Medium 11
PIVOT TABLE: SORTING AND FILTERING
Exercise 84: Display “quarterly sales trends” by “States” for 2015 and 2016
using sorting and filtering
a. In the Field List, unselect Order Year.

b. Grab and drop Order Date into the Columns area. Notice that
Excel automatically grouped the States by Year instead of
displaying each individual date.
c. To group the data by quarters and years, click into one of the year
fields in the pivot (eg. Cell B13)
d. In the Analyze tab of the ribbon, and in the Group Section, click on
Group Field.
e. In the dialogue box, uncheck Months, tick Quarters and Years.
f. Click OK
COLLAPSE AND EXPAND ICONS

The collapse icons shrink the data to display the States and the Years with the
total sales while the Expand displays a widen data that contains each quarter
for each year. The icons are located on the left of Group Tool of Analyze tab
A single click on the plus button on the left of each year will expand the
quarters and the values for that specific year.
SORT
Exercise 85: Sort the Total Sales from smallest to largest by States.
a. Click into the Grand Total column.

b. In the Data tab, click Sort (Smallest to Largest).
FILTERING
Exercise 86: Using the filtering, display the sales trends by States for 2015
and 2016.
a. Click on the Column Labels filtering button in B12.

b. Check Select All to unselect all the years.
c. Then, check 2015 and 2016.
d. Click OK. Note that user can filter the Row Labels.
CLEAR FILTER
To clear a filter:
a. Click somewhere in the Pivot Table.

b. In the Data tab, under Sort & Filter group, click Clear.
c. The second option is located at the Analyze tab left of
Calculations group
REPORTING FILTER PAGES

Exercise 87: Display the breakdown of all the Sales for Account Manager
called Abiola David.
Apply the FILTER area on the Pivot Table Field
a. Locate the Account Manager field.

b. Drag and drop into the filters area. Notice in the Pivot Table
below that there is a newly added row named Account Manager
(All). These implies that the pivot report is for all the account
managers.
c. Click the drop down, to display a list of account managers.
d. Then, check the select multiple items.
e. Check Abiola and click OK.
CREATE PIVOT TABLE ACROSS SEPARATE

SHEETS
Exercise 88: Create Pivot Table for the following Account Managers Abiola
David, Charlies Adams, Connor Rulibeth, and Leighton Baines – to be on
separate worksheet.
a. Click the “report filter” dropdown in B10.

b. Select the four account managers to see the reports. Click OK
c. On the far left of the Insert tab, locate the “options” button and
click on the little dropdown to the right.
d. Finally, click on “Show Report Filters Pages.”
e. In the dialogue box, click OK.
Notice, four new worksheets for the four account managers pivot tables
created on new sheets.
Note, a double click on cell J15 data will create the snapshot of all values
that was used to generate $1,104.34 on a new worksheet. In addition, excel
do not allow changing of summarised values in the Pivot table.
SHOW TOOLS
The show tools are located on the far right of the Analyze tab of the Pivot
Table. User can use the buttons to switch on or off any button on the main
pivot table.
PIVOT CHARTS
PIVOT CHART: PIE CHART
Exercise 89: Create a 3D Pie Chart that gives the breakdown of Orders by
Customer Type. The 3D Pie Chart inserted from the first Pivot Table data.
a. Click somewhere in the pivot table. In the Tools group (far right)
of the Analyze tab, click Pivot Chart.
b. In the dialogue box, click on Pie on the left and choose 3D.
c. Click OK.
Note, user can use any of the regular chart types, such as column, line, pie, or
even radar. However, excel do not allow users to use charts such as stock, X
Y (Scatter) or any of the new and slightly more specialized chart types for a
single series of data.
Exercise 90: Note that when data on pivot table changes, the pivot chart also
changes. Filter to remove “Consumer” data from the Pivot Table and reflect
on the Pivot Chart.
a. Click on the Row Labels filter button and untick Consumer. The
Consumer data on the Pivot Table and Charts removed. See the
caption below
To clear the filter applied above:
a. Click the “Row Labels” filter dropdown and click “clear filter
from Consumer.” Or
b. Click on the filter button of the legend on the chart and click Clear
Filter From Customer Type
PIVOT CHART: LINE CHART

Exercise 91: Create a line chart that shows Quarterly Sales trends for 2015
and 2016 from the second Pivot Table
a. Click anywhere in the pivot table.

b. In Analyze tab, click on Pivot Chart.
c. Select Line and click OK.
Notice, the chat below does not look exactly like a typical line chart.
In the caption below, notice that the “States” on the Pivot Table are Rows
Labels while on the chart, it displayed as “AXIS (CATEGORIES)”. In
addition, the years are “LEGEND ENTRIES on the chart.
To fix the chart above in a quicker way:
a. Select the chart.

b. In the Design tab, click on Switch Row/Column.
Notice, the Legend displayed “States.” The X-axis displayed “Quarters.”
Chart Styles 6 applied to give a compelling visualisation. In addition, user
can use the “drag and drop” method to achieve the same result.
PIVOT SLICER
Slicers are alternative way of filtering data and they are incredibly easy to
use. To use the slicer, user needs to remove field from the “FILTERS” area.
Exercise 92: Add “States, Customer Type and Account Manager” slicers to
filter the pivot table and chart simultaneously:
a. Click in the pivot table or pivot chart.

b. In the pivot table tools Analyze tab or in chart Analyze tab, click
Insert Slicer in the filter group.
Note, user can add as many slicers as possible. For this exercise, check
State, Customer Type and Account Manager.
c. Click OK. Three slicers inserted. Refer to the caption below.

Note, when user add slicers to filter pivot table and charts, Excel hides the
“Pivot Charts Field.” This is one benefit of using Slicers.
In addition, there is new contextual ribbon (Slicers Tools Options), when
user select any of the inserted slicers. The tab provides all the tools for
working with slicers. On the right-hand side are selection of tools for
organizing and resizing slicers. On the left hand, side is “report connections.”
RESIZE AND ALIGN
Exercise 93: Resize all the three (3) slicers
a. Hold down the CTRL key and click on all three slicers.
b. In the Size group, for this exercise, resize the Height to 7.01cm
and the Width to 5cm.
ALIGN BUTTON
User can use the “Align” dropdown to position slicers based on preferences.
In addition, there are –top, bottom, distribute vertically and horizontally.
There are Slicers Styles available for selection.
SINGLE SLICER FILTERING

Exercise 94: Filter the State of ABV to display all the Sales figures.
a. In the State slicer, click on ABV. Notice, on the Pivot Tables and
Chart that the data are only showing for the State of ABV for all
the Account Managers
To clear the applied filter
a. Click on the top right-hand corner of the slicer

b. Click the Clear Filter button.
MULTIPLE SLICER FILTERING

Exercise 95: Filter “Consumer and Home Office” sales for Account
Managers,”Abiola David and Connor Rulibeth” for the States of “ABV &
LOS.”
a. In the “States” slicer, click on ABV

b. Hold CTRL key down and click on LOS
c. In the “Account Managers” slicer, click on Abiola David
d. Hold CTRL key down and click on Connor Rulibeth
e. In the “Customer Types” slicer, click on Consumer
f. Hold CTRL key down and click on Home Office
The pivot table and the pivot chart displayed the consumer and home office
sales for account managers, Abiola David and Connor Rulibeth for the States
of ABV and LOS. See the caption below.
CONNECTING SLICERS
The connect feature allows users to connect slicers to multiple pivots.
Exercise 96: Connect “Customer Type” slicer to “PivotTale1 on the “Main
Pivot” sheet,
a. Select the “Customer Type” slicer

b. In the Slicer Options, click Report Connections.
c. In the dialogue box, check “PivotTable1” on the “Main Pivot”
sheet.
d. Click OK
To test the connection:
a. In the “Customer Type” slicer, filter “Home Office and Small

Business”
b. Check to see the connected pivot table to confirm functionality.
See the caption below
Clear the filter from the Customer Type slicer. See the caption below
Finally, using a combination of pivot tables, pivot charts and slicers, user can
create powerful and interactive visual reports and dashboards.
PIVOT TIMELINE
Excel is equipped with a tool – Timeline. The tool allows user to filter dates
interactively. It is located in the “analyse” tab of the “PivotTable tools,” and
“PivotChart tools.” In addition, it is located in the “Insert” tab. Note,
timeline works with data that has dates
Exercise 97: Insert timeline from any of the three locations. In the “Order
Date” and “Ship Date” timelines, filter “Quarters 1:4 of 2016 and 2017” and
“Years 2014:2017”
a. Click on the second pivot table

b. In the insert tab, click on “timeline”
c. In the timeline dialogue box, check “Order Date” and “Ship Date.”
d. Click OK.
e. Align the two timeline windows using “align middle “ and
“distribute horizontally”
In the caption above, notice that there is “Timeline Tools Options” ribbon.
This is similar with Pivot Slicer.
f. In the “Order Date” timeline, click on little dropdown right of

“MONTH” and select “QUARTERS”
g. Click on Q1 of 2016. Hold down the SHIFT key and click on Q4
of 2017
h. In the “Ship Date” timeline, click on little dropdown right of
“MONTH” and select “YEARS”
i. Click on 2014. Hold down the SHIFT key and click on 2017.
In the caption above, PivotTable and PivotChart (line) updated based on the
filter from the timelines
CONNECTING PIVOT TIMELINE
The connect feature allows users to connect timelines to multiple pivots.
Exercise 98: Connect the two timelines to the “PivotTable1” on the” Main
Pivot” sheet
a. Select the “Order Date” timeline

b. In the Timeline Options, click “Report Connections.”
c. In the dialogue box, check “PivotTable1” on the “Main Pivot”
sheet. Click OK
d. To connect the second timeline, “Ship Date,” repeat steps a:d

above.
To test the connection:
c. In the “Order Date” timeline, filter QUARTERS – “Q1:Q4 of
2016 and 2017”
d. In the “Ship Date” timeline, filter YEARS – “2013:2017
e. Check to see the connected pivot table to confirm functionality.
Clear the filter from the two timelines. Notice the changes in the PivotTables
and PivotCharts connected. See the caption below
EXCEL SHORTCUTS
General Shortcuts
1. Open help F1
2. Undo last action Ctrl + Z
3. Redo last action Ctrl +Y
4. Copy selection Ctrl + C
5. Repeat last action F4
6. Cut selection Ctrl + X
7. Paste content from clipboard Ctrl + V
8. Display the Paste Special dialog box Ctrl + Alt + V
9. Display Find and replace with Find tab selected Ctrl + F
10.
Insert embedded chart Alt + F1
11.
Insert chart in new sheet F11
12.
Toggle Auto-filter Ctrl + Shift +
L
13.
Create table Ctrl + T
14.
Select table row Shift +
Space
15.
Select table column Ctrl + Space
16.
Select table (when active cell is in table) Ctrl + A
17.
Open VBA Editor Alt +
F11
18.
Duplicate object Ctrl + D
19.
Snap to grid (whilst dragging) Alt
20.
Hide or show objects Ctrl + 6
21.
Open Modify Cell Style dialog box Alt + '
22.
Show right-click menu Shift +
F10
23.
Display control menu Alt +
Space
Worksheet
24.
Insert new worksheet

Shift + F11
25.
Go to next worksheet
Ctrl + PgDn
26.
Go to previous worksheet
Ctrl + PgUp
27.
Rename current worksheet

Alt + O, HR
28.
Delete current worksheet

Alt + E, L
29.
Move current worksheet

Alt + E, M
30.
Move between the worksheet, Ribbon

Shift + F6
31.
Select non-adjacent worksheets

Ctrl + Click
32.
Print
Ctrl + P
33.
Open print preview window
Ctrl + F2
Workbook
1. Create new workbook
Ctrl + N
2. Open workbook
Ctrl + O
3. Save workbook
Ctrl + S
4. Save as
F12
5. Go to next workbook
Ctrl + Tab
6. Go to previous workbook
Ctrl + Shift + Tab
7. Minimize current workbook window
Ctrl + F9
8. Maximize current workbook window
Ctrl + F10
9. Protect workbook
Alt + R, PW
10.
Close current workbook
Ctrl + F4
11.
Close
Excel
Alt + F4
Ribbon
1. Expand or collapse ribbon
Ctrl + F1
2. Activate access keys
Alt
3. Move through Ribbon tabs and groups
→←↑↓
4. Activate or open selected control
Space “OR” Enter
5. Confirm control change
Enter
6. Get help on selected control
F1
Drag and Drop (After Selecting Cells)
1. Drag and cut
Drag
2. Drag and copy
Ctrl + Drag
3. Drag and insert
Shift + Drag
4. Drag and insert copy
Ctrl + Shift + Drag
5. Drag to worksheet
Alt + Drag
6. Drag to duplicate worksheet
Ctrl + Drag
Navigation
1. Move one cell right, left, up, down
→, ←, ↑, ↓
2. Move to right edge of data region
Ctrl + →
3. Move to left edge of data region
Ctrl + ←
4. Move to top edge of data region
Ctrl + ↑
5. Move to bottom edge of data region
Ctrl + ↓
6. Move to beginning of row
Home
7. Move to last cell in worksheet that contains data Ctrl
+ End
8. Move to first cell in worksheet
Ctrl + Home
9. Turn End mode on End
Active Cell
1. Select active cell (when multiple cells selected)
Shift + Backspace
2. Show the active cell on worksheet
Ctrl + Backspace
3. Move active cell clockwise to corners of selection
Ctrl + .
4. Move active cell down in selection - wrap to next
column Enter
5. Move active cell up in selection - wrap to previous
column Shift + Enter
6. Move active cell right in a selection - wrap to next row
Tab
7. Move active cell left in a selection - wrap to previous
row Shift + Tab
Selection
1. Select entire row
Shift + Space
2. Select entire column
Ctrl + Space
3. Select current region if worksheet contains data. Ctrl
+A
4. Press again to select current region and summary
rows
5. Press again to select entire worksheet.
Extension Selection
1. Extend selection right
Shift + →
2. Extend selection left
Shift + ←
3. Extend selection up
Shift + ↑
4. Extend selection down
Shift + ↓
5. Extend selection up one screen
Shift + PgUp
6. Extend selection down one screen
Shift + PgDn
7. Extend selection right one screen
Alt + Shift + PgDn
8. Extend selection left one screen Alt
+ Shift + PgUp
9. Extend selection to start of row(s) Shift
+ Home
10.
Extend selection to first cell in

worksheet Ctrl + Shift +
Home
11. Cancel 'Extend Selection' mode
Esc
Cell Edit Mode
1. Edit the active cell
F2
2. Insert or edit comment
Shift + F2
3. Delete comment
Shift + F10
4. Cancel editing
Esc
5. Select one-character right and left Shift
+ →, Shift + ←
6. Move one-word right
Ctrl + →, Ctrl + ←
7. Select one-word right
Ctrl + Shift + →
8. Select one word left
Ctrl + Shift + ←
9. Select to beginning of cell
Shift + Home
10.
Select to end of cell

Shift + End
11. Delete to end of line
Ctrl + Delete
12.
Delete character to left of cursor

Backspace
13.
Delete character to right of cursor
Delete
14.
Start a new line in the same cell

Alt + Enter
Entering Data
1. Enter data and move down
Enter
2. Enter data and move up
Shift + Enter
3. Enter data and move right
Tab
4. Enter data and move left
Shift + Tab
5. Enter data and stay in same cell Ctrl
+ Enter
6. Insert current date
Ctrl + ;
7. Insert current time
Ctrl + Shift + :
8. Fill down from cell above
Ctrl + D
9. Fill right from cell on left Ctrl +
R
10.
Copy formula from cell above (formula is

exact copy) Ctrl + '
11.
Copy value from cell
above Ctrl + Shift +
"
12.
Insert
hyperlink Ctrl + K
13.
Display AutoComplete
list Alt +
↓
14.
Flash
fill Ctrl + E
Formatting
1. Format cells Ctrl
+1
2. Display Format Cells with Font tab selected
Ctrl + Shift + F
3. Apply or remove bold
Ctrl + B
4. Apply or remove italics Ctrl
+I
5. Apply or remove underscore
Ctrl + U
Formulas
1. Toggle absolute and relative references (in cell edit

mode)
F4
2. Open the Insert Function Dialog Box Shift
+ F3
3. Auto-sum
Alt + =
4. Enter array formula Ctrl
+ Shift + Enter
5. Open Name Manager
Ctrl + F3
6. Paste name into formula F3
7. Accept function with auto-complete

Tab
Rows and Columns
Display Insert Dialog box Ctrl + +
1. Insert selected number of rows Ctrl
++
2. Insert selected number of columns Ctrl
++
3. Display Delete dialog box
Ctrl + -
4. Delete selected number of rows
Ctrl + -
5. Delete selected number of columns
Ctrl + -
6. Hide columns
Ctrl + 0
7. Hide rows
Ctrl + 9
8. Unhide rows
Ctrl + Shift + 9

Excel For Professionals 2021

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Excel For Professionals 2021

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MICROSOFT EXCEL FOR

First published 2018

HOME TAB FONT GROUP

QUICK ACCESS TOOLBAR

TOTAL ROWS AND COLUMNS COUNT

SELECTION AND NAVIGATION

SELECT SINGLE & MULTIPLE CELLS

COLUMN/ROW DATA SINGLES SELECTION

MULTIPLE SELECTION OF COLUMNS/ROWS

a. Click on the A. Hold down and drag through to Column G. The

a. Click on the first cell in the dataset

a. Click on the first column to select

NORMAL VIEW, PAGE LAYOUT VIEW &

a. Click at the desired part or the middle of the data

FREEZE PANES OPTION

a. Click the free panes dropdown.

a. In cell Q4, execute the formula: =P4-O4

CALCULATE SUB TOTAL

a. In cell S4, execute the formula: =P4*R4.

a. In cell U4, execute the formula: =S4*T4

a. In cell W4, execute the formula: =S4-U4+V4

FUNCTIONS 1: SUM AND AUTOSUM

a. In cell F4, execute the formula: =SUM(B4:E4). Where: =SUM is

a. In cell G4, execute the formula: =AVERAGE(B4:E4)

a. In cell H4, execute the formula: =MAX(B4:E4)

a. In cell I4, execute the formula: =MIN(B4:E4)

a. In cell J4, execute the formula =F4*J1.

APPLY ABSOLUTE REFERENCE

a. Double click or press F2 to open up the calculated value in cell

ACROSS SHEETS CALCULATIONS

a. In cell B4, type =

a. In cell D4, execute the formula: =SUM(B4:C4)

a. In cell E4, type =

Exercise 14: Change Font from Calibri to Arial Black

a. Click on the cell to format

a. Click on the Font Size left of the Font.

BOLD, ITALIC & UNDERLINE

a. Select the data

FILL & FONT COLORS

a. Select the cell or range of cells

a. Select the cell or range of cells

TOP AND DOUBLE BOTTOM BORDER

THICK OUTSIDE BORDERS

Refer to the caption below

a. Click on the cell or cells

In the first caption below, the Account Managers names in column A is

To wrap text inside a cell:

a. Select the cells.

MERGE AND CENTER

CENTER ACROSS SELECTION

a. Click in cell A1 – where to begin the selection

e. Click OK. Note: Cell H1 is visible as an independent cell despite

a. Click on the cell or range of cells

a. Click on cell A4,”Abiola David”

c. Click on Format Painter.

Copying multiple format simultaneously is possible using the Format Painter.

a. In the border dropdown, click on “No Borders”

Typing a number directly into a cell is “General” number format. These

a. Select all the cells that contain the values

a. Type control panel on the computers start-up bar

c. In the Region dialogue box, at the bottom right, click additional

INSERT AND APPLY ₦ AS DEFAULT

a. In the Insert tab, click on Symbol located far right.