Aristotle

Logic:
Prior Analytics: “It is about demonstration and demonstrative science Then, to define what is
a premises, a term,a syllogism, and which kind is perfect and imperfect”
➔ A premiss is something that affirms or denies something of something; it can be
universal, particular or indeterminate
➔ Demonstrative premiss: takes one part of a pair of contradictories.
➔ Dialectical premiss: a question about a pair of contradictories. (The person who
deduces it will be taking what is apparent, as said in the Topics)
➔ Syllogism: answers the question of why something is so and so. It is perfect if it
needs nothing beyond the things posited for the necessary to be evident; it is
imperfect, if it requires one or more things to be laid down because not included in the
premiss.
A syllogism is the recognition through a middle term of a minor term as subject
to a major.
➔ Deductions and inductions (epagogé) can be true or false = assertions or declarations.
-> we can have individual and u universal assertions. They are formed by a predicate
and subject.
➔ Predicate: which is affirmed or denied of something.
➔ Subject: the part of which something denied or affirmed.